[Health in adolescence with HIV / AIDS: paths for a post-2015 schedule]. / A saúde no adolescer com HIV/aids: caminhos para uma agenda pós-2015.

OBJECTIVE: to relate the perception of health in adolescents living with HIV/AIDS with possible strategies to reduce the spread of the virus. METHOD: qualitative, descriptive exploratory study, developed in the Specialized Assistance Services in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul, with 15 adolescents living with HIV/AIDS. Information was collected in 2013, through semi-structured interview and processed by thematic analysis. RESULTS: The information analysis resulted in two categories: Perceptions of Health and Adolescence with HIV/AIDS, which made it possible to relate living with HIV/AIDS and the Millennium Development Goals with strategies that allow reducing the spread of the virus. CONCLUSIONS: adolescents with HIV/AIDS perceive themselves as healthy. The strategies to reduce the spread of the virus must therefore focus on self-care and in reducing prejudice and stigma in society, these actions being suggested as an agenda for the next millennium goals.

[Health professionals and hand hygiene: a question of pediatric patient safety]. / Os profissionais da saúde e a higienização das mãos: uma questão de segurança do paciente pediátrico.

This paper is a qualitative descriptive study, which aims to analyze how the academic education concerning hand hygiene contributes to the pediatric patient safety. This research was developed in an university hospital in Southern Brazil, in the pediatric unit, during the period of August to December, 2012. Sixteen healthcare professionals participated (doctors, nurses and physical therapists). A semi-structured interview was used to gather information. Data was organized by the software QSR Nvivo and analyzed using the content analysis technique. The results allowed us to list two thematic categories:"Hand hygiene and healthcare professionals' academic education"; and "Hand hygiene and professional life". The first thematic category will be presented in this paper. It was identified that the academic education contributes in an ineffective way to the creation of a patient safety culture. According to the professionals, there are gaps during the educational process regarding hand hygiene. The topic is treated in an ineffective and not very significant way to the learning and adhesion of hand hygiene in the professional life. It is recommended that, for the internalization of the practice by future professionals, a transversal, continuous and systematical approach is adopted during the professional's training, evaluations concerning the hand hygiene are done throughout the academic life as well as healthcare professors bethink the topic.

[A story for children to help children with HIV understand the health-disease process]. / A história infantil como recurso na compreensão do processo saúde-doença pela criança com HIV.

This study analyzed how a story for children related to AIDS contributed to the understanding of the health-disease process of children with HIV. It was conducted at the Pediatric Clinic in Porto Alegre/RS from May to December 2011. The participants were five children aged between seven and nine years and their caregivers. The data were collected by a focal group through interviews and submitted to thematic content analysis. Two categories were found: identification with the story, relationship with the health-disease process, understanding of the story, and the health-disease process. The results demonstrated that stories for children are resources to talk about the health-disease process with children without revealing the diagnosis, leading them to understand their situation and the importance of treatment. We considered that this resource may be a strategy to help the caregivers and health professionals to initiate the process of revelation of diagnosis.

[Children living with AIDS and their experiences with antiretroviral therapy]. / Crianças que vivem com aids e suas experiências com o uso de antirretrovirais.

The purpose of this study was to find out how children who live with AIDS describe their experiences with antitetrovirals (ARV). This qualitative exploratory-descriptive study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of the STD Specialized Care Service, in the city of Porto Alegre, between May and July 2009, with children using ARV. Information was collected adopting the focus group method. The analysis was carried out by means of content analysis, which has evidenced the following categories: way of life of children with AIDS; Medication handling; expectations and feelings. The study made important contributions that must be further analyzed in relation to this theme in the child's universe. The adherence to ARV constitutes a challenge for both health professionals and the family. Knowing more about children's experiences and strategies can provide new ways of seeing, treating, and caring for this segment of the population.

[Child with HIV/AIDS: perception of the antiretroviral treatment]. / Criança com HIV/AIDS: percepção do tratamento antirretroviral.

This article presents a cutting from the multicentric study carried out in the municipalities of Porto Alegre and Santa Maria/ RS with the objective of unveiling the perception and the life experience of the child regarding the antiretroviral treatment. With qualitative approach, the study was carried out with seven children of five to ten years of age, in the period from 2006 to 2010, after approval by Committee National for Ethics in research and the Committees of Ethics in research. Based on the thematic analysis was obtained the results: the day-to-day life of the child with medicines; the family care upon the adhesion to the antiretroviral treatment; the professional care:perception of children with infection. Observation showed that the children face adversities, know and appreciate the treatment in spite of the paradoxical movement of rejection/acceptance expressed by the fight against the syndrome.

[Implications of using antiretroviral therapy on the life style of children with AIDS]. / Implicações do uso da terapia antirretroviral no modo de viver de crianças com Aids.

This descriptive, exploratory study was performed using a qualitative approach with the purpose of learning about the life style of children with AIDS and the implications that following a antiretroviral therapy have on them. Participants were five children with ages between 10 and 12 years. Data collection took place after the study was approved by the Review Board and was performed using the Focal Group technique. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis, from which three categories and respective subcategories emerged. This article addresses one of the categories: The child's involvement with the antiretroviral drugs. This category reveals how the children perceive and relate with the antiretroviral therapy. The study findings may serve as supporting information for health professionals, education programs about health care to children living with AIDS.

[Nursing care in situations of facial image alteration]. / O cuidado de enfermagem em situações de alteração da imagem facial.

This research studies how patients, nursing undergraduate students, and professors perceive the care of patients with facial image alterations, and the implications of this care to the education process. It followed an exploratory qualitative approach, and it was carried out in an university hospital in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between July 2008 and April 2009. Six patients with facial image alteration, seven nursing undergraduate students and five professors participated. Semistructured interviews and a focal group were used. The data were organized and submitted to the content analysis technique. Two categories were found: meaning of the altered facial image, and nursing education and care. The care to these patients is perceived as a complex, hard and striking experience, that constitutes a unique opportunity for the development of skills necessary to the nurse's education. It was observed the need to insert themes during education that address issues relevant to the needs of undergraduates, and enable them to reflect on their training experiences.

[Educational chat in nursing: possibilities of interaction in the virtual environment]. / Chat educacional em enfermagem: possibilidades de interação no meio virtual.

This documental case study was performed using a qualitative approach, and analyzed the dialogues of Nursing students in a context mediated by an educational chat in a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). The data consisted of eight discussions among students, professors and monitors of the Rio Grande do Sul Federal University College of Nursing on the TelEduc® VLE chat on the activity called Virtual Client. The data were categorized using NVivo® software; and the information was analyzed using the Content Analysis technique. The results revealed feelings such as anxiety, fear and motivation towards hospital practice, as well as the dichotomous position of students regarding the proposed activity: some enjoyed the virtual discussions, while others preferred having discussions in person. This article presents recommendations for using educational chats in Nursing education.

[Teaching strategies of nursing care: a look on pedagogical trends]. / Estratégias de ensino do cuidado em enfermagem: um olhar sobre as tendências pedagógicas.

To determine the teaching strategies adequate for the contents and concepts imbricated in care is a challenge for nursing educators. This qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study aimed to know the strategies applied to teach nursing care used by ten nurses, professors of the Nursing Department in a University in the metropolitan area of the city of Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The information was collected through the Focal Group technique, from June 2004 to March 2005. The thematic analysis of the data resulted in the category Strategies to Teach Care, with the sub-categories demonstration, exhibition, observation, and discussion. The evidences point to attempts of replacing the traditional content transmission notion, without however, effectively showing another pedagogical tendency. We can conclude that the technical competence is still privileged which leads to a disregard of the learning that aims at the development of a reflexive and critic stance.

Autonomy in nursing students process of knowledge construction: the educational chat as a teaching tool.

This documental study has the qualitative approach of a case study. It analyzes how autonomy has been developed in nursing students process of knowledge construction, in a context mediated by the use of educational chat in Learning Management Systems (LMS). The analyzed materials were eight discussions promoted by students, professors, and monitors in the chat session of TelEduc LMS. The software NVivo was used to categorize data and Content Analysis for the analysis of information. Data analysis used Freire as a reference point, revealing that nursing students need to develop their autonomy by acknowledging their incompleteness. Professors can aid this process by problematizing and developing critical dialogical relations. The potential of the educational chat as a pedagogical tool is highlighted because it encourages students to autonomously seek knowledge.

[The multiple social roles of female lay caretakers of hospitalized children]. / Os múltiplos papéis sociais de mulheres cuidadoras- leigas de crianças hospitalizadas.

This is a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory, and interventionist research carried out with nine female lay caretakers of children undergoing oncologic treatment. The objectives were to present the multiple social roles performed by female lay caretakers of children with cancer and to discuss the caretaker's role in society. The study was carried out between March and April, 2007, at Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The data collection was performed with the focal group technique. The results were examined through the analysis of thematic content, which evidenced the multiple social roles performed by women, the main group of caretakers in society, regardless of the context. Final considerations enhance a discussion in the educational, political and social levels about the redistribution of social roles, particularly family responsibility between men and women. The participation of the nursing staff can take place through the comprehension of those roles imposed by the context and facilitate family inclusion in the care relationship.

Female caregivers accompanying children with cancer in the hospital setting.

The possibility of having a companion is a constitutional right guaranteed to children, elderly and parturients. Independently of their stage in the life cycle, having a companion is a situation socially and culturally determined in Brazil. This is a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory and interventionist study that aims to describe and discuss the perceptions of female caregivers of children with cancer while accompanying them at the hospital. Data were collected through a focal group with nine women, between March and May, 2007 at a teaching hospital in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The thematic analyses shows the participants' passive and kind behavior in the face of daily adversities, reflection of the power and authority conditions of the institutional objectives, so common in health scenarios in the Brazilian reality. Emancipation could be reached through educative strategies, characterized by information and dissemination of users' rights as well as critical and demanding attitudes from the user when confronted.

[Patients with facial image alteration: care circumstances]. / Pacientes com alteração da imagem facial: circunstâncias de cuidado.

The purpose of this exploratory qualitative study is to understand how patients with altered facial image perceive care action and the circumstances that may influence their perception. The collection of data was carried out from August to October 2008, among patients from the head/neck clinic hospitalized in the surgical unit of the University Hospital of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The instrument used was the semi structured interview. The information was analyzed by content analysis and highlighted the following categories: (1) living with the changes and (2) care circumstances. Thus, we observed how difficult and suffering it is for patients to live with their changed facial images. As a result, it was concluded that patients need not only the professional, technical and scientific-based care, but also a care based on carefully guided human values, which should always be discussed, studied, respected and treated as an object of commitment and responsibility by nursing practitioners.

[Undergraduated nursing students' opinion about group work in online project]. / Aprendizagem de sinais vitais utilizando objetos educacionais digitais: opinião de estudantes de enfermagem.

The purpose of this study was to know undergraduated nursing students' opinions about the pedagogical practice in vital signs grounded on the problem-based learning approach presented in the form of digital educational objects. Ten individuals participated in the research, which used the methodology of a qualitative-case study. Data were obtained by means of semistructured interviews analyzed through thematic analysis. Three final categories were identified: computer-based learning, group work organization, and vital sign learning project evaluation. The activity was a new experience for the students, who considered it as positive because it facilitated both the access to contents and the communication between classmates. However students missed the physical presence of the professor. The group work was conducted in a collaborative way most of the time. The offering of computer-mediated activities associated to the problem-based learning methodology to nursing students has proven to be important.

Health conceptions under the perspective of lay caregiver women accompanying hospitalized children.

This study aims to present and discuss part of the findings of a research carried out at a teaching hospital. It is a qualitative descriptive-exploratory and interventionist study with nine lay caregiver women accompanying hospitalized children with cancer. Data were collected through the focal group technique, organized in the QSR Nvivo software and analyzed through thematic analysis. Results originated during the discussion on participants' health conceptions indicate the need to (re)think the rights of patients' companions and provide instruments to several social, political and institutional stakeholders in order to (re)plan health actions that can be developed during professionals' education and qualification in the context of health care, which can be the focus of discussion within diverse contexts of society.

Safety and protection for hospitalized children: literature review.

This narrative-descriptive review is about the safety/protection of hospitalized children who, due to their fragility, vulnerability and peculiar growth and development conditions need special attention from health professionals. This study aimed to identify knowledge production on safety, protection and violence to hospitalized children between 1997 and 2007. In total, 15 national and international articles were analyzed, using the key words: hospitalized child, safety, violence and nursing. This qualitative approach enabled the development of four categories: adverse occurrences; medication errors; notification of adverse occurrences; and safety of pediatric patients. Results indicate the need to develop strategies to reduce the probability of these events occurring during children's hospitalization, so that they do not suffer any problem neither violation of their fundamental rights.

[Perspectives about paternity by young male university students from the northern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul]. / Perspectivas de jovens universitários da Região Norte do Rio Grande do Sul em relação à paternidade.

Young men's view about paternity and the involvement with their future children is a bonding issue that is still incipient in our reality. The objective of this descriptive, qualitative and exploratory study was to study the perspectives that young male university students from the northern region of Rio Grande do Sul have about paternity, study their view about how they were raised and educated for paternity, and identify how the institutions (family, peers, school) influence their development and way of thinking. The study was performed at Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões, in Rio Grande do Sul, with eight young male university students. Subjects' ages ranged between 20 and 24 years. Data collection took place by focal group and interviews. Thematic analysis of the data appointed the importance of the family, the father's role, financial stability, the importance of the female partner, the role of matrimony, and the way of being a father while building their lives and paternity.

[Experiences of learning about nursing care]. / Vivências de aprendizagem do cuidado na formação da enfermeira.

The objective of this qualitative-exploratory was to learn about the process of developing knowledge in nursing care in terms of the experiences of the students who attend the seventh semester of a Nursing Course located in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from April to June/2007. Data collection was performed using the focal group technique and the information was analyzed using the thematic content analysis, which revealed one theme with three categories: Reflecting upon nursing education: the nurse's view: the knowledge of the profession; the process of education: learning about nursing care; and Expectations regarding the end of the course. The results showed that the care theme permeated the students' experiences, both implicitly and explicitly, although without a consistent philosophical and theoretical background.

[Trajectory of a research on the HIV/AIDS theme: limits and (im) possibilities]. / Trajetória de uma pesquisa com a temática HIV/AIDS: limites e (im) possibilidades.

The article presents the trajectory of a research group upon the development of the project funded by the Health Ministry, through the National HIV/AIDS/DST Program, named "Impact of adhesion to the anti-retroviral among children and adolescents under the perspective of the family, the child and the adolescent in the municipalities of Porto Alegre andSanta Maria, RS". With the objective of presenting the stages of the research, from its planning up to the phase of data collection, the study was carried out in two municipalities simultaneously, counting on 20 participants comprising researchers and scholarship students. The stages developed until the data collection were: inclusion of care and teaching professionals in the research nucleus; selection and training of scholarship students; elaboration of the instrument; elaboration of a manual team habilitation; application of the pilot test.