RESUMEN
Numerous studies have compared health services provided in rural and urban areas, and overall they have found that utilization is lower in rural areas. A significant factor in lower utilization is that rural residents have less access to health services. Much less is known about rural and urban utilization differences once a patient has access to a service provider. This paper focuses on preventive services received when a patient is already in a clinic. Using data from an in-depth qualitative study of 16 family practice clinics in Nebraska, comparisons of physician-specific preventive service rates are made across three geographic categories: rural, urban and suburban. Results from a one-way multivariate analysis of variance show that preventive services rates for nine services examined were as high or higher in rural areas, suggesting that rural health services do not lag for patients with access.
Asunto(s)
Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria , Servicios Preventivos de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Población Rural , Población Suburbana , Población Urbana , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Preescolar , Recolección de Datos , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Nebraska , Guías de Práctica Clínica como AsuntoRESUMEN
The Argentine health care system is more highly developed than most systems in Latin America and gives most of its citizens access to a reasonable level of care. Now after 50 years of government control the system is becoming privatized, which provides new possibilities for health care marketers. One company developed an innovative approach to pharmaceutical marketing in Argentina that, while perhaps not appropriate for the U.S. market, may reap rewards in certain cultures and provide lessons for others.
Asunto(s)
Atención a la Salud/organización & administración , Industria Farmacéutica/organización & administración , Comercialización de los Servicios de Salud/organización & administración , Argentina , Diversidad Cultural , Industria Farmacéutica/economía , Humanos , Innovación OrganizacionalRESUMEN
Increasingly, medical practices feel pressure to provide and communicate high quality patient care. Offering their insight on how a medical practice can improve quality, the authors describe the process of delivering medical care during patient encounters. Specifically, they present two methods that can be used to understand, evaluate, and improve interactions between patients and providers: medical practice blue prints and medical practice genograms.
Asunto(s)
Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria/normas , Cultura Organizacional , Administración de la Práctica Médica/normas , Evaluación de Procesos, Atención de Salud/métodos , Garantía de la Calidad de Atención de Salud/métodos , Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria/organización & administración , Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria/normas , Femenino , Humanos , Relaciones Interprofesionales , Masculino , Comercialización de los Servicios de Salud , Modelos Organizacionales , Satisfacción del Paciente , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
PIP: This study used data from the 1970 and 1975 National Fertility Surveys to ascertain the consistency between childlessness intentions and subsequent behavior and intentions. Of the 274 white US women who were childless and not pregnant at the time of the 1970 survey, 234 (85%) intended to have children at some point. However, by the time the 1975 re-interview, only 169 women (62%) had followed through with their intentions. In contrast, 38 (95%) of the 40 women who in 1970 intended no children had no children in 1975. Of the 65 women who expressed an expectation for children in 1970, but had no children by 1975, 22 had changed their intentions by 1975. These findings indicate that childless behavior exceeds childless intentions, with a significant proportion of women changing their intentions from expecting as least 1 child to intending zero parity over a relatively brief time span. Further analysis revealed that changing intentions from more than zero to zero parity is associated with high levels of education, a slightly higher income, a lesser degree of importance awarded to religion, and labor force participation. It is recommended that future studies focus on multiple correlations of childlessness.^ieng
Asunto(s)
Composición Familiar , Fertilidad , Matrimonio , Paridad , Adulto , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
This study is concerned with the debate over the supremacy of organizational versus environmental models for explaining population change within the context of metropolitan-nonmetropolitan turnaround migration. A sample of U.S. metropolitan areas is classified by a migration typology that considers sign changes or consistencies in rates of net migration between the 1960s and 1970s. "Four categories result and organizational, environmental and technological data are analyzed utilizing ridge regression with interaction terms to ascertain whether structural differences among migration categories exist." The study shows that organizational factors are more relevant for urban areas experiencing in-migration, and environmental factors are more relevant for those experiencing out-migration.
Asunto(s)
Emigración e Inmigración , Modelos Teóricos , Dinámica Poblacional , Población Urbana , Américas , Demografía , Países Desarrollados , Geografía , América del Norte , Población , Investigación , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
PIP: "The purpose of this paper is to explore the usage of demographic methods in applied demography [in the United States]. The reason for the exploration is to document the range of methods being used to help address a wide range of public and private sector opportunities and problems. A limited content analysis of applied studies is performed." (EXCERPT)^ieng
Asunto(s)
Demografía , Métodos , Investigación , Américas , Países Desarrollados , América del Norte , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
The U.S. health care industry has been hampered in the development of a mature marketing function in part due to characteristics unique to the industry. These characteristics include a lack of market data, poorly developed market research techniques, and a poor understanding of consumer behavior within the industry. Some of the deficiencies are being addressed through the development of an emerging field that is being referred to as "health demography." Health demography and those who have begun to refer to themselves as health demographers are drawing from the fields of demography, epidemiology, biostatistics, and the social sciences to formulate a new discipline uniquely related to the needs of today's health care marketers and planners. Those involved with health demography are developing databases and models for application to concrete problems in health care delivery. The development of this field is contributing to the advancement of the state of marketing in health care and serving to reduce many of the barriers that have retarded the development of a mature marketing function within the health care industry.
Asunto(s)
Áreas de Influencia de Salud , Demografía , Comercialización de los Servicios de Salud/tendencias , Recolección de Datos/métodos , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Predicción , Humanos , Sistemas de Información , Comercialización de los Servicios de Salud/métodos , Servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia en Hospital , Técnicas de Planificación , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Demographic conditions are a major component of the business environment in which health care marketers must compete. The following study assesses the impact of demographic factors on health care supply and finds that population size, population change, age structure, and income are important predictors of physician, hospital, and hospital bed supply. The results are discussed in the context of marketing implications.
Asunto(s)
Demografía , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Hospitales/provisión & distribución , Médicos/provisión & distribución , Capacidad de Camas en Hospitales , Análisis de Regresión , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
Physician and hospital service supply and demand issues lie at the forefront of healthcare policy today. Among the factors affecting state and local supply and demand is the often times overlooked impact that migration has had on interarea population size and composition. This paper discusses the role of migration in the restructuring of population in the context of health care needs. Significant in- or out-migration is shown to be strongly related to a discrepancy between physician and hospital supply and demand. The marketing implications of these imbalances are discussed.
Asunto(s)
Áreas de Influencia de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud/tendencias , Investigación sobre Servicios de Salud/tendencias , Hospitales/estadística & datos numéricos , Médicos/provisión & distribución , Humanos , Comercialización de los Servicios de Salud , Dinámica Poblacional , Factores Socioeconómicos , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
The patient satisfaction perspective has dominated recent marketing efforts to measure and understand health care quality. The authors propose a broader health care quality model that includes medical outcomes, access to health care services, and personnel dimensions along with patient satisfaction concerns as the foci of quality measurement. The model also encompasses important contextual factors that clearly affect the level of health care quality.
Asunto(s)
Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Satisfacción del Paciente , Calidad de la Atención de Salud , Investigación sobre Servicios de Salud , Relaciones Paciente-Hospital , Modelos Organizacionales , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estados UnidosRESUMEN
This paper addresses the issue of health market segment comparisons for the senior population. The analysis demonstrates how initial self-assessed health comparisons among three racial/ethnic categories can be adjusted to reflect compositional (age and income) differences among the three groups. The adjustments provide additional insight into the nature of these segments.