Systematic review to evaluate accuracy studies of the diagnostic criteria for periodontitis in pregnant women.

The diversity of criteria used in the diagnosis of periodontitis in pregnant women makes it difficult to define and compare the disease. Using a systematic review, this study evaluated the accuracy of criteria for diagnosing periodontitis in pregnant women. Searches were carried out in the databases: Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Lilacs, ProQuest, and CINAHL. Validation studies of the criteria used for diagnosing periodontitis met the inclusion criteria. The study steps were performed by three independent reviewers. A qualitative synthesis of the included articles was carried out and the quality methodological analysis using the QUADAS-2 instrument. The assessment of the quality of the evidence was obtained through the GRADE tool. A total of 592 records were identified, of which only 6 made up this systematic review. The included studies analyzed different criteria for diagnosing periodontitis, evaluating 3,005 pregnant women. The criteria selected as a test presented results equivalent to the performance of those recognized as the gold standard. The self-reported criteria were of lower diagnostic accuracy. A major limitation of this review was the small number of primary studies that evaluated clinical diagnosis of periodontitis in pregnant women, which was highly heterogeneous, making it impossible to carry out accuracy meta-analysis and additional analyzes. There is a lack of consensus on the criteria for the diagnosis of periodontitis, with great variability in the accuracy and prevalence of the disease in pregnant women.

The effect of antireaction medications on the association between periodontitis and leprosy reactions: An important methodological issue in periodontal medicine.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of leprosy reactions (LRs) involves thalidomide, corticosteroids, and other immunomodulatory medications. This study evaluated the effect of these treatments on the association between periodontitis and LRs, as well as factors associated with LRs. METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on 283 individuals followed at a leprosy outpatient clinic in Brazil. The case group was comprised of 158 individuals presenting type 1 or type 2 LRs, and the control group of 125 leprosy individuals without reactions. A complete oral examination was performed to diagnose periodontitis, the independent variable. Antireaction medication used was collected from medical records, and participants were classified according to the use of prednisone and/or thalidomide, time of use, or non-use of medication. Socioeconomic-demographic, clinical, and lifestyle covariables were collected by interview. Unconditional logistic regression analysis by subgroups evaluated the effect of antireaction medication on the association between periodontitis and LRs, estimating the odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (OR; 95% CI). RESULTS: A relationship between periodontitis and LRs was observed only in the subgroup using the association prednisone and thalidomide: ORadjusted = 0.32; 95% CI = 0.11-0.95. Conversely, more severe periodontal clinical parameters were observed in cases versus controls. Several socioeconomic, health conditions, and lifestyle factors were associated with the presence of LRs. CONCLUSIONS: Although periodontal disease indicators were worse among the cases, the findings showed a negative relationship between periodontitis and LRs in individuals receiving associated prednisone and thalidomide. These medications appear to influence the inflammatory cascade between diseases, modifying and masking the manifestations of periodontitis.

Impacto da perda dentária na qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde bucal de adultos / Impact of tooth loss on oral health-related quality of life of adults

Introdução: a perda dentária parece impor alterações físicas, biológicas e psíquicas que podem impactar negativamente na qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Objetivo: avaliar a associação entre perda dentária e a percepção do seu impacto negativo na qualidade de vida. Metodologia: estudo transversal, conduzido com 306 adultos, atendidos em serviços públicos de saúde, em Feira de SantanaBa. O impacto na qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal foi mensurado pelo OHIP-14. Foi realizado exame bucal e aplicado questionário estruturado para obter informações relacionadas às características socioeconômicas, demográficas, de estilo de vida e condições de saúde geral e bucal. Foi empregado o Teste qui-quadrado e estimadas as Razões de prevalência e intervalos de confiança a 95% (IC95%). Resultados: dentre as dimensões do OHIP-14, a perda dentária (≥7 dentes) foi estatisticamente associada com a dimensão "incapacidade física" (RP: 1,50; IC95%: 1,18-1,90, p=0,003). Conclusão: houve associação entre alta perda dentária e impacto da saúde bucal na qualidade de vida, expressa pela incapacidade física.

Introduction: tooth loss seems to impose physical, biological and psychological alterations which could impact negatively on quality of life of individuals. Objective: was to evaluate an association between tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life. This crosssectional study examined a sample of 306 adults, attended at public health services, in Feira de Santana-Ba. Metodology: the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) was used to capture the impact on their quality of life. Oral examination was performed and a structured questionnaire was applied to obtain more information related to socioeconomic and demographic variables, lifestyle one and general and oral health conditions. The chi-square test was used and the prevalence ratios (PR) and confidence intervals at 95% (IC95%) were estimated. Results: among the specific dimensions of the OHIP-14, tooth loss (≥7 teeth) was statistically associated with the dimension "physical disability" (RP: 1.50; IC95%: 1.18-1.90, p=0.003). Conclusion: there was association between high tooth loss and oral health-related quality of life, expressed by physical disability

Condição bucal de gestantes e puérperas no município de Feira de Santana, em três diferentes períodos entre os anos de 2005 e 2015 / Condición bucal de gestantes y puérperas en el municipio de Feira de Santana, en tres diferentes momentos entre los años 2005 y 2015 / Oral health status of pregnant and puerperal women in the municipality of Feira de Santana, at three different times between 2005 and 2015

Objetivo: avaliar a condição bucal de gestantes e puérperas, usuárias de serviços públicos de saúde de Feira de Santana, BA, Brasil, em três momentos distintos do período 2005-2015. Métodos: estudo sobre características socioeconômico-demográficas, condição e cuidado com a saúde, estilo de vida e condição bucal de 1.245 participantes, obtidas de banco de dados de três investigações - I Estudo de intervenção (2005-2007), II Estudo caso-controle (2010-2011), III Estudo caso-controle (2012-2015). Resultados: comparando-se os três períodos, as frequências de gengivite (24,41% versus 8,90% versus 5,77%; p<0,01) e periodontite (44,64% vs 9,16% vs 11,55%; p<0,01) diminuíram; relativamente à condição dentária, as piores situações no número de dentes presentes, hígidos, extraídos e índice CPO-D observaram-se no período III, comparativamente ao período II. Conclusão: a condição periodontal melhorou nos anos estudados, coincidentemente com o processo de implantação de políticas de assistência pré-natal, saúde da mulher e saúde bucal, e de redistribuição de renda no município.

Objetivo: evaluar la condición bucal de gestantes y puérperas, usuarias de servicios públicos de salud de la ciudad de Feira de Santana/BA, en tres momentos distintos comprendidos entre 2005 y 2015. Metodos: se trata de un estudio con información sobre características socioeconómicas-demográficas, de condición y cuidado com la salud, de estilo de vida y de condición bucal de 1245 participantes obtenidas en un banco de datos de tres investigaciones previas: I (2005-2007), II (2010-2011), III (2012-2015). Resultados: tanto la frecuencia de gingivitis (24,41% versus 8,90% versus 5,77%; p<0,01) y periodontitis (44,64% vs 9,16% vs 11,55%; p<0,01) disminuyó; em relación a la condición dental, las peores situaciones en cuanto al número de dientes presentes, hígidos, extraídos y el índice CPO-D se observaron en el período III, en comparación con las del período II. Conclusión: se há mejorado la condición periodontal a lo largo de los años, período que coincide com el proceso de implantación de políticas de salud de la mujer, salud bucal, así como redistribución de ingresos en el municipio.

Objective: to evaluate the oral health condition of pregnant/postpartum women attending public services in the city of Feira de Santana, BA, Brazil, at three different times between 2005 and 2015. Methods: this is a study socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, health condition and health care, lifestyle and oral health status of 1,245 participants obtained from a database of three previous investigations: I Intervention Study (2005-2007); II Case-Control Study (2010-2011); III Case-Control Study (2012-2015). Results: comparing the three periods, the frequency of gingivitis (24.41% versus 8.90% versus 5.77%; p<0.01) and periodontitis (44.64% vs 9.16% vs 11.55%; p<0.01) was found to decrease; the worst dental conditions regarding the number of teeth present, healthy and extracted and the DMFT index were found in period III compared to period II. Conclusion: an improvement was seen in the participants' periodontal condition over time, which coincides with the implementation of policies pertaining to women's health, oral health and income redistribution in this city.