Effect of Nutritional Intervention on Energy Intake in Head and Neck Cancer Patients After Radiotherapy.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the impact of nutritional intervention during radiotherapy for head and neck tumors and its effects on energy intake, consumption, and nutritional status. Methods: A comparative or observational study was conducted, and a total of 103 head and neck tumor patients undergoing radiotherapy were selected for this study and divided into two groups. The control group (n = 51) received routine nursing intervention, while the observation group (n = 52) received additional nutritional intervention. We compared the nutritional status, energy intake and consumption, and emotional well-being between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the observation group exhibited significantly higher levels of BMI, serum prealbumin, hemoglobin, and albumin compared to the control group (P < .05). Energy intake during radiotherapy was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group. Furthermore, the energy consumption in the observation group was significantly lower than in the control group (P < .05). After the intervention, the observation group reported lower scores on the Self-rating Anxiety Scale and Self-rating Depression Scale compared to the control group (P < .05). In a three-month follow-up after radiotherapy, the observation group's EORTC Cancer Quality of Life Scale score was also significantly higher than that of the control group (P < .05). Conclusions: Nutritional intervention proved effective in increasing energy intake and reducing energy consumption in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck tumors. This improvement positively impacted the nutritional status and quality of life of the patients, emphasizing its significant research value.

Study on the Changes of Intestinal Microflora Structure in Long-Term Night Shift Nurses.

Objective: To investigate the influence of long-term night shift nurses on the composition. Methods: The feces of 30 night shift nurses (test group) and 30 day shift nurses (control group) over 1 year were collected, and double-end sequencing based on bacterial 16S rDNA V3 + V4 and fungal 18S rDNA V3 + V4 was used to determine the differences by OTU clustering, diversity, flora abundance, and differential analysis. The results of 60 samples were sequenced for a total of 3, 052. There were 418 high-quality sequences, each sample produced an average of 50, 874 high-quality sequences. The OTU cluster analysis revealed that the number of OTUs was 365. The number of day-shift shift OTUs was 362. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05). There was no significant statistical difference in the Chao, Ace, Shan'non, and Simpson index between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Differential analysis of gut microflora between 2 groups showed that at the phylum level, the relative abundance of firmicutes in long-term night shift nurses was higher than in day shift nurses. However, the relative abundance of bacteroidetes was lower than that of white shift nurses (all p < 0.05). At the genus level, long-term night shift nurses' Bacteroides, Faecacterium, and Bifidobacterial were lower than that of white shift nurses (p < 0.05). However, the relative abundance of Prevotella and Megomonas was higher than that of white shift nurses (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: There are differences between night shift nurses, which lead to a decrease in intestinal probiotic flora and increased conditional pathogenic flora. Nursing managers should improve the intestinal flora change of night shift nurses through reasonable scheduling and dietary regulation.

Construction and Empirical Study of Nursing Quality Evaluation Index System of Hepatobiliary Surgery Based on ERAS Concept.

Objective: To study the index system of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) nursing evaluation, as a basis for the quality evaluation of hepatobiliary care, continue to improve the quality of hepatobiliary care. Methods: The 300 cases of hepatobiliary surgical diseases treated in our hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were randomly selected as the subjects of this study. Through clinical trials, two groups of subjects were used, one for the ERAS care group and the traditional care group. Through the questionnaire survey and access to the relevant research data, statistical data analysis was performed using the SPSS 22.0 software. Metrics were analyzed as descriptive by mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation. The Visual Analogue Score (VAS) Hepatobiliary Surgery Nursing Service evaluation form, service evaluation form, postoperative incidence of adverse reaction rate, patient satisfaction, and readmission rate questionnaire were established from the aspects of structural quality and process quality. An index system of hepatobiliary surgery nursing quality evaluation based on the ERAS concept was constructed. Results: This study compared the degree of VAS pain through postoperative care. The ERAS care group scored significantly lower than in the traditional care group. Nursing patients based on ERAS are very satisfied with the quality of care services. By comparing patient postoperative adverse reactions, satisfaction, and readmission rates, the ERAS care group was significantly better than the traditional care group. It can be seen that a good nursing quality evaluation index system can truly and objectively reflect the level of nursing quality and promote the hospital to further improve the medical quality. Conclusion: The research on the construction of nursing quality evaluation index system of hepatobiliary surgery based on ERAS concept provides a more scientific evaluation standard for nursing quality evaluation of hepatobiliary surgery ERAS, creates conditions for digital and intelligent management of nursing quality, and provides a basis for formulating a unified nursing quality evaluation index system of hepatobiliary surgery. It is of practical significance to improve the nursing quality of ERAS in hepatobiliary surgery.

The Efficacy of Rehabilitation Nursing Interventions on Patients with Open Lower Limb Fractures.

Objective: The study aims to analyze the efficacy of rehabilitation nursing interventions on patients with open lower limb fractures. Methods: From June 2020, patients who received RNI (observation group) were included and compared with patients who received routine nursing interventions (control group). The efficacy of different nursing modes was compared with several indicators. Results: One hundred patients were included in this study, 50 in each group. The baseline characteristics were not significantly different between the groups. Regarding the emotional scores, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) score (26.98 vs 43.47), and Distress Management Screening Measure (DMSM) score (8.01 vs 12.85) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, both P < 0.05. Regarding the postoperative related indexes, the postoperative pain score (10.13 vs 15.53), fracture healing time (6.32 vs 10.86 weeks), and postoperative complications rate (0 vs 12%) in the observation group were all significantly lower than those in the control group, all P < 0.05. Regarding the quality of life scores, the WHOQOL-100 score (94.12 vs 83.13) and PSQI score (6.43 vs 10.36) were both significantly better in the observation group, with both P < 0.05. Conclusion: Patients with open lower limbs who received RNI can help patients reduce postoperative anxiety and stress, promote postoperative rehabilitation and improve their quality of life.

Effect of HCH Nutrition Management Combined with Early Exercise Nursing on Nutrition Status and Postoperative Rehabilitation of Patients after Gastric Cancer Surgery.

Objective: The study aimed to analyze the effect of hospital-community-family (HCH) nutrition management combined with early exercise nursing on nutrition status and postoperative rehabilitation of patients after gastric cancer surgery. Methods: A total of 80 patients with gastric cancer admitted from January 2019 to June 2021 were selected and divided by the odd-even grouping method into two groups, i.e., 40 cases in the control group adopting routine nursing combined with early exercise nursing and 40 cases in the study group adopting HCH nutrition management; the nutrition status and postoperative rehabilitation of the two groups were compared. Results: The times of feeding, bowel sound, anal exhaust, and defecation in the study group after surgery were shorter than those in the control group, with a difference of statistical significance (P < 0.05). 3 months after discharge, the scores of Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SAG) in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the body mass index (BMI), prealbumin, albumin, hemoglobin, and the score of the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) were higher than those of the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Hospital-community-family nutrition management combined with early exercise nursing can improve the postoperative nutrition status of patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery and advance the time of postoperative exhaust and defecation.

Sulfonylimination of Proline with Sulfonylazides Involving Aldehyde-Induced Decarboxylation Coupling.

In the presence of aldehyde, a facile method was developed to obtain N-sulfonyl amidines under metal- and oxidant-free conditions by the decarboxylative of proline. This transformation features a double C-N bond formation and allows for the green synthesis of the N-sulfonyl amidines on the basis of mild conditions.

Improving the corrosion resistance of micro-arc oxidation coated Mg-Zn-Ca alloy.

Four additives (Na2WO4, nano-hydroxyapatite, K2TiF6 and NaF) were added into the Na5P3O10 + NaOH + C3H8O3 base electrolyte according to the orthogonal design of four factors three levels (L9 (34)). Nine different micro-arc oxidation (MAO) coatings were fabricated on Mg-2Zn-0.5Ca alloys through orthogonal experiments. The effects of four additives on the microstructure, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of MAO coatings were investigated through X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), electrochemical corrosion test and in vitro degradation test. The addition of nano-hydroxyapatite and K2TiF6 showed self-sealing effects and contributed to the corrosion resistance of the samples significantly. The addition of 0.5 g L-1 Na2WO4 markedly elevated the bonding strength of the coatings with the substrate. The optimal combination of factors and levels considering both mechanical properties and corrosion resistance was: 0.5 g L-1 Na2WO4, 0 g L-1 NaF, 5 g L-1 n-HAp, 5 g L-1 K2TiF6. The growth mechanism of MAO coatings combining with the visual phenomenon was discussed as well.

A comparative proteomic study identified calreticulin and prohibitin up-regulated in adrenocortical carcinomas.

BACKGROUND: Identifying novel tumor biomarkers to develop more effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for patients with ACC is urgently needed. The aim of the study was to compare the proteomic profiles between adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) and normal adrenocortical tissues in order to identify novel potential biomarkers for ACC. METHODS: The protein samples from 12 ACC tissues and their paired adjacent normal adrenocortical tissues were profiled with two-dimensional electrophoresis; and differentially expressed proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Expression patterns of three differently expressed proteins calreticulin, prohibitin and HSP60 in ACC, adrenocortical adenomas (ACA) and normal adrenocortical tissues were further validated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: In our proteomic study, we identified 20 up-regulated and 9 down-regulated proteins in ACC tissues compared with paired normal controls. Most of the up-regulated proteins were focused in protein binding and oxidoreductase activity in Gene Ontology (GO) molecular function classification. By immunohistochemistry, two biomarkers calreticulin and prohibitin were validated to be overexpressed in ACC compared with adrenocortical adenomas (ACA) and normal tissues, but also calreticulin overexpression was significantly associated with tumor stages of ACC. CONCLUSION: For the first time, calreticulin and prohibitin were identified to be novel candidate biomarkers for ACC, and their roles during ACC carcinogenesis and clinical significance deserves further investigation. VIRTUAL SLIDES: The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1897372598927465.

Significance of serum microRNAs in pre-diabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: a clinical study.

To explore the clinical significance of seven diabetes-related serum microRNAs (miR-9, miR-29a, miR-30d, miR34a, miR-124a, miR146a and miR375) during the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), 56 subjects were recruited to this study: 18 cases of newly diagnosed T2D (n-T2D) patients, 19 cases of pre-diabetes individuals (impaired glucose tolerance [IGT] and/or impaired fasting glucose [IFG]) and 19 cases of T2D-susceptible individuals with normal glucose tolerance (s-NGT). Serum miRNAs were determined by real-time RT-PCR. Expression levels of single miRNAs and the expression signatures of miRNAs as a panel were analysed among the three groups. In n-T2D, all 7 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated compared with s-NGT and five were significantly up-regulated compared with pre-diabetes, while miRNA expression was not significantly different between s-NGT and pre-diabetes. By Canonical discriminant analysis, 70.6% of n-T2D subjects (12/17) were recognized by canonical discriminant function, while s-NGT and pre-diabetes subjects could not be discriminated from each other. Similar results were found in Hierarchical Clustering analysis based on the expression levels of all seven miRNAs. In different statistical analysis, miR-34a always showed the most significant differences. We conclude that the expression levels of seven diabetes-related miRNAs in serum were significantly elevated in n-T2D compared with pre-diabetes and/or s-NGT, and the latter two groups featured similar expression patterns of these miRNAs, suggesting that during the pathogenesis of T2D, the peripheral diabetes-related miRNAs have not changed significantly from s-NGT at pre-diabetic stage.