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1.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 32(5): 679-89, 2013 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23271674

RESUMEN

Empirical antifungal therapy is widely used in high-risk neutropenic hematology patients with fever persisting for more than 4 days. This clinical trial assessed whether immediate empirical therapy with voriconazole could lower the rates of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) compared with this approach. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study, patients with acute leukemia undergoing chemotherapy or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients were randomized to broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy plus voriconazole (immediate) or placebo (deferred) after the onset of neutropenic fever. If fever persisted for 96 h, patients were switched to open-label intravenous voriconazole; oral treatment was permitted after 96 h. The primary endpoint was the rate of proven/probable IFIs between Days 2 and 28 after fever onset in the modified intent-to-treat (mITT) complete-case population. One hundred and forty-seven patients were randomized to immediate (n = 81) or deferred (n = 66) voriconazole. In the mITT population, six patients in the immediate group and nine in the deferred group developed proven/probable IFI between Days 2 and 28 (p = 0.258). The safety profiles were similar in both groups. While immediate empirical therapy with voriconazole appears to be safe in febrile neutropenic high-risk patients, it was not associated with a significant reduction in IFIs compared with therapy deferred for 96 h after fever onset.


Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Fiebre/tratamiento farmacológico , Micosis/prevención & control , Neutropenia/tratamiento farmacológico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antifúngicos/efectos adversos , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Fiebre/sangre , Fiebre/microbiología , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Humanos , Leucemia/sangre , Leucemia/microbiología , Leucemia/terapia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Micosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Neutropenia/microbiología , Placebos , Pirimidinas/administración & dosificación , Pirimidinas/efectos adversos , Triazoles/administración & dosificación , Triazoles/efectos adversos , Voriconazol
2.
Clin Rheumatol ; 26(1): 112-4, 2007 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16429242

RESUMEN

Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) frequently occurs in children below the age of 15 years and is rare with increasing age. Prognosis and therapy largely depend on the clinical presentation. The disease may be preceded by an upper respiratory tract infection, and drugs have also been implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease. Most children recover from the illness, whereas 40% of adults have persistent hematuria and 10% develop chronic renal failure. Recent studies strongly suggest that adults with HSP should be monitored for prolonged periods and treated aggressively. Here, we present a case of a patient with HSP who developed multiorgan failure requiring assistance in breathing and dialysis, and also sustained gastrointestinal bleeding despite aggressive immunosuppressive therapy. In analogy to published data in children with severe HSP, the patient was treated by plasma exchange in combination with low dose oral cyclophosphamide, while high dose steroids were reduced over time. The patient could be discharged 70 days after admission. One year after discharge, the patient is doing well without any signs of activity of HSP and completely unremarkable renal function. The maintenance daily dose of steroids is 7.5 mg.


Asunto(s)
Vasculitis por IgA/terapia , Insuficiencia Multiorgánica/terapia , Plasmaféresis , Ciclofosfamida/uso terapéutico , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/complicaciones , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/terapia , Humanos , Vasculitis por IgA/complicaciones , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Intercambio Plasmático , Pronóstico , Resultado del Tratamiento
4.
Int J Clin Pract ; 60(10): 1310-2, 2006 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16981976

RESUMEN

Many different diseases have overlapping clinical symptoms. A major challenge in daily clinical practice is to differentiate between diseases associated with systemic inflammation, such as neoplasia, infection and autoimmune disease. We report on a 46-year-old Caucasian male with a 3-month history of rheumatoid arthritis presenting with dramatic weight loss and dysphagia. Computer tomography revealed multiple lesions in the liver and the spleen, strongly suggesting malignant disease of unknown origin. Surprisingly, on biopsy, the liver lesions drained pus. Workup revealed that the abscesses resulted from gastric perforation, which was the consequence of NSAR therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Antibiotic therapy was initiated, abscesses diminished and dysfunctional deglutition improved. This unique case demonstrates in a dramatic way the difficulties in daily clinical practice to differentiate between paraneoplasia, infection and autoimmune disease and the potentially life-threatening consequences of their therapy.


Asunto(s)
Artritis Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Hepatopatías/diagnóstico , Síndromes Paraneoplásicos/diagnóstico , Enfermedades del Bazo/diagnóstico , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Antirreumáticos/efectos adversos , Artritis Reumatoide/tratamiento farmacológico , Trastornos de Deglución/microbiología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Hepatopatías/microbiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades del Bazo/microbiología , Rotura Gástrica/inducido químicamente , Streptococcus intermedius/aislamiento & purificación , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Pérdida de Peso
5.
J Bacteriol ; 151(3): 1532-42, 1982 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6286602

RESUMEN

Three morphologically similar strains of halophilic, box-shaped procaryotes have been isolated from brines collected in the Sinai, Baja California (Mexico), and southern California (United States). Although the isolates in their morphology resemble Walsby's square bacteria, which are a dominant morphological type in the Red Sea and Baja California brines, they are probably not identical to them. The cells show the general characteristics of extreme halophiles and archaebacteria. They contain pigments similar to bacteriorhodopsin which apparently mediate light-driven ion translocation and photophosphorylation.


Asunto(s)
Halobacteriaceae/citología , Microbiología del Agua , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Bacteriorodopsinas/análisis , Carbonil Cianuro m-Clorofenil Hidrazona/farmacología , Halobacteriaceae/aislamiento & purificación , Halobacteriaceae/fisiología , Canales Iónicos , Consumo de Oxígeno , Fotofosforilación , Fotosíntesis , Pigmentos Biológicos/análisis , Cloruro de Potasio/farmacología , Cloruro de Sodio/farmacología
6.
J Bacteriol ; 171(2): 625-35, 1989 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2492511

RESUMEN

The Lactobacillus bulgaricus beta-galactosidase gene was cloned on a ca. 7-kilobase-pair HindIII fragment in the vector pKK223-3 and expressed in Escherichia coli by using its own promoter. The nucleotide sequence of the gene and approximately 400 bases of 3'- and 5'-flanking sequences was determined. The amino acid sequence of the beta-galactosidase, deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the gene, yielded a monomeric molecular mass of ca. 114 kilodaltons, slightly smaller than the E. coli lacZ and Klebsiella pneumoniae lacZ enzymes but larger than the E. coli evolved (ebgA) beta-galactosidase. The cloned beta-galactosidase was found to be indistinguishable from the native enzyme by several criteria. From amino acid sequence alignments, the L. bulgaricus beta-galactosidase has a 30 to 34% similarity to the E. coli lacZ, E. coli ebgA, and K. pneumoniae lacZ enzymes. There are seven regions of high similarity common to all four of these beta-galactosidases. Also, the putative active-site residues (Glu-461 and Tyr-503 in the E. coli lacZ beta-galactosidase) are conserved in the L. bulgaricus enzyme as well as in the other two beta-galactosidases mentioned above. The conservation of active-site amino acids and the large regions of similarity suggest that all four of these beta-galactosidases evolved from a common ancestral gene. However, these enzymes are quite different from the thermophilic beta-galactosidase encoded by the Bacillus stearothermophilus bgaB gene.


Asunto(s)
Clonación Molecular , Escherichia coli/genética , Galactosidasas/genética , Genes Bacterianos , Genes , Lactobacillus/genética , beta-Galactosidasa/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Codón/genética , Lactobacillus/enzimología , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mapeo Restrictivo , beta-Galactosidasa/biosíntesis , beta-Galactosidasa/aislamiento & purificación
7.
J Bacteriol ; 166(2): 635-43, 1986 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3009417

RESUMEN

The genes encoding the thermostable alpha-amylases of Bacillus stearothermophilus and B. licheniformis were cloned in Escherichia coli, and their DNA sequences were determined. The coding and deduced polypeptide sequences are 59 and 62% homologous to each other, respectively. The B. stearothermophilus protein differs most significantly from that of B. licheniformis in that it possesses a 32-residue COOH-terminal tail. Transformation of E. coli with vectors containing either gene resulted in the synthesis and secretion of active enzymes similar to those produced by the parental organisms. A plasmid was constructed in which the promoter and the NH2-terminal two-thirds of the B. stearothermophilus coding sequence was fused out of frame to the entire mature coding sequence of the B. licheniformis gene. Approximately 1 in 5,000 colonies transformed with this plasmid was found to secrete an active amylase. Hybridization analysis of plasmids isolated from these amylase-positive colonies indicated that the parental coding sequences had recombined by homologous recombination. DNA sequence analysis of selected hybrid genes revealed symmetrical, nonrandom distribution of loci at which the crossovers had resolved. Several purified hybrid alpha-amylases were characterized and found to differ with respect to thermostability and specific activity.


Asunto(s)
Bacillus/genética , Genes , Geobacillus stearothermophilus/genética , Isoenzimas/genética , alfa-Amilasas/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Bacillus/enzimología , Proteínas Bacterianas/análisis , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Secuencia de Bases , ADN Bacteriano/análisis , Escherichia coli/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Geobacillus stearothermophilus/enzimología
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