Tailored versus conventional surgical debridement in complex facial lacerations in emergency department: A retrospective study.

Surgical debridement is an essential step in treating complex facial lacerations (CFL). As the CFL severity increases, conventional surgical debridement (CSD) of wound edges becomes difficult and may be insufficient. Because the severity and shape of each CFL vary, it is necessary to tailor the customized pre-excisional design, that is, tailored surgical debridement (TSD), for each case before performing surgical debridement. The use of TSD can enable effective debridement of CFL with higher severity. This study aimed to compare the cosmetic outcomes and complication incidence of CSD versus TSD according to CFL severity. In this retrospective observational study, eligible patients with CFL who visited the emergency department between August 2020 and December 2021 were examined. CFL severity was graded as Grades I and II. The outcomes of CSD and TSD were compared using the scar cosmesis assessment and rating (SCAR) scale, wherein a good cosmetic outcome was defined as a SCAR score of ≤ 2. The percentage of good cosmetic outcomes between the 2 groups was compared. The SCAR score and percentage of good cosmetic outcomes between the 2 groups were compared overall and by severity. For analyzing complication incidence, asymmetry, infection, and dehiscence incidence were compared. In total, 252 patients were enrolled [121 (48.0%) CSD and 131 (52.0%) TSD]. The median SCAR scores were 3 (1-5) and 1 (0-2) in all enrolled patients (P < .001), 2 (0-4), and 1 (0-1) in Grade I patients (P < .01), and 5 (4-6) and 1 (1-2) in Grade II patients (P < .001) in the CSD and TSD groups, respectively. The percentage of good cosmetic outcomes was 46.3% and 84.0% overall (P < .001), 59.6% and 85.0% in Grade I patients (P < .01), and 9.4% and 83.5% in Grade II patients (P < .001) in the CSD and TSD groups, respectively. The incidence of complications was significantly higher in the CSD group than in the TSD group, but this was limited to asymmetry. No significant difference was noted in infection or dehiscence. Compared with CSD, TSD can lead to an objectively good cosmetic prognosis at higher CFL severity and can reduce facial asymmetry occurrence.

Efficient olefin epoxidation by robust Re4 cluster-supported Mn(III) complexes with peracids: evidence of simultaneous operation of multiple active oxidant species, Mn(V)=O, Mn(IV)=O, and Mn(III)-OOC(O)R.

Two new tetranuclear chalcocyanide cluster complexes, [{Mn(saloph)H2O}4Re4Q4(CN)12]⋅4 CH3OH⋅ 8 H2O (saloph = N,N'-o-phenylenebis(salicylidenaminato), Q = Se (1-Se), Te (2-Te)), have been synthesized by the diffusion of a methanolic solution of [PPh4]4[Re4Q4(CN)12] into a methanolic solution of [Mn(saloph)](+). The structure of 2-Te has been determined by X-ray crystallography. These rhenium cluster-supported [Mn(III)(saloph)] complexes have been found to efficiently catalyze a wide range of olefin epoxidations under mild experimental conditions in the presence of meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA). Olefin epoxidation by these catalysts is proposed to involve the multiple active oxidants Mn(V)=O, Mn(IV)=O, and Mn(III)-OOC(O)R. Evidence in support of this interpretation has been derived from reactivity and Hammett studies, H2(18)O-exchange experiments, and the use of peroxyphenylacetic acid as a mechanistic probe. Moreover, it has been observed that the participation of Mn(V)=O, Mn(IV)=O, and Mn(III)-OOC(O)R can be controlled by changing the substrate concentration. This mechanism provides the greatest congruity with related oxidation reactions that employ certain Mn complexes as catalysts.

Tetra-µ-benzoato-bis-[(quinoxaline)copper(II)].

The paddlewheel-type centrosymmetric dinuclear title complex, [Cu(2)(C(7)H(5)O(2))(4)(C(8)H(6)N(2))(2)], contains four bridging benzoate groups and two terminal quinoxaline ligands. The octa-hedral coordination around each Cu atom, with four O atoms in the equatorial plane, is completed by an N atom of a quinoxaline mol-ecule [Cu-N = 2.2465 (18) Å] and by the second Cu atom [Cu⋯Cu = 2.668 (5) Å]. The Cu atom is 0.216 Šout of the plane of the four O atoms.

Tetra-µ-benzoato-bis-[(3-methyl-quinoline)copper(II)](Cu-Cu).

In the title compound, [Cu(2)(C(7)H(5)O(2))(4)(C(10)H(9)N)(2)], the paddle-wheel-type dinuclear complex mol-ecule contains four bridging benzoate groups and two terminal 3-methyl-quinoline ligands. The asymmetric unit contains one and a half mol-ecules with a total of three independent Cu atoms; there is an inversion center at the mid-point of the Cu⋯Cu bond in one molecule. The octa-hedral coordination of each Cu atom, with four O atoms in the equatorial plane, is completed by an N atom of a 3-methyl-quinoline ligand [Cu-N = 2.190 (4)-2.203 (3) Å] and by another Cu atom [Cu⋯Cu = 2.667 (1) and 2.6703 (7) Å]. The Cu atoms are all ca 0.22 Šout of the plane of the four bonded O atoms.