[Insulin-like growth factor 1-induced changes in hemoporphyrin conformation in hemoglobin and NO-transporting function in human erythrocytes].

The evidence on the effect of different insulin-like growth factor concentrations on a state of human erythrocytes is provided. Activation of the insulin-like growth factor receptors led to changes in the conformation of hemoglobin, NO-transporting function in erythrocytes and also in micro-viscosity of the cell membrane. It was shown for the first time that at the binding of the insulin-like growth factor to a cell surface, hemoglobin of erythrocytes alters its conformations and affinity to ligands.

[Membrane-modifying effect of taurine].

The effect of taurine on the membrane-bound processes in rat erythrocytes and peritoneal mast cells was studied. By EPR method using spin probe 5-DS a significant decrease in the order parameter S of erythrocyte membrane phospholipid acyl chains in in vitro experiments after incubation with taurine (10 mM, 1 h) was shown. The increase of erythrocyte membrane response to peroxide hemolysis was also observed, that was apparently induced by decrease of membrane viscosity as a result of lessening the solidity of the erythrocyte membrane phospholipid packing. The different effects of taurine on ionophore A23187 and compound 48/80-stimulated functional activity of the peritoneal rat mast cells by various modes of administration (peroral, intraperitoneal, intramuscular) were shown. This makes it possible to conclude that the mechanism of taurine activity at the organism level seems to be a mediated process and systemic by nature.

[The use of nanoparticles for the study of conformations submembrane hemoglobin].

The advantages and features of the integrated application of methods of atomic force microscopy, laser interference microscopy and Raman microscopy in the study of erythrocytes was discussed. For the successful application of Raman microscopy in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy mode the silver colloids was using. The dependence of the enhancement of Raman signals from silver colloids size was demonstrated. The using of developed methods for clinic diagnostic was discussed.

[Studies of the blood antioxidant system and oxygen-transporting properties of human erythrocytes during 105-day isolation].

Effects of strict 105-d isolation on blood antioxidant status, erythrocyte membrane processes and oxygen-binding properties of hemoglobin were studied in 6 male volunteers (25 to 40 y.o.) in ground-based simulation of a mission to Mars (experiment Mars-105). The parameters were measured using venous blood samples collected during BDC, on days 35, 70 and 105 of the experiment and on days 7 and 14-15 after its completion. Methods of biochemistry (determination of enzyme activity and thin-layer chromatography) and biophysical (laser interference microscopy, Raman spectroscopy) showed changes in relative content of lipid and phospholipid fractions suggesting growth of membrane microviscosity and increase in TBA-AP (active products of lipids peroxidation interacting with thiobarbituric acid). A significant increase in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and superoxide dismutase activities against reduction of catalase activity points to both reparative processes in erythrocytes and disbalance between the number of evolving active forms of oxygen and antioxidant protection mechanisms in cells. Hemoglobin sensitivity of oxygen and blood level of oxyhemoglobin were found to increase, too. It is presumed that adaptation of organism to stresses experienced during and after the experiment may destroy balance of the antioxidant protection systems which is conducive to oxidation of membrane phospholipids, alteration of their content, increase of membrane microviscosity and eventual failure of the gas-exchange function of erythrocytes.

[Hemolytic activity of new hybrid antioxidants ichfans].

The hemolytic activity of new spatially screened hybrid antioxidants--ichfans--has been studied. The concentration-dependent hemolytic action of high concentrations of ichfans with 8, 10, 12 or 16 carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain has been revealed. A nonmonotonic dependence of the hemolytic activity on the hydrophobic properties of ichfans has been found.

[Effect of ichphans on the structural properties of erythrocyte membranes].

Morphological transformation of erythrocytes and structural changes in the erythrocyte membrane have been revealed by scanning electron microscopy and spin-probe technique. These effects were caused by the incorporation of ichphans, new generation drugs combining antioxidant and anticholinesterase effects, into the erythrocyte membrane and their distribution in the intramembrane space. Different distribution and modulatory effect of the derivatives with different hydrophobic properties have been shown. The derivatives with 8 and 10 carbon atoms in the aliphatic substituent were the most efficient modifiers of the membrane structure and morphology of erythrocytes.

[Role of viscosity and permeability of erythrocyte plasmatic membrane in controlling the oxygen transport effectiveness by human hemoglobin on completion of space flight].

Plasmatic membrane viscosity and permeability and hemoporphyrine conformation in human hemoglobin were studied on completion of long-duration space flight (LSF). Reversible increases in viscosity and selective permeability (Na+/H+ -turnover) of erythrocyte plasmatic membrane were observed immediately after and in the period of recovery from LSF. Viscosity of lipids in both external and internal locations of plasmatic membrane in human erythrocytes was changed after LSF. The reversible rise of the Na+/H+ -turnover is likely to alter intracellular pH and oxygen binding with hemoglobin. The former is confirmed by the concurrent reversible decline in the deoxyhemoglobin ability to bind oxygen and the oxyhemoglobin ability to retain oxygen. In LSF and during readaptation to the normal gravity blood levels of hemoglobin and free iron are known to be reduced and may be answerable for the hypoxic state of human organism.

[The influence of new hybrid antioxidants ichphans on the kinetics of ascorbate-induced reduction of spin probe radical centers in liposomes].

The influence of new hybrid antioxidants ichphans on the structure of liposome lipid bilayer was studied. The analysis of the kinetics of the ascorbate-induced reduction of spin probe radical centers incorporated in a membrane revealed that ichphans produce a modifying effect on the structure of liposome membrane. It was established that derivates with distinct hydrophobic properties transform different sites of the membrane that are the sites of localization of ichphans in the intramembraneous space. The data obtained suggest that lipid components play an important role in the effects of ichphans on biological membranes.

[The role of plasmatic erythrocytic membrane in formation of hypoxia in patients with chronic cardiac failure].

AIM: To study oxygen supply to erythrocytes in patients with chronic cardiac failure as a factor provoking hypoxia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The trial enrolled 12 men with chronic cardiac failure (CCF) of functional NYHA class II aged 37 to 74 years (group A). Group B--healthy donors (n = 10) aged 20-40 years. Conformation changes of hemoporphirine were detected with degradation spectroscopy, viscosity of plasmatic membrane--with resonance spectroscopy. Degradation spectroscopy estimated content of Hb-ligant complexes as 0.34 +/- 0.013; complexes I Hb-NO 0.73 +/- 0.11, complexes II Hb-NO 0.28 +/- 0.08 (group A). RESULTS: Electronic-paramagnetic spectroscopy has estimated: S--0.716 +/- 0.005 (group A), 0.667 +/- 0.011 (group B). In group B- 0.5 +/- 0.08; 0.41 +/- 0.22; 0.55 +/- 0.12, respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients with CHF have high microviscosity of plasmatic erythrocytic membrane near location of polar lipid groups; subnormal content of oxyhemoglobin and elevation of the number of complexes of nitric hemoglobin-oxide; altered binding of nitric oxide with hemoglobin.

[Influence of new hybrid antioxidants ichphans on erythrocyte morphology]. / Vliianie novykh gibridnykh antioksidantov--ikhfanov--na morfologiiu éritrotsitov.

Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the effects of the new generation of compounds ICHFANs, which have a combined antioxidant and acetylcholine esterase inhibitory effect on the surface architectonics of erythrocytes. The incorporation of each of the studied compounds with the positively charged quaternary ammonium in the erythrocyte membrane and their distribution in the itramembraneous space were accompanied by the formation of echinocytes, stomatocytes, and compensative effects on erythrocyte shape. The time-dependent morphological transformation of erythrocytes apparently is determined by changes in the distribution of the compounds between the outer and inner monolayers of the erythrocyte membrane. A difference in the morphological effects of compounds with different hydrophobic properties was revealed.

[Various forms of water in the rat myocardium and liver during blood loss and the early postresuscitation period]. / Zakonomernosti izmeneniia razlichnykh form vody v miokarde i pecheni krys pri krovopotere i v rannem postreanimatsionnom periode.

Different forms of water content were studied in myocardium and liver of male rats at 2-h hypotension and during the early postreanimation period. The phenomenon of redistribution of free and bound water was found. Comparison of water balance during the postreanimation period in the myocardium and liver revealed that normalization of different forms of water occured in myocardium. In hepatocytes oedema remained over the whole period studied.