Acceptability of children's testing for HIV infection during routine care activities in the Pediatrics Department of Sourô Sanou Teaching Hospital in Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso).

BACKGROUND: In order to contribute to the fight against the pediatric HIV infection, we have assessed, through a study in which we have systematically proposed to carry out children's testing, the rate of acceptability and the feasibility of children's HIV testing during the routine activities of the department. We have also analyzed the reasons for the acceptability or the refusal of the child's HIV testing by the accompanying person. METHODS: The study took place from May to September 2015 including all the parents/legal guardians of any child aged 0 to 14 years coming for a consultation or who was hospitalized in the Pediatric Department of Souro Sanou Teaching Hospital. Counseling sessions conducted by community health workers focused on informing and proposing the principle of child testing. After obtaining the verbal and informed consent of the accompanying person, the first test was performed with Determine® by a hospital health worker. A second SD Bioline®/ImmunoCombII® test was performed if the first test was positive. With children aged less than 18 months, after a positive antibody test, we resorted to PCR for confirmation. RESULTS: A total of 848 accompanying persons, 568 of whom were female, underwent a pre-test interview during which the HIV test was offered to them. The mean age of accompanying persons was 30 (25.5 to 38) years; 747 accompanying persons (88.1%) accepted the testing of their child. We have found an influence of the accompanying person's religion (P=0.02) and the type of accompanying person on the acceptability of children's testing. Mothers were more willing to accept the test compared to other accompanying persons (P=0.002). The main reason for refusing the child's testing was the absence of one of the child's parents, mainly the father whose opinion was needed. The test was positive for HIV1 in 10 children. CONCLUSION: In health centers, getting the informed consent from parents to test their children is a big challenge. However, our study shows that this is possible, through the high rate of acceptability obtained.

[Bochdalek's posterior-lateral right hernia: a case report]. / Hernie postero-laterale droite de Bochdalek a propos d'un cas.

INTRODUCTION: Congenital diaphragmatic hernias are embryopathies; they represent 8% of congenital malformations. There are several types: hiatal hernia, retro-costo-xiphoid hernia and posterior-lateral hernia called Bochdalek. Its incidence is estimated at 1/3200 live births, which represents 0.06% to 6% of cases of diaphragmatic hernias; it is predominant on the left in 85%. It may be in the neonatal period or late and the clinical signs are polymorphic. The purpose of this study is to recall the clinical and radiological aspects of this disease and discuss its treatment. RESULT: We report a case of a 3-year-old child with a history of recurrent broncho- pneumopathy since the age of one month admitted to the pediatric emergency department in an acute respiratory distress, radiography revealed a congenital diaphragmatic hernia operated. CONCLUSION: Bochdalek hernia of right seat is rare; it may be neonatal revelation or later revelation; its symptomatology is dominated by respiratory signs and imaging is indispensable in the diagnostic procedure. His treatment is surgical and the prognosis is generally good in the absence of major malformations associated.

INTRODUCTION: Les hernies diaphragmatiques congénitales sont des embryopathies; elles représentent 8% des malformations congénitales. Il en existe plusieurs types: la hernie hiatale, la hernie rétro-costo-xiphoïdienne et la hernie postéro-latérale dite de Bochdalek. Son incidence est estimée à 1/3200 naissances vivantes, ce qui représente 0,06% à 6% des cas de hernies diaphragmatiques; elle est prédominante à gauche dans 85%. Elle peut se révéler à la période néonatale ou tardivement et les signes cliniques sont polymorphes. Le but de la présente étude est de rappeler les aspects cliniques et radiologiques de cette pathologie et discuter son traitement. RÉSULTAT: Nous rapportons le cas d'un petit enfant de 3 ans, avec des antécédents de broncho-pneumopathies à répétition depuis l'âge d'un mois, admis au service des urgences pédiatriques dans un tableau de détresse respiratoire aiguë, chez qui l'exploration radiologique a révélé une hernie diaphragmatique congénitale prise en charge. CONCLUSION: La hernie de Bochdalek de siège droit est rare; elle peut être de révélation néonatale ou de révélation plus tardive; sa symptomatologie est dominée par les signes respiratoires et l'imagerie est indispensable dans la démarche diagnostique. Son traitement est chirurgical et le pronostic est en général bon en l'absence de malformations majeures associées.