Changes, trends and challenges of medical education in Latin America.

This paper briefly reviews the current situation of Latin American medical schools and the search to improve the quality and professionalism of medical education through the region. Institutional evaluation and accreditation programs based on nationally ongoing developing standards have been accepted, now optimized and complemented by the framework of the Global & International Standards of Medical Education working jointly with the WFME. More recently, the process has evolved to look into the quality of the outcomes of the medicals as seen by examinations implemented at the end of medical studies and the initiation of medical practice. In addition, there is vision for the application of new programs such as the global minimum essential requirements advanced by the Institute for International Medical Education (IIME). The PanAmerican Federation of Associations of Medical Schools (PAFAMS), an academic, non-governmental organization, is fostering the exchange of ideas and experiences among members, associations and affiliated medical schools geared to focus on the quality and professionalism of the graduates of medical schools in Latin America. These actions also aim to consolidate databases of information on medical education and innovative endeavors in continuing professional education and development through e-learning projects in the region.

Experiencia estratégica internacional para el desarrollo profesional continuo y su impacto en la atención primaria de salud / An international strategic experience for continuing professional development and its impact on primary health care

A los dinámicos y profundos cambios científicos, tecnológicos, demográficos y epidemiológicos en el área de la salud, se unen demandas de la población para mejores y más eficientes servicios. Se da el hecho de que la educación médica de pregrado y posgrado no garantiza las competencias de forma indefinida, lo que hace necesarios mecanismos que aseguren una mejor calidad asistencial. El Consorcio Proyecto Global (PGC) sugiere una estrategia integral de educación médica continua y de desarrollo profesional continuo estructurada, simplificada, evaluada y acreditada para contribuir a enfrentar estos desafíos. Se ejecutó el proyecto en dos países como prueba piloto (Rusia y Venezuela). Se implementó en cinco fases: construcción de relaciones institucionales, determinación de necesidades educativas, implementación y medición del impacto, difusión del mensaje y expansión de experiencias, y ajuste e institucionalización del proyecto. Se involucró a un número significativo de médicos que trabajan en los servicios de atención primaria de salud. Se identificaron y probaron estándares globales de educación médica continua y desarrollo profesional continuo, y se diseñó un currículo nuclear, comenzando con el área cardiovascular, con el objeto de mejorar los niveles de conocimiento y la práctica de los médicos participantes, y evidenciarlo en cambios positivos en indicadores de los pacientes usuarios. Finalmente, se llegó a la etapa de institucionalización y reforzamiento continuo, en la cual el PGC funcionó como un proyecto piloto de intercambio internacional y como posible proveedor de educación médica continua y desarrollo profesional continuo, con alta calidad, costos razonables y acreditación académica

Project Globe Consortium (PGC) integrated one simplified strategy in continuing medical education and continuing professional development. It was designed as an answer to the fast and intense changes in science, technology, demography, epidemiology, the increasing demands of the population, and the changing role of physicians in the current health care systems, under the awareness that the undergraduate medical education does not guarantee the required competencies indefinitely thus implying the need of necessary mechanisms to ensure quality and professional healthcare. The project was implemented in two pilot countries (Russia and Venezuela). It was developed in five phases: building up on institutional relationships, identifying local champions; identifying educational needs; implementation and impact measurement; sharing the message and experiences; maturing adjustments and institutionalization of the project. A significant number of physicians working in primary health care settings were involved. Global standards of continuing medical education and continuing professional development were identified and tested. A core curriculum was designed, starting with cardiovascular risk factors, to improve knowledge levels and professional practice of the physicians involved, along with significant changes in patient indicators as biomarkers. Finally, the project reached the stage of institutionalization and continuous reinforcement in which the PGC represented an international networking and potential continuing medical education and continuing professional development, provider of, high quality, at reasonable costs and with academic accreditation

Formación de recursos humanos de niveles técnico y auxiliar para la salud / Instruction of health manpower technicians levels

Se intenta una revisión de los aspectos generales relacionados con la formación y utilización del recurso humano en los niveles técnicos que incluye las categorías y tipo de personal a ser insertado, necesidad de compatibilizar los esfuerzos de formación y desarrollo del recurso disponible en los servicios de salud