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1.
J Autism Dev Disord ; 50(10): 3638-3648, 2020 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31820344

RESUMEN

The current study explored whether people who camouflage autistic traits are more likely to experience thwarted belongingness and suicidality, as predicted by the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS). 160 undergraduate students (86.9% female, 18-23 years) completed a cross-sectional online survey from 8th February to 30th May 2019 including self-report measures of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness, autistic traits, depression, anxiety, camouflaging autistic traits, and lifetime suicidality. Results suggest that camouflaging autistic traits is associated with increased risk of experiencing thwarted belongingness and lifetime suicidality. It is important for suicide theories such as the IPTS to include variables relevant to the broader autism phenotype, to increase applicability of models to both autistic and non-autistic people.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Autístico/diagnóstico , Trastorno Autístico/psicología , Teoría Psicológica , Autoinforme , Estudiantes/psicología , Ideación Suicida , Adolescente , Ansiedad/diagnóstico , Ansiedad/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Masculino , Factores de Riesgo , Servicios de Salud para Estudiantes , Suicidio/psicología , Pensamiento , Adulto Joven
2.
Opt Express ; 15(19): 12017-29, 2007 Sep 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19547566

RESUMEN

The plasmon resonance-based optical trapping (PREBOT) method is used to achieve stable trapping of metallic nanoparticles of different shapes and composition, including Au bipyramids and Au/Ag core/shell nanorods. In all cases the longitudinal plasmon mode of these anisotropic particles is used to enhance the gradient force of an optical trap, thereby increasing the strength of the trap potential. Specifically, the trapping laser is slightly detuned to the long-wavelength side of the longitudinal plasmon resonance where the sign of the real component of the polarizability leads to an attractive gradient force. A second (femtosecond pulsed) laser is used to excite two-photon fluorescence for detection of the trapped nanoparticles. Two-photon fluorescence time trajectories are recorded for up to 20 minutes for single and multiple particles in the trap. In the latter case, a stepwise increase reflects sequential loading of single Au bipyramids. The nonlinearity of the amplitude and noise with step number are interpreted as arising from interactions or enhanced local fields amongst the trapped particles and fluctuations in the arrangements thereof.

3.
Autism Res ; 10(11): 1891-1904, 2017 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28685996

RESUMEN

Autism spectrum conditions (ASC) has recently been associated with increased risk of suicidality. However, no studies have explored how autistic traits may interact with current models of suicidal behavior in a non-clinical population. The current study therefore explored how self-reported autistic traits interact with perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness in predicting suicidal behavior, in the context of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS). 163 young adults (aged 18-30 years) completed an online survey including measures of thwarted belonging and perceived burdensomeness (Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire), self-reported autistic traits (Autism Spectrum Quotient), current depression (Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale), and lifetime suicidality (Suicide Behavior Questionnaire-Revised). Results showed that burdensomeness and thwarted belonging significantly mediated the relationship between autistic traits and suicidal behavior. Both depression and autistic traits significantly predicted thwarted belonging and perceived burdensomeness. Autistic traits did not significantly moderate the relationship between suicidal behavior and thwarted belonging or perceived burdensomeness. Results suggest that the IPTS provides a useful framework for understanding the influence of autistic traits on suicidal behavior. However, the psychometric properties of these measures need be explored in those with clinically confirmed diagnosis of ASC. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1891-1904. © 2017 The Authors Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. LAY SUMMARY: Recent research has shown that people with high autistic traits are more likely to attempt suicide. However, no studies have explored why. We found that people with high autistic traits were more likely to experience feelings that they do not belong in the world, are a burden on others, and depression, which may increase their likelihood of attempting suicide. These results suggest that promoting inclusion and independence in those with high autistic traits could help prevent people attempting suicide.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno del Espectro Autista/psicología , Relaciones Interpersonales , Suicidio/psicología , Suicidio/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Escalas de Valoración Psiquiátrica , Teoría Psicológica , Factores de Riesgo , Estudiantes/psicología , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Ideación Suicida , Intento de Suicidio , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto Joven
4.
Phys Rev Lett ; 84(11): 2513-6, 2000 Mar 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11018923

RESUMEN

We propose a new method of generating nonclassical optical field states. The method uses a semiconductor device, which consists of a single quantum dot as active medium embedded in a p- i- n junction and surrounded by a microcavity. Resonant tunneling of electrons and holes into the quantum dot ground states, together with the Pauli exclusion principle, produce regulated single photons or regulated pairs of photons. We propose that this device also has the unique potential to generate pairs of entangled photons at a well-defined repetition rate.

6.
Phys Rev Lett ; 86(17): 3903-6, 2001 Apr 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11329353

RESUMEN

The spontaneous emission from an isolated semiconductor quantum dot state has been coupled with high efficiency to a single, polarization-degenerate cavity mode. The InAs quantum dot is epitaxially formed and embedded in a planar epitaxial microcavity, which is processed into a post of submicron diameter. The single quantum dot spontaneous emission lifetime is reduced from the noncavity value of 1.3 ns to 280 ps, resulting in a single-mode spontaneous emission coupling efficiency of 78%.

7.
Phys Rev Lett ; 86(8): 1502-5, 2001 Feb 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11290178

RESUMEN

We demonstrate a new method for generating triggered single photons. After a laser pulse generates excitons inside a single quantum dot, electrostatic interactions between them and the resulting spectral shifts allow a single emitted photon to be isolated. Correlation measurements show a reduction of the two-photon probability to 0.12 times the value for Poisson light. Strong antibunching persists when the emission is saturated. The emitted photons are also polarized.

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