[Effects of laser radiation on the periodontium. An animal model approach. Effects of usual radiation dosage]. / Efectos de la radiación láser sobre el periodonto. Aproximación en un modelo animal. Efecto de las dosis habituales de irradiación.

Twenty four albino mice of forty days old were selected. Twelve forty days old albino mice were irradiated with a Helium-Neon laser source, dose of 10.50566 Jul/cm2. They were divided in two groups according to time of animal sacrifice (immediately after irradiation and ten days after). As control were used twelve mice using the same time as the experimental groups, but without radiation. T.E.M. ultrathin sections showed alteration only in the conjunctiva and in the bone tissues, but not in the epithelial tissue. The bone showed two osteocyte population according to their response to irradiation. The first population showed characteristic comparable with the controls, and the second showed alterations suggestive of a degenerative process. The connective tissue also showed two fibroblasts populations, the first showed signs of a big synthesizing activity, and the second, degenerative signs. The first fibroblast population appeared in the animals sacrificed immediately after irradiation.

[Osseointegration of IMZ implants. Ultrastructural analysis of a case]. / Oseointegración de los implantes IMZ. Análisis ultraestructural de un caso.

A study with scanning electron microscope of an osseointegrated titanium implants (IMZ) was performed, analyzing the characteristics of the interface bone--titanium oxid. It was observed that the characteristics of the interface were similar to the ones shown by other devices whose design is different (Branemark system). The present study confirms that an adequate surgical technique and a satisfactory post-operation on phase (in which the implant is free of load) lead to the osseointegration of the implant; this facts is proved by the absence of mobility of the device, and also by structural findings typical of normal osseous tissue.

[Bone loss in an urban juvenile population in Oviedo]. / Pérdida ósea en la población juvenil urbana de Oviedo.

Periodontal bone loss in 126 individuals between 9 and 20 years of age was screened radiographically by means of 2 standarized interproximal bite-wings radiographs. This group was selected from a population of 1253 young people according to the criteria of "having one or more probing pocket depths equal or higher than 4 mm". "Bone loss" was measured when the distance from the CEJ to the alveolar crest was greater than 2 mm per cent of this sample had bone loss, being more prevalent in females (34.3%) than in men (18.75%). Vertical defects predominated in the mesial aspect of mandibular first molars. Only one individual had radiographic features typical of localized juvenile periodontitis, representing 0.7% of the selected sample and 0.007% of the population studied.

¿Existe relación entre enfermedad cardiovascular Y periodontitis? / Are there relation between cardiovascular disease and periodontitis?

La hipótesis infecciosa de la aterosclerosis ha permitido un rápido avance en el conocimiento sobre los mecanismos patogénicos de la enfermedad coronaria. Más aun, el concepto de la enfermedad coronaria como una enfermedad inflamatoria ha abierto nuevos caminos para la investigación en el campo de la cardiopatía isquémica. Estudios recientes han sugerido que el empleo de marcadores de inflamación ayudaría en la identificación de pacientes con alto riesgo de padecer eventos cardiovasculares. También los estudios epidemiológicos han implicado a la periodontitis como un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de la enfermedad cardiovascular. La enfermedad periodontal proporciona una fuente de bacterias o de sus productos, y citoquinas de respuesta hiperinflamatoria del huésped por largos periodos de tiempo. Dada la cronicidad de la enfermedad cardiovascular y de la enfermedad periodontal probablemente comparten algunos caminos de común etiología (AU)

The infectious theory to explain atherosclerosis has allowed researchers to advance quickly on the knowledge about pathogenia of cardiovascular disease. Even more, the concept of coronary disease as an inflammatory disease has developed new pathways for investigating the ischaemic cardiac. Recent investigations suggest that the use of inflammatory markers may help for early detecting patients who present high risk of cardiovascular strokes appearance. Also, epidemiological essays have revealed that periodontitis is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease to develop. Periodontitis is a source of bacterias or their wastes, and provoke a hyperinflammatory response on the hostage, liberating cytokines for long periods. Due to chronicity of both cardiovascular and periodontal disease, they may have some similar ethilogycal ways (AU)

Halitosis de origen periodontal: revisión / Halitosis of periodontal origin. A review

El mal aliento, mal olor de boca o halitosis, son términos que se utilizan para describir un olor ofensivo que emana de la cavidad oral, independientemente de que las sustancias de olor desagradable provengan de fuentes orales o no orales. La mayoría de las halitosis se originan en el interior de la boca. Se han atribuido principalmente a compuestos volátiles sulfurados (CVSs) tales como sulfídrico, metil mercaptano y dimetil sulfuro. La causa primaria es la existencia de bacterias gramnegativas, que son similares a las que causan las enfermedades periodontales. Estas bacterias producen CVSs a partir del metabolismo de distintas células epiteliales, leucocitos etc, localizadas en la saliva y en la placa dental principalmente. La superficie lingual está cubierta de una gran cantidad de células epiteliales descamadas y bacterias, que pueden, a traves de su actividad proteolítica y capacidad de putrefación, producir CVSs. El objetivo de este artículo de revisión es: 1°) analizar la importancia de la halitosis oral en el contexto actual, 2°) estudiar los datos sobre su etiología y 3°) valorar la evidencia de la asociación entre las enfermedades periodontales y la halitosis de origen oral (AU)

Bad breath, oral malodour and halitosis they are terms used describe unpleasant odour out from the oral cavity, independently from the source where the odorous can be oral no oral. The majority of bad breath originates within the mouth. They have been attributed mainly attributed to volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan and dimethyl sulfide. The primary cause are bacteria gram-negative bacteria that are similar to the causing periodontal diseases. These bacterias produce the VSC by metabolizing epithelial cells, leukocytes, etc., mainly located in saliva, dental plaque. Tongue surface is composed of desquamated epithelial cells and bacterias, suggestig that it has the proteolytic and putrefactive capacity to produce VSC. The aim of this review article: (1) to analyze the evidence the importance of the bad breath in the current context, (2) to study the data your etiology and (3) to value the association between the periodontal diseases and the halitosis of oral origin (AU)