RESUMEN
Scientific research plays a fundamental role in current medical practice and it is of great importance that medical students relate to it from the beginning of their professional career, since it generates multiple benefits that will be reflected during the course of their careers as university students and future professionals. However, getting involved in research during the undergraduate years is not always easy, as there are different obstacles and challenges that result in a reduced number of research students. Because of this, it is necessary to adopt appropriate strategies and measures to help facilitate this process, in order to foster the early development of essential skills that will facilitate responsible clinical practice. Knowing the evidence on this issue is fundamental to propose educational solutions depending on each context.
RESUMEN
Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of death globally, with acute myocardial infarction being one of the most frequent. One of the complications that can occur after a myocardial infarction is cardiogenic shock. At present, the evidence on the use of inotropic agents for the management of this complication is scarce, and only a few trials have evaluated the efficacy-adverse effects relationship of some agents. Milrinone and Dobutamine are some of the most frequently mentioned drugs that have been studied recently. However, there are still no data that affirm with certainty the supremacy of one over the other. The aim of this review is to synthesize evidence on basic and practical aspects of these agents, allowing us to conclude which might be more useful in current clinical practice, based on the emerging literature.
RESUMEN
Introducción: La aspiración de contenido gástrico representa la principal causa de muerte relacionada con la anestesia. El ultrasonido gástrico parece ser útil para el estudio del contenido gástrico, en especial en situaciones donde no existen o se desconocen las condiciones de ayuno. Objetivo: Describir la utilidad del ultrasonido para la valoración del contenido gástrico preoperatorio. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda estructurada en las bases de datos Pubmed, Embase, SciELO y Cochrane Library con los descriptores fasting; anesthesia; anesthesia, general; ultrasonics, ultrasonography, stomach (MeSH) Resultados: Se encontraron alrededor de 29 artículos con información relevante para el desarrollo de la presente revisión. Conclusiones: Aunque el ultrasonido gástrico parece ser una técnica útil para el estudio del contenido gástrico, se desconoce su impacto en la incidencia de aspiración neumónica, por lo que se necesitan más estudios para promover su uso rutinario en la práctica clínica.
Introduction: Gastric content aspiration represents the main cause of death related to anesthesia. Gastric ultrasound seems to be useful for studying gastric content, especially in situations where fasting conditions do not exist or are unknown. Objetive: To describe the utility of ultrasound for the evaluation of gastric content. Methods: A structured search was carried out with the descriptors: fasting; anesthesia; general anesthesia; ultrasounds, ultrasonography, stomach (MeSH), in the databases: Pubmed, Embase, SciELO and Cochrane Library. Results: 29 articles were found with relevant information for the development of this review. Conclusions: Although gastric ultrasound seems to be a useful technique for the study of gastric content, the impact that this may have on the incidence of pneumonic aspiration is unknown, so more studies are needed to promote its routine use in clinical practice.