RESUMEN
Brivaracetam is a newer antiseizure medication than levetiracetam. It has a more selective action on the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A binding site, and it seems to provide a more favorable neuropsychiatric profile. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and tolerability of an overnight switch from levetiracetam to brivaracetam. This was a retrospective descriptive study including patients with epilepsy treated with levetiracetam, who switched due to inefficacy or previous adverse events (AEs). In total, forty-one patients were included (mean age 40.9 ± 17.8 years, women 48.8%). Focal epilepsy represented 75.6% (n = 31) of patients (structural cause [n = 25], unknown cause [n = 6]). Four patients had idiopathic generalized epilepsy, two had developmental and epileptic encephalopathy and four patients were unclassified. The reason to start brivaracetam was inefficacy in 53.7% (n = 22), AEs in 65.9% (25/27 neuropsychiatric) and both in 19.5% (n = 8). Brivaracetam-related AEs were reported in 24.4%. Neuropsychological AEs associated with the previous use of levetiracetam improved in 76% of patients. Treatment was discontinued in 19.5% patients. Patients' reported seizure frequency improved, worsened and remained stable in 26.8%, 12.2%, and 61.0% of the cases, respectively. An overnight switching to brivaracetam is safe and well tolerated. This treatment can improve levetiracetam-related neuropsychiatric AEs.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Quality of life (QoL) is an important aspect in the treatment of patients with epilepsy. AIM: To analyse the QoL using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-10 (QOLIE-10) in adults with idiopathic generalised epilepsy and to study factors associated with a worse QoL. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, multicentre, observational study conducted by 141 neurologists in all the autonomous communities of Spain. Each researcher analysed the QOLIE-10 of two males and two females over 18 years of age with idiopathic generalised epilepsy seen consecutively in public or private practice. The results were standardised: 0 was the worst QoL and 100 was the best. RESULTS: A total of 546 patients were analysed. Women: 51.1% (n = 279). Mean age: 36 ± 15.3 years old (18-87). Childhood absence seizures: 7.5% (n = 41); juvenile absence seizures: 9.2% (n = 50); juvenile myoclonic seizures: 29.8% (n = 163); only tonic-clonic seizures: 53.5% (n = 292). Monotherapy: 63.2% (n = 345). Seizure-free in the last year: 53.1% (n = 290). Psychiatric comorbidity: anxiety: 28.4% (n = 155); depression: 14.1% (n = 77); attention deficit: 10.1% (n = 55). Employment status: in active employment: 47.2% (n = 258); student: 20% (n = 109); housewife/husband: 7.3% (n = 40); pensioner: 10.2% (n = 56); unemployed: 14.3% (n = 78). Marital status: married or in a relationship: 49.1% (n = 268); single: 43.7% (n = 239). Mean score on the QOLIE-10: 71.4 ± 19.1. Being female (p = 0.006), greater frequency of seizures (p < 0.001), polytherapy (p < 0.001), psychiatric comorbidity (p < 0.001) and unemployment (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with a worse QoL. CONCLUSIONS: The QoL of patients with idiopathic/genetic generalised epilepsy is affected by poor seizure control, psychiatric comorbidity and unemployment, and women are more affected than men.
TITLE: Calidad de vida en pacientes adultos con epilepsia generalizada idiopática. Estudio EPILAK.Introducción. La calidad de vida (CV) es un aspecto importante en el tratamiento de los pacientes con epilepsia. Objetivo. Analizar la CV mediante el Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-10 (QOLIE-10) en adultos con epilepsia generalizada idiopática y estudiar factores asociados a una peor CV. Pacientes y método. Estudio transversal, multicéntrico, observacional, realizado por 141 neurólogos de todas las comunidades autónomas de España. Cada investigador analizaba el QOLIE-10 de dos varones y dos mujeres mayores de 18 años con epilepsia generalizada idiopática visitados de forma consecutiva en consulta pública o privada. Los resultados se estandarizaron: 0 era la peor CV y 100, la mejor. Resultados. Se analizó a 546 pacientes. Mujeres: 51,1% (n = 279). Edad media: 36 ± 15,3 años (18-87). Ausencias infantiles: 7,5% (n = 41); ausencias juveniles: 9,2% (n = 50); mioclónica juvenil: 29,8% (n = 163); sólo crisis tonicoclónicas: 53,5% (n = 292). Monoterapia: 63,2% (n = 345). Libres de crisis en el último año: 53,1% (n = 290). Comorbilidad psiquiátrica: ansiedad: 28,4% (n = 155); depresión: 14,1% (n = 77); déficit de atención: 10,1% (n = 55). Condición laboral: trabajador/a en activo: 47,2% (n = 258); estudiante: 20% (n = 109); amo/a de casa: 7,3% (n = 40); pensionista: 10,2% (n = 56); en paro: 14,3% (n = 78). Estado civil: casado/a o en pareja: 49,1% (n = 268); soltero/a: 43,7% (n = 239). Puntuación media en el QOLIE-10: 71,4 ± 19,1. Sexo femenino (p = 0,006), mayor frecuencia de crisis (p menor de 0,001), politerapia (p menor de 0,001), comorbilidad psiquiátrica (p menor de 0,001) y desempleo (p menor de 0,001) se asociaron de forma significativa con una peor CV. Conclusiones. La CV de los pacientes con epilepsia generalizada idiopática/genética está afectada por el mal control de las crisis, la comorbilidad psiquiátrica y el desempleo, y las mujeres presentan una mayor afectación que los hombres.