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1.
J Nurs Scholarsh ; 55(4): 792-804, 2023 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36537349

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The restrictions imposed during the management of the pandemic led to lack of care of other health problems. PURPOSE: To assess changes in the health status of complex multimorbidity elderly, functional and cognitive capacities, perception of the social surroundings, care provided by the nurses, including nursing diagnosis and interventions, use of health services, adverse events, and use of devices and technical help during the first 6 months of the Covid-19 pandemic. DESIGN: A 1-year longitudinal cohort study was conducted. METHODS: Ninety-seven complex multimorbid elderly attended in primary care were evaluated every 3 months in a health area of the Spanish National Health System (SNHS). The research was called "SAMAC3 study". RESULTS: Significant negative changes were observed in the functional and cognitive capacity of the elderly, and in several nursing diagnoses. A decrease was observed in the frequency of visit to the nurses, hospital admittance, length of hospital stays, and falls. CONCLUSIONS: The functional and cognitive capacities of the cohort became worse. However, a significant decrease in the frequency of use of health services was observed. The nurses detected significant changes in activity-exercise, cognitive-perception, and roles-relationships, but their interventions were mostly centered on resolving clinical matters that required immediate attention. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The present study allowed us to observe that a situation of social and health stress has worsened the health indicators of multimorbid elderly, and the clinical care of community nurses was insufficient to providing care for the deterioration of the physical and cognitive domains.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Humanos , Anciano , COVID-19/epidemiología , Pandemias , Multimorbilidad , Estudios Longitudinales , Estudios de Seguimiento
2.
BMC Nurs ; 22(1): 353, 2023 Oct 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37789299

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The audience response systems are being implemented to support active learning in nursing degree programs. The benefits of audience response systems have been studied in lecture-based classes and seminars, but their advantages or inconveniences when included in the debriefing phase of a high-fidelity clinical simulation have not been explored. The study aim was to discover student´s experience about using of interactive questions during debriefing, and the self-perceived effects on attention, participation and motivation. METHODS: A Mixed-methods study was used exploratory sequential design in a university. The participants were 4th-year students enrolled in the Nursing Degree in a university in Southern Spain. (1) Qualitative phase: a phenomenological approach was utilized, and focus groups were used for data-collection. (2) Quantitative phase: cross-sectional descriptive study using a questionnaire designed "ad hoc", on the experiences on the use of interactive questions in the debriefing phase and the Debriefing Experience Scale. RESULTS: (1) Qualitative phase: the students highlighted the facilitating role of the interactive questions during the reflection part of the debriefing, and mentioned that the interactive questions helped with stimulating attention, participation, and motivation during the analytical part of the debriefing; (2) Quantitative phase: it was observed that the best evaluated dimension was "Motivation", with a mean of 4.7 (SD = 0.480), followed by the dimension "Participation", with a mean of 4.66 (SD = 0.461), and lastly, the dimension "Attention", with a mean of 4.64 (SD = 0.418). CONCLUSIONS: The use of interactive questions contributed the attention, participation, and motivation of the students during the debriefing, contributing towards a highly satisfactory experience of high-fidelity clinical simulation.

3.
Aten Primaria ; 54(12): 102495, 2022 Dec.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36347122

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Adaptation and validation of the BTI-St© to assess the level of competence in brief tobacco intervention in general practitioners and nurses in Primary Health Care. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study of adaptation and psychometric validation of a criterion-referenced test. SETTING: Primary Health Care. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred fifty-five general practitioners and nurses working at Primary Health Care. INTERVENTIONS: Three clinical scenarios were designed. Using an online platform, participants first viewed each scenario in which brief tobacco intervention was given. Health professional had to assess whether or not the scenarios were carried out in accordance with the 5A+5R model. MAIN MEASURES: Competence in brief tobacco intervention measured by the BTI-Prof©. RESULTS: Results related to reliability were obtained through Kuder-Richardson coefficient, being for scenario 1, 0.880, for scenario 2, 0.829, and for scenario 3, 0.826. The test-retest shows adequate temporal stability: intraclass correlation coefficient for scenario 1 0.857 (95% CI 0.734-0.923), p<0.0001, for scenario 2 0.829 (95% CI 0.676-0.909), p<0.001, and for scenario 3 0.869 (95% CI 0.76-0.928), p<0.0001. CONCLUSIONS: The BTI-Prof© is a robust tool with adequate psychometric properties to assess competence in brief tobacco intervention in Primary Health Care general practitioners and nurses.


Asunto(s)
Médicos Generales , Nicotiana , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Transversales , Psicometría
4.
J Nurs Scholarsh ; 53(3): 358-368, 2021 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33555124

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Current literature provides poor information about the implementation of health-promoting clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and their longitudinal monitoring. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the longitudinal impact of a CPG implementation program that promotes breastfeeding, its associated quantitative and qualitative indicators, and direct costs. DESIGN: A mixed-methods design with a longitudinal approach was utilized, with an interrupted time series design and the analysis of reports from the implementation program as the qualitative approach. METHODS: The study setting was maternity and pediatric units of a health area in the Spanish health system. The implementation of a CPG for the promotion of breastfeeding was evaluated, which included a pre-implementation year (2011), 3 years of implementation (2012-2014), and 2 years of post-implementation (2015-2016). The sample was composed of mother-infant dyads. A segmented logistic regression analysis was utilized to evaluate the changes in the most important breastfeeding indicators. A deductive thematic content analysis was performed starting with quality indicators and a descriptive economic analysis. FINDINGS: In the 6 years of monitoring, 7,842 mother-infant dyads were recorded. The results of the quantitative indicators showed the presence of four stages: baseline, gain, adjustment, and sustainability or saturation. The breast milk at the first feeding had an increasing slope in the gain stage (24% per quarter; odds ratio [OR] = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-1.37). The exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge showed significant changes in the period of gain (OR = 2.45, 95% CI 1.95-3.08), which was maintained in the adjustment period, with an increase of 18% in the slope of the gain stage (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.06-1.32). The longitudinal distribution of the qualitative indicators showed a greater concentration of indicators towards the first half of each phase. The total cost was 209,575€ ($248,670.17). CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of the breastfeeding CPG showed early, positive, and sustained results in the exclusive breastfeeding rates. The implementation implied the application of a complex intervention, with its qualitative indicators showing a wave-shaped dynamic. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Our findings contribute to the understanding and evolution of the main indicators of the implementation of a breastfeeding CPG, providing details on the magnitude of the effect, the process of change, and the associated costs.


Asunto(s)
Lactancia Materna/estadística & datos numéricos , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Femenino , Unidades Hospitalarias , Humanos , Lactante , Análisis de Series de Tiempo Interrumpido , Estudios Longitudinales , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , Investigación Cualitativa , España
5.
J Nurs Manag ; 29(4): 794-804, 2021 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33259110

RESUMEN

AIMS: To discover the level of evidence-based practice competency of Spanish nurses, to develop a scale of the EBP-COQ-Prof© and to analyse the influence of different variables on the level of competency. BACKGROUND: The evidence-based practice competency has previously been assessed using a wide variety of instruments, although these have methodological limitations and lack associated scales that allow for the interpretation of the score obtained. METHOD: Observational, cross-sectional, national study. Using an online questionnaire, data were obtained between January and March 2020 from nurses working in the National Health System. An ANOVA was performed along with multiple regression analyses. The T-score and percentiles were calculated to obtain the scale of the EBP-COQ-Prof©. RESULTS: 2,942 nurses participated. The score for the evidence-based practice competency was 130.29 (standard deviation 17.55). The multiple regression analysis showed a model comprised of 8 variables that explained 33% of the variance. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish nurses have a moderate level of evidence-based practice competency. The scale classifies the subjects into 3 levels: low, moderate and high competency. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The scale proposed for the EBP-COQ-Prof© could be utilized to facilitate the diagnosis of evidence-based practice competency, and to monitor and plan individual and collective strategies to improve this competency.


Asunto(s)
Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia , Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Competencia Clínica , Estudios Transversales , Práctica Clínica Basada en la Evidencia , Humanos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
6.
J Nurs Manag ; 29(4): 699-709, 2021 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33128803

RESUMEN

AIM: To evaluate the changes produced after the application of the Best Practice Spotlight Organization® (BPSO® ) Program on the attitude towards the evidence-based practice, the nurses' perception of the organisational climate and nurse outcomes in a health area of the Spanish National Health System. BACKGROUND: There is limited research that associates strategies of evidence-based practice implementation with changes on the work environment and nurse outcomes. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that compared data on the nurses' perception of the work environment. Five guidelines were implemented between 2012 and 2015 in a health area. Data were collected in 2012 and 2016/2017, using a questionnaire consisting of five previously validated tools. X2 , t test, ANOVA and multivariate analysis were carried out. RESULTS: A total of 451 nurses participated. Compared with the baseline evaluation in 2012, several outcomes changed significantly (p < .001), nurses were younger and were more satisfied with "salary", "annual leaves" and "sick leave". The rest of the nurse outcomes were not modified. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses' perception of the work environment is favourable, although the application of the BPSO® Program has not produced any major changes. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Measures are suggested that are oriented towards the planning of staffing and the increase in the participation of the nursing staff in programmes of implementation of guidelines.


Asunto(s)
Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Organizaciones , Salarios y Beneficios , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Lugar de Trabajo
7.
Aten Primaria ; 53(7): 102050, 2021.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33892230

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To describe the Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) competency level in Primary Care (PC) nurses in Spain and to determine the associated factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, national survey design, carried out between January and March 2020. SETTING: PC in Spain. PARTICIPANTS: Seven hundred eighty PC active nurses in the National Health Service with at least one year of professional experience. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: (1) Sociodemographic, professional and access to scientific information variables; (2) outcome variable: EBP competency (attitude, knowledge, skills and utilization) assessed through the EBP-COQ Prof© questionnaire. Bivariate and multiple lineal regression analyses were carried out. RESULTS: The mean score for the EBP competency of the PC nurses was 131.5 (standard deviation [SD] 17.0), according to dimensions: attitude 36.8 (SD 3.6); knowledge 38.2 (SD 8.9); skills 23.0 (SD 3.5); and utilization 33.3 (SD 6.1). The number of articles read in the last month has showed the most influence on all the EBP-COQ Prof© dimensions, followed by EBP training (more than 150h) and nursing students mentoring. The education level (master, specialist and doctorate) is associated with knowledge and skills dimensions, meanwhile belonging to a BPSO® center is associated with the EBP utilization. CONCLUSIONS: These findings can guide PC service managers to plan strategies that improve the EBP competency level of the nurses, aimed mainly at achieving real application in clinical practice. However, it is necessary to consider the possible impact of selection bias on the results.


Asunto(s)
Enfermería de Atención Primaria , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Competencia Clínica , Estudios Transversales , Práctica Clínica Basada en la Evidencia , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Atención Primaria de Salud , España , Medicina Estatal , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
8.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs ; 18(3): 226-233, 2021 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34031973

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Consensus on evidence-based practice (EBP) competencies and associated learning outcomes for registered nurses has not yet been achieved in the European context. AIMS: To establish a set of core EBP competencies for nurses and the most important EBP learning outcomes encompassing attitudes, knowledge, and skills dimensions for implementation into nursing education in European countries. METHODS: A multi-phase modified Delphi survey was conducted: Phase 1, a literature review; Phase 2, a two-round consensus of experts; and Phase 3, a Delphi survey. Experts from six European countries participated. RESULTS: In Phase 1, 88 records were selected and 835 statements extracted, which were grouped according to the seven steps of EBP. After removing 157 duplicates, the remaining competencies (n = 678) were evaluated in Phase 2. Then, a two-round expert consensus was reached, with 24 competencies and 120 learning outcomes identified and divided into affective, cognitive, and skills domains. In Phase 3, based on a Delphi survey expert consensus, all evaluated statements were included in a final set of competencies and learning outcomes. Only two learning outcomes were recommended for allocation to a different domain, and four were reformulated as suggested, with no further changes to the others. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: The set of EBP competencies and learning outcomes can guide nurse educators, managers, and EBP stakeholders in the development of content that incorporates EBP knowledge, skills, and attitudes into educational programs. Prioritizing the EBP competencies and learning outcomes that are most necessary and adapting them to every context will provide healthcare organizations with guidelines for enhancing the continuing education of nurses. These results could facilitate the development of effective tools for assessing nursing students' and nurses' perception of competencies required for EBP processes.


Asunto(s)
Competencia Clínica/normas , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/psicología , Enseñanza/normas , Consenso , Técnica Delphi , Europa (Continente) , Práctica Clínica Basada en la Evidencia/métodos , Humanos , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/estadística & datos numéricos , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Enseñanza/psicología
9.
J Nurs Manag ; 28(7): 1670-1685, 2020 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32770811

RESUMEN

AIM: To examine the perceptions and experiences of health care professionals and mothers in relation to the implementation of a breastfeeding clinical practice guideline (CPG). BACKGROUND: Breastfeeding CPG applications remain limited, and qualitative studies have indicated the need to overcome the perception by professionals of difficulties in applying recommendations. METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in a Spanish public hospital that implemented the Registered Nurses´ Association of Ontario breastfeeding CPG from 2012 through 2015. Between May and August 2017, 27 semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers, with professionals in maternity and paediatric departments and with mothers. Deductive content analysis was performed following the stages in the Knowledge-To-Action (KTA) Framework. RESULTS: We obtained five main categories: (a) problem as opportunity; (b) adequate context and adapted recommendations; (c) extent of implementation; (d) impact of results; and (e) knowledge use normalization. CONCLUSIONS: The KTA Framework assists understanding of the participation of the main actors in breastfeeding CPG implementation. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The nature of the interventions and the participation of managers, different professionals and mothers in a multi-unit setting generate a complex implementation process that reveals key factors to be taken into account in future CPG implementations.


Asunto(s)
Lactancia Materna , Madres , Niño , Femenino , Personal de Salud , Humanos , Ontario , Embarazo , Investigación Cualitativa
10.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs ; 17(5): 366-375, 2020 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33089629

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The availability of valid and reliable instruments, based on current competency frameworks, is essential to respond to the need for accurate measurement of the competency of registered nurses in evidence-based practice (EBP). AIMS: To develop and validate a questionnaire capable of measuring EBP competencies in registered nurses following the competency framework developed by Melynk et al. (2014). METHODS: The study was developed in two stages: (a) creation of the questionnaire based on an operational definition of the construct, its face, and content validation by 10 experts, and cognitive piloting; (b) psychometric evaluation of the questionnaire by a cross-sectional, and multicenter study between February and November 2018. Analyses were conducted of the questionnaire's reliability and construct validity (exploratory [EFA] and confirmatory [CFA] factor analyses). RESULTS: First phase: The initial version of EBP-COQ© Prof contained 50 items grouped into four dimensions (attitudes, knowledge, skills, and utilization). After two expert validation rounds, a 35-item version was obtained with content validity index of 0.86. Second phase: The questionnaire was completed by 579 nurses; EFA with PROMAX rotation revealed that the four-factor model had the best fit (χ2  = 311.32; p = .001, root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.000, 90% confidence interval [CI] = 0.000 - 0.010; comparative fit index [CFI] = 1), and it showed a good CFA fit index: CFI = 0.932, and RMSEA = 0.093 (90% CI = 0.097 - 0.108). Cronbach's α for each factor ranged from 0.817 (factor III) to 0.948 (factor II). LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: EBP-COQ Prof© is a valid, reliable, and easily administered questionnaire that measures the self-perceived competency of registered nurses in EBP based on an updated and specific competency framework. It permits the independent evaluation of attitudes, knowledge, and skills related to EBP and of its utilization in hospital and primary care settings, allowing the monitoring of compliance with EBP.


Asunto(s)
Competencia Clínica/normas , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/estadística & datos numéricos , Psicometría/normas , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/normas , Competencia Clínica/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Psicometría/instrumentación , Psicometría/métodos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Encuestas y Cuestionarios/estadística & datos numéricos
11.
Birth ; 46(1): 146-156, 2019 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30051575

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The prevalence and duration of breastfeeding are at low levels and may be improved by the support of health care professionals. Our objective was to determine the effect of implementing a breastfeeding clinical practice guideline on factors associated with breastfeeding support by health care professionals, adopting a Theory of Planned Behavior approach. METHODS: We conducted an observational, cross-sectional study during 2016 in a health area with implemented clinical practice guideline on breastfeeding, comparing the results with data from a previous cross-sectional study (2011) in the same area, in a standard-care area, and in a Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI)-accredited area. A validated questionnaire (four scales: attitudes, beliefs, subjective norms, and behavioral intention) was completed by professionals in each area. Descriptive analysis was followed by comparisons among the different settings using the chi-square test. RESULTS: In the area with the implemented clinical practice guideline, the professionals scored significantly higher in subjective norms and beliefs than had been recorded in 2011 (preimplementation), and their scores for all four scales were significantly higher than in the standard-care area. Professionals obtained significantly higher scores for subjective norms in the BFHI-accredited area than in the other settings. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical practice guideline implementation improved the responses of professionals on breastfeeding support in subjective norms and beliefs scales. There is a need for activities to assist breastfeeding in a practical manner and for more effective measures to ensure compliance with the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes.


Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Lactancia Materna , Adhesión a Directriz , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Práctica Clínica Basada en la Evidencia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Evaluación de Programas y Proyectos de Salud , España , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Adulto Joven
12.
J Nurs Manag ; 27(6): 1294-1303, 2019 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31145500

RESUMEN

AIM: To detect possible changes in perception of the nurse work environment, job satisfaction and burnout between the years 2009 and 2014 among nurses working in the Spanish National Health System. BACKGROUND: The global economic crisis has had a great impact on nurses in the Spanish National Health Service: tougher working conditions, lower pay and a reduction in social benefits. It is not known whether these changes affect the nurses' work environment, job satisfaction and burnout. METHOD: Comparative, cross-sectional study performed in seven hospitals in the Spanish National Health System between 2009 and 2014, through 1,454 surveys of nurses working in internal medicine, surgery and intensive care. RESULTS: Nurses participating in the second period (2012-2014) were more satisfied with their current job (p = 0.001), perceived their work environment to be more favourable (p < 0.001) and had lower levels of burnout (p < 0.01). Professional factors as 'autonomy at work,' 'opportunities for advancement,' 'professional status' and 'nursing foundations for quality care,' as well as 'collegial nurse-physician relations' and 'nurse participation in hospital affairs' were the most important variables associated with these topics. CONCLUSIONS: Professional factors may influence these changes more than labour conditions and remuneration aspects. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: In times of economic recession, encouraging interpersonal relationships, autonomy and participation in decision-making may improve the work environment, satisfaction and burnout of nurses.


Asunto(s)
Recesión Económica/tendencias , Lugar de Trabajo/normas , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Empleo/métodos , Empleo/normas , Empleo/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Satisfacción en el Trabajo , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Programas Nacionales de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , España , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
13.
AIDS Behav ; 20(6): 1360-9, 2016 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26584813

RESUMEN

The Screenphiv, a screening measure for psychological issues related to HIV, was psychometrically tested in a study involving 744 HIV-infected people in Spain. Participants ages 18-82 (M = 43.04, 72 % men, 28 % women) completed an assessment protocol that included the Screenphiv and the MOS-HIV. A trained interviewer also collected relevant illness-related clinical data and socio-demographics from the participants. A confirmatory factor analysis was used to evaluate the goodness of fit of the Screenphiv's theoretical model and confirmed six first-order factors and two second-order factors [RMSEA (IC 90 %) = 0.07 (0.07-0.08)]. No floor or ceiling effects were observed for the scores. Cronbach's alphas were acceptable for all of the factors (from 0.65 to 0.92). Criterion-related validity also achieved; Screenphiv scores were related to socio-demographic and clinical variables and MOS-HIV summary scores. The Screenphiv is a reliable and valid measure, ready to use in research and clinical settings in Spain.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por VIH/psicología , Satisfacción Personal , Psicometría/instrumentación , Calidad de Vida , Perfil de Impacto de Enfermedad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/psicología , Adaptación Psicológica , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Análisis Factorial , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Psicometría/métodos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Apoyo Social , España , Adulto Joven
14.
Aten Primaria ; 47(4): 213-9, 2015 Apr.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25155896

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To know the expectations and user experiences of older Roma women with health services in primary care (PC). DESIGN: Phenomenological qualitative study. Using focus groups (4-9 women/group) and semistructured interviews. Audio recorded from March to November 2011. LOCATION: Performed in Úbeda and Linares (Spain). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: Roma women over 50years. A purposive sample stratified by age and area of residence was carried out. Woman were recruited through community leaders. METHOD: Process of qualitative content analysis: coding, triangulation, obtain and verify results. Supported whit the software Nvivo 8. RESULTS: Three focus groups and four interviews were conducted, including 23 women. The expectations for the PC are focus exclusively on their physician, being invisible other professionals. They look for a relationship with their physician based on trust. In their user experience with the PC coexist three types of user: who goes to their appointments, demands attention only in acute disease and does not attend appointments and reviews. There are socio-cultural factors related to accessibility. CONCLUSIONS: Older Roma women set their expectations and experiences with health service in PC around the binomial disease/physician. Expect attention based on trust and a high instrumentalization. A speech with signs of change directed towards a more active and demanding participation in PC services is observed.


Asunto(s)
Servicios de Salud , Satisfacción del Paciente , Atención Primaria de Salud , Romaní , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , España
15.
Aten Primaria ; 47(7): 419-27, 2015.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25559566

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a questionnaire on the integral assessment of the habits and knowledge in personal hygiene in children between 7 to 12 years old in the educational, social and health environment. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study for the validation of a questionnaire. LOCATION: One primary and secondary school and one children's home in the Region of Murcia, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 86 children were included (80 from a primary and secondary school; 6 from a children's home), as well as 7 experts. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Content validation by experts; qualitative assessment; identify difficulties related to some questions, item response analysis, and test-retest reliability. RESULTS: After the literature search, 20 tools that included items related to child body hygiene were obtained. The researchers selected 34 items and drafted 48 additional ones. After content validity by the experts, the questionnaire (HICORIN®) was reduced to 63 items, and consisted of 7 dimensions of child personal hygiene (skin, hair, hands, oral, feet, ears, and intimate hygiene). After with the children some terms were adapted to improve their understanding. Only two items had non-response rates that exceeded 10%. The test-retest showed that 84.1% of the items had between very good and moderate reliability. CONCLUSIONS: HICORIN® is a reliable and valid instrument that integrally assesses the habits and knowledge in personal hygiene in children between 7-12 years old. It is applicable in educative and social and health environments and in children from different socioeconomic levels.


Asunto(s)
Hábitos , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Higiene , Autoinforme , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , España
16.
Worldviews Evid Based Nurs ; 12(4): 199-207, 2015 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26220505

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Barriers to the implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) by nursing professionals include a lack of knowledge, inadequate skills in searching for and appraising evidence, and consulting research articles. However, few studies have addressed the effectiveness of educational interventions to improve their competence. AIMS: To evaluate the effectiveness of a brief basic online and face-to-face educational intervention to promote EBP attitudes, knowledge and skills, and practice in clinical care nurses. METHODS: This study was quasi-experimental, pretest-posttest design with a comparison group. The sample included registered nurses enrolled in the free continuing education courses offered in 2013 by the Nursing Council of Jaén (Spain). The study included 109 participants (54 in the intervention group and 55 in the comparison group). The intervention was a brief, basic EBP course with online and face-to-face learning. The comparison group received an educational intervention with different content. The evidence-based practice questionnaire (EBPQ) was used to evaluate EBP attitude, knowledge and skills, and practice before the intervention, and at 21 and 60 days following the intervention. Two-way mixed analysis of variance was conducted. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between intervention and comparison groups in the knowledge and skills dimension. The difference between groups was not significant in the EBP practice dimension. Both groups had high scores in the attitude dimension that did not change after the intervention. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION: A brief basic educational intervention on EBP with online and face-to-face learning can produce improvements in the knowledge and skills of clinical nurses.


Asunto(s)
Competencia Clínica , Curriculum/normas , Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia/educación , Enfermería/normas , Enseñanza/normas , Actitud del Personal de Salud , Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia/métodos , Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia/normas , Humanos , Conocimiento , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Enseñanza/métodos
17.
J Adv Nurs ; 70(1): 211-9, 2014 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23834526

RESUMEN

AIMS: To determine how prevalent circadian rhythm impairments are in nurses working in medical, surgical and intensive care units in five Spanish hospitals and how the quality of night-time sleeping and sleepiness affect the nurses' morning and evening chronotypes. BACKGROUND: Shift work is a recognized work pattern for nurses in all countries. Given the important role that nurses play in hospital care, it is vital to establish what repercussions this has on the nurses' working schedules and how any disturbance in circadian rhythm affects patient safety. DESIGN: A multicentre, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in seven hospitals in the Spanish National Health System. METHOD: A stratified sample of 1,300 nurses is being collected in three types of units: medical, surgical and intensive care. The 3-year study started in January 2012 and will continue until December 2014, with no exclusion criteria. The Kronowise(®) will be used to monitor the nurses' circadian rhythms, by recording their activity, position and wrist temperature. We will also use three questionnaires to evaluate sleep quality, daytime drowsiness and chronotype: (a) Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index; (b) Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale; and (c) Morning and Evening Questionnaire. Data will be collected from each hospital and statistical analysis will be carried out using the SPSS 19.0. DISCUSSION: The study findings will show the current state of the nurses' circadian rhythms and how shift work can affect them and their job performance. Funding for this 3-year study was granted in December 2011 by the Spanish Health Research Fund (PI 11/00646, Health Ministry). This project is also funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (RETICEF, RD12/0043/0011, RD12/0043/0006).


Asunto(s)
Ritmo Circadiano/fisiología , Personal de Enfermería en Hospital/estadística & datos numéricos , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/etiología , Tolerancia al Trabajo Programado/fisiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermeras Obstetrices/estadística & datos numéricos , Enfermeras y Enfermeros/estadística & datos numéricos , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , España/epidemiología
18.
Aten Primaria ; 46(9): 483-91, 2014 Nov.
Artículo en Español | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24768655

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine the attitudes of physicians and registered nurses in the Andalusian Public Health System towards preventive and health promotion (PHP) interventions in the context of Primary Health Care and the relationship with occupational variables and self-reported competence in PHP. DESIGN: Multicenter, observational, descriptive study. LOCATION: Primary Health Care (PHC), Andalusia, Spain. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 282 professionals (physicians and nurses) from 22 Healthcare centers of the Andalusian public health system and who participated in the validation of CAPPAP were included. PRINCIPAL MEASUREMENTS: The attitude of physicians and registered nurses towards PHP activities consisted of five dimensions: improvements necessary, perception of peers attitude, importance, obstacles, and improvement opportunities. The validated CAPPAP questionnaire was used. Occupational variables and questions about self-reported competence in PHP were also included. RESULTS: All dimensions of CAPPAP exceeded the midpoint of the scale (2.5), with their values varying between 3.06 (SD: 0.76) in "improvement necessary", and 4.39 (SD: 0.49) in "importance". The self-declared social, occupational, and competences variables have a statistically significant relationship with the dimensions of the attitude of the professionals except: job experience in PHC, training and implementation of scheduled PHP activities. CONCLUSIONS: The attitudes of physicians and registered nurses towards PHP activities are acceptable, and work must be done to sustain it. Healthcare organizations should implement interventions adapted to different professional profiles. They should also increase activities to improve professional skills in order to provide the appropriate care.


Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Servicios Preventivos de Salud , Atención Primaria de Salud , Adulto , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Promoción de la Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermeras y Enfermeros , Médicos
19.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 12(18)2024 Sep 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39337236

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Communication skills (CSs) and evidence-based practice (EBP) are key foundations for offering personalized and quality nursing care. CS that results in open communication is fundamental for applying EBP. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to assess the relationship between the acquisition of EBP competencies and learning CS after taking an EBP course in the nursing degree. METHODS: Pre-test-post-test quasi-experimental study without a control group. The study population comprised fourth-year undergraduate nursing students. Before and after an EBP course, students completed a questionnaire on CS competence (HP-CSS) and EBP competence (EBP-COQ). The EBP course lasts for 15 weeks, with 150 h of work for the student. Out of these 150 h, 60 are conducted in person, while the remaining 90 h are for independent or group work, utilizing the flipped classroom methodology. Bivariate, correlational, pairwise Student's t-test, and linear regression multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS: The sample was composed of 153 students. After completing the EBP course, there was a statistically significant improvement in informative communication (p = 0.046) and assertiveness (p = 0.018). However, there were no observed changes in empathy, respect, and the total score of the CS competence. The results from the multivariate analysis showed that the dimensions of attitude towards EBP and EBP knowledge had a positive relation to three of the four dimensions of the CS and overall competence. Regarding the students' variables and characteristics, admission through special programs for athletes and older students (p < 0.001) and being female (p = 0.004) were positively statistically associated with empathy. CONCLUSIONS: EBP training positively affects the development of CS in nursing students, as shown by significant improvements in the total scores of the CS and the dimensions of informative communication and assertiveness after the intervention. This study demonstrates the initial applicability and usefulness of an EBP training program for the development of CS in nursing students.

20.
J Clin Med ; 13(18)2024 Sep 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39337091

RESUMEN

Background/Objectives: Population aging poses many challenges to public health, highlighting loneliness and social isolation as severe problems that affect the physical and mental health of older adults. During the COVID-19 pandemic, these became aggravated. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of loneliness and its relationship with social isolation, depression, cognitive deterioration, sleep quality, and the level of physical mobility and functioning of older adults in Health Area 3 of the Region of Murcia. Methods: A descriptive, observational, and cross-sectional study was performed. The inclusion criteria were age ≥ 65, living in Health Area 3 of the Region of Murcia, and not being institutionalized. The following variables were evaluated: sociodemographic variables, loneliness (UCLA scale), social isolation (DUFSS), depression (GDS), cognitive deterioration (Pfeiffer), sleep quality (PSQI), and mobility (Barthel index). A univariate and multivariate regression model was created to examine how the dependent variable was related to the independent variables. Results: A total of 102 older adults participated in the study. Of these, 31.4% perceived unwanted loneliness and 14.7% low social support. The multivariate regression analysis showed that social isolation, geriatric depression, and cognitive deterioration were significant predictors of loneliness. Conclusions: The findings highlight the importance of developing multifaceted interventions that address not only social isolation but also other interrelated factors such as depression, cognitive deterioration, and sleep quality. The strategies should be centered on community programs and support networks. It is fundamental to perform longitudinal studies to better understand the causal relationships between these variables.

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