Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 12 de 12
Filtrar
Más filtros

Tipo del documento
País de afiliación
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Int Braz J Urol ; 47(3): 525-532, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33620997

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Develop and validate a new and simplified score for evaluating the lower urinary tract symptoms in men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We modified the existing visual prostate symptom score, including changes in the images, sequence, and new alternatives, resulting in a new visual score (LUTS visual score-LUTS-V). For the validation of the new tool, we used the International Prostatic Symptom Score as the gold-standard and the new LUTS-V to 306 men. The total IPSS score and the total LUTS-V score of each subject were evaluated to determine the agreement between the two instruments. ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and best cut-off of LUTS-V. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios were used to describe the diagnostic properties. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 59 [52-87] years. There was a significant correlation between LUTS-V and IPSS. (r=0.72 (p<0.0001). The Bland-Altman analyzes demonstrate good agreement between the two questionnaires (bias=5.6%). LUTS-V demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy in detecting the most serious cases with an area under the ROC curve of 83% [78-87%] 95% CI. p <0.001). LUTS-V >4 was the best threshold, with a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 78%. CONCLUSIONS: LUTS-V is a simple, self-administered tool with a significant discriminatory power to identify subjects with moderate to severe LUTS and may represent a useful instrument for the diagnosis and follow-up of men with urinary symptoms.


Asunto(s)
Síntomas del Sistema Urinario Inferior , Hiperplasia Prostática , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Humanos , Síntomas del Sistema Urinario Inferior/diagnóstico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Hiperplasia Prostática/diagnóstico , Curva ROC , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
2.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38791794

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Adopting advanced digital technologies as diagnostic support tools in healthcare is an unquestionable trend accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, their accuracy in suggesting diagnoses remains controversial and needs to be explored. We aimed to evaluate and compare the diagnostic accuracy of two free accessible internet search tools: Google and ChatGPT 3.5. METHODS: To assess the effectiveness of both medical platforms, we conducted evaluations using a sample of 60 clinical cases related to urological pathologies. We organized the urological cases into two distinct categories for our analysis: (i) prevalent conditions, which were compiled using the most common symptoms, as outlined by EAU and UpToDate guidelines, and (ii) unusual disorders, identified through case reports published in the 'Urology Case Reports' journal from 2022 to 2023. The outcomes were meticulously classified into three categories to determine the accuracy of each platform: "correct diagnosis", "likely differential diagnosis", and "incorrect diagnosis". A group of experts evaluated the responses blindly and randomly. RESULTS: For commonly encountered urological conditions, Google's accuracy was 53.3%, with an additional 23.3% of its results falling within a plausible range of differential diagnoses, and the remaining outcomes were incorrect. ChatGPT 3.5 outperformed Google with an accuracy of 86.6%, provided a likely differential diagnosis in 13.3% of cases, and made no unsuitable diagnosis. In evaluating unusual disorders, Google failed to deliver any correct diagnoses but proposed a likely differential diagnosis in 20% of cases. ChatGPT 3.5 identified the proper diagnosis in 16.6% of rare cases and offered a reasonable differential diagnosis in half of the cases. CONCLUSION: ChatGPT 3.5 demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy than Google in both contexts. The platform showed satisfactory accuracy when diagnosing common cases, yet its performance in identifying rare conditions remains limited.


Asunto(s)
Motor de Búsqueda , Humanos , COVID-19/diagnóstico , Internet , Enfermedades Urológicas/diagnóstico , SARS-CoV-2 , Diagnóstico Diferencial
3.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 201(5): 2563-2572, 2023 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35689152

RESUMEN

The total and soluble contents of three potentially toxic elements (PTEs) (Cd, Cr, and Pb) and two essential elements (Cu and Ni) in commercial green and roasted mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.) and their hot infusions were accessed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Total polyphenolic (TP) contents in the infusions were accessed by Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the presence of soluble melanoidins (SM) was evaluated by measuring absorbances at 420 nm. The soluble element contents in hot infusions of green mate were present in the following increasing order: Pb < Cd < Cr < Cu, and Ni. For hot infusions of roasted mate, the increasing order was: Cu < Pb < Cd < Cr < Ni. Except for Cr, hot infusions of roasted mate supply lower contents of the soluble PTEs than hot infusions of green mate. Cadmium was the only of evaluated trace element found in hot infusions of green and roasted mate as well as in some of their mate samples above the maximum allowed contents established by Brazilian legislation. Despite this, polyphenol and melanoidin contents in green and roasted mate infusions may reduce Cd bioavailability. The soluble trace elements that correlated directly with total polyphenols in hot infusions of green or roasted mate are indirectly correlated with the presence of soluble melanoidins. Moreover, this is the first study to evaluate the correlations of soluble forms of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb with the presence of SM and TP contents in hot infusions of green and roasted mate.


Asunto(s)
Metales Pesados , Oligoelementos , Polifenoles/análisis , Cadmio/análisis , Plomo/análisis , Solubilidad , Oligoelementos/análisis , Metales Pesados/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente
4.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 253(Pt 6): 127148, 2023 Dec 31.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37832622

RESUMEN

This study assessed the technological feasibility of microencapsulating vitamin C (VC) via coacervation between yeast cells (YC) and xanthan gum (XG). The interaction efficiency between YC and XG was examined across various pHs and ratios, while characterizing the microcapsules in terms of encapsulation efficiency, particle size, and thermal and chemical stability. Additionally, in vitro digestion experiments were conducted to determine the digestion efficiency and bioavailability of the bioactive compound. The optimally produced microcapsules exhibited favorable functional attributes, including low water activity (≤ 0.3) and particle size (≤ 33.52 µm), coupled with a high encapsulation efficiency (∼ 86.12 %). The microcapsules were able to increase the stability of VC at high temperatures and during storage when compared to the control. The in vitro experiment revealed that the microcapsules effectively retained approximately 50 % of the VC in simulated gastric fluid, with up to 80 % released in simulated intestinal fluid. However, due to prior degradation in the simulated gastric fluid, the achieved bioavailability was around 68 %. These results are promising, underscoring the potential of these microcapsules as a viable technology for encapsulating, protect, and releasing water-soluble bioactives in the GI tract.


Asunto(s)
Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Agua , Emulsiones/química , Cápsulas/química
5.
ABCS health sci ; 48: e023303, 14 fev. 2023. ilus, tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1516701

RESUMEN

Dysphagia is a common swallowing disorder in the pediatric population, which may influence the quality of life and well-being of the family. The literature points to stress, guilt, and social isolation of family members. However, the management of psychosocial aspects involved in the treatment of pediatric dysphagia is rarely discussed. This study aimed to carry out an integrative review of the literature regarding the emotional aspects of parents of children with dysphagia. Therefore a search in the databases SciELO and PubMed was made, from January 2013 to June 2020, using the descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCs): "deglutition disorders" and "child". The search was performed with English and Portuguese language limiters using associated descriptors. The selection of the studies was performed by reading the title, abstract and, if necessary, full text, applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. There were 2,169 publications, and 8 met the inclusion criteria. The included studies were examined according to the author, type of study, goals, emotional aspects involved in the treatment of swallowing disorders, and conclusions. The analysis was performed according to the presence of certain variables of the emotional aspects presented in the face of swallowing disorders, namely, parental stress, negative impact on parent/child interaction, guilt and frustration, and social isolation. The literature points out that pediatric dysphagia causes an emotional impact on the parents; indicating that it is necessary to offer emotional support and to adapt the clinical management to the different demands present in the clinic.


A disfagia é um distúrbio de deglutição comum na população pediátrica, podendo influenciar na qualidade de vida e no bem-estar da família. A literatura aponta estresse, culpa e isolamento social dos familiares. Entretanto, o manejo dos aspectos psicossociais envolvidos no tratamento da disfagia pediátrica raramente é discutido. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre os aspectos emocionais de pais de crianças com disfagia. Para tanto, foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados SciELO e PubMed, no período de janeiro de 2013 a junho de 2020, utilizando os descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCs): "distúrbios da deglutição" e "criança". A busca foi realizada com limitadores dos idiomas inglês e português usando descritores associados. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada por meio da leitura do título, resumo e, se necessário, texto completo, aplicando-se os critérios de inclusão e exclusão. Houve 2.169 publicações e 8 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Os estudos incluídos foram examinados quanto ao autor, tipo de estudo, objetivos, aspectos emocionais envolvidos no tratamento dos distúrbios da deglutição e conclusões. A análise foi realizada de acordo com a presença de algumas variáveis ​​dos aspectos emocionais apresentados diante dos distúrbios da deglutição, a saber, estresse parental, impacto negativo na interação pais/filhos, culpa e frustração e isolamento social. A literatura aponta que a disfagia pediátrica causa impacto emocional nos pais; indicando que é necessário oferecer suporte emocional e adequar o manejo clínico às diferentes demandas presentes na clínica.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Niño , Padres/psicología , Trastornos de Deglución/psicología , Salud Infantil , Emociones , Relaciones Padres-Hijo
6.
J Pharm Biomed Anal ; 155: 247-252, 2018 Jun 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29656195

RESUMEN

A fast and simple dilute-and-shoot procedure for determination of Al, As, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sc, Ti, V, Zn and Zr in deodorants by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) was developed. Sample preparation was carried out by diluting 1 mL of deodorant sample in 1% (v v-1) HNO3. The accuracy of the analytical procedure was evaluated using addition and recovery experiments, and recoveries ranged from 80 to 119%. The limits of detection varied from 0.001 to 0.76 mg kg-1. Nine deodorants samples of different brands were analyzed. The maximum concentrations found (mg kg-1) were: Fe (1.0), Mn (0.1), Ti (1.02), V (0.33), Zn (255.2) and Zr (0.5); for Al and Mg, determined concentrations varied from 0.01 to 7.0% and from 0.005 to 1.44 mg kg-1, respectively, showing wide variation depending on the sample type. The developed procedure was adequate for determining these analytes in routine analysis presenting high sample throughput and demonstrated the feasibility of direct analysis measurements after simple dilution step.


Asunto(s)
Desodorantes/química , Metales/química , Análisis Espectral/métodos , Límite de Detección
7.
ABCS health sci ; 46: e021401, 09 fev. 2021. tab
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1152238

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Among the communication impairments found in subjects with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), recently the literature has suggested a comorbid relationship with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS). The aim of the present study was to report the CAS assessment of 3 children diagnosed with ASD. REPORT: The subjects were three children aged 4 to 6 years, with a medical diagnosis of ASD. The language development assessment (LDA) was performed in the subjects, as well as the ABFW vocabulary evaluation and oral praxis (verbal, orofacial, a sequence of movements, and parallel movements) and evaluation of vocal, prosodic, and speech characteristics. All subjects had moderate language delay with better performance in the receptive area. Difficulties in oral praxis tasks were more evident in one of the subjects. Vocal, prosodic and speech features of all the cases were compatible with CAS. CONCLUSION: In the 3 cases reported, CAS signs were identified with impaired oral motor skills, prosody, and oral praxis, as well as inconsistent speech sound production.


INTRODUÇÃO: Dentre as dificuldades de comunicação encontradas em casos de Transtornos do Espectro do Autismo (TEA), recentemente a literatura tem apontado uma relação de comorbidade com a apraxia de fala na infância (AFI). O objetivo do presente estudo foi relatar a avaliação de AFI em 3 crianças com diagnóstico de TEA. RELATO: Os sujeitos foram três crianças com idades entre 4 e 6 anos, com diagnóstico médico de TEA. Os sujeitos foram submetidos à avaliação de linguagem, utilizando o teste avaliação de desenvolvimento da linguagem (ADL) e a prova de vocabulário do teste ABFW, avaliação das praxias orais (sonorizadas, orofaciais, sequência de movimentos e movimentos paralelos) e avaliação de características vocais, prosódicas e de fala. Verificou-se que todos os sujeitos apresentaram atraso moderado de linguagem com melhor desempenho em área receptiva. A dificuldade nas tarefas práxicas orais foram mais evidentes em um dos casos estudados. Já as alterações vocais, prosódicas e de fala compatíveis com AFI apareceram em todos os casos relatados. CONCLUSÃO: Nos três casos relatados, foi possível observar sinais de AFI, com prejuízos em habilidades motoras orais, prosódia e praxias orais, assim como inconsistência na produção dos sons da fala.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Preescolar , Niño , Apraxias/diagnóstico , Habla , Trastornos del Habla/diagnóstico , Salud Infantil , Trastorno del Espectro Autista/complicaciones , Trastornos del Desarrollo del Lenguaje/diagnóstico , Desempeño Psicomotor , Destreza Motora
8.
Int. braz. j. urol ; 47(3): 525-532, May-June 2021. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154515

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT Objectives: Develop and validate a new and simplified score for evaluating the lower urinary tract symptoms in men. Materials and methods: We modified the existing visual prostate symptom score, including changes in the images, sequence, and new alternatives, resulting in a new visual score (LUTS visual score-LUTS-V). For the validation of the new tool, we used the International Prostatic Symptom Score as the gold-standard and the new LUTS-V to 306 men. The total IPSS score and the total LUTS-V score of each subject were evaluated to determine the agreement between the two instruments. ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and best cut-off of LUTS-V. Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratios were used to describe the diagnostic properties. Results: The mean age of the participants was 59 [52-87] years. There was a significant correlation between LUTS-V and IPSS. (r=0.72 (p <0.0001). The Bland-Altman analyzes demonstrate good agreement between the two questionnaires (bias=5.6%). LUTS-V demonstrated excellent diagnostic accuracy in detecting the most serious cases with an area under the ROC curve of 83% [78-87%] 95% CI. p <0.001). LUTS-V >4 was the best threshold, with a sensitivity of 74% and specificity of 78%. Conclusions: LUTS-V is a simple, self-administered tool with a significant discriminatory power to identify subjects with moderate to severe LUTS and may represent a useful instrument for the diagnosis and follow-up of men with urinary symptoms.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Hiperplasia Prostática/diagnóstico , Síntomas del Sistema Urinario Inferior/diagnóstico , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Curva ROC , Persona de Mediana Edad
9.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 44(3): e105, 2020. tab
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137522

RESUMEN

Resumo: Introdução: A depressão é um distúrbio heterogêneo, com etiologia, evolução e resposta terapêutica variadas, com relatos de aumento crescente na incidência entre os jovens. Dois objetivos nortearam este estudo: estimar a prevalência de sintomas depressivos entre acadêmicos de Medicina de uma universidade com métodos ativos de aprendizagem e investigar possíveis associações com variáveis sociodemográficas. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo. Aplicaram-se um questionário eletrônico com variáveis sociodemográficas e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck (BDI). Foram realizadas análise univariada e regressão logística multivariada. Resultados: Avaliamos 173 discentes, com discreta predominância de rapazes (n = 93, 53,7%) e idade mediana de 24 (22-26) anos. Verificaram-se sintomas depressivos em 46,2% (n = 80), dos quais 33,5% (n = 58) leves, 9,2% (n = 16) moderados e 3,4% (n = 6) graves. Sexo feminino (p = 0,032) e insatisfação com a Aprendizagem Baseada em Problemas - ABP (p < 0,001) se associaram de forma independente aos sintomas depressivos em regressão logística multivariada, com aumento na chance de sintomas depressivos de 2 e 3,5 vezes, respectivamente. Os fatores morar com os pais, ter outros diagnósticos psiquiátricos e praticar regularmente atividade física se associaram aos sintomas depressivos apenas em análise univariada. Conclusão: Os acadêmicos de Medicina apresentaram significativa prevalência de sintomas depressivos. A associação dos sintomas depressivos com insatisfação com o método ABP pode fomentar reflexões sobre a conduta pedagógica e as deficiências na aplicação da metodologia ABP na referida universidade. Ressaltamos a importância da implementação da atividade física no projeto pedagógico e curricular do curso de Medicina como estratégia para a promoção de saúde mental e física nos discentes.


Abstract: Introduction: Depression is a heterogenous disorder of diverse etiology, progression and therapeutic response. Increasing incidence of depression in young adulthood has been reported. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the prevalence of depressive symptoms among medical students at a university which adopts an active learning method and to investigate possible associations to sociodemographic variables. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. An electronic questionnaire was applied to evaluate sociodemographic variables and depressive symptoms using the Beck Depression Inventory. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed. Results: A slight male predominance (n=93, 53.7%) was found among 173 students, along with an average median age of 24 [22-26]. Depressive symptoms were identified in 46.2% of the students (n=80): 33.5% (n=58) with mild symptoms, 9.2% (n=16) moderate, and 3.4% (n=6) severe. Female gender (p=0.032) and dissatisfaction with the active learning method (p<0.001) were independently associated with depressive symptoms in a multivariate logistic regression analysis with the chance of suffering from depressive symptoms increasing 2 and 3.5 fold, respectively. Living with one's parents, additional psychiatric diagnosis, and lack of regular physical exercise were associated with depressive symptoms only in univariate analysis. Conclusion: The medical students presented a high prevalence rate of depressive symptons. Association between dissatisfaction with the active learning method and depressive symptoms may offer some insight regarding the pedagogical practices and deficiencies in the application of this method at the university in question. It is important to implement strategies that incorporate physical exercise into the pedagogical and curricular project to promote the mental and physical health of the students.

10.
Rev. Pesqui. (Univ. Fed. Estado Rio J., Online) ; 12: 1045-1049, jan.-dez. 2020. fig
Artículo en Inglés, Portugués | BDENF - enfermagem (Brasil), LILACS | ID: biblio-1118709

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Descrever o processo de implantação de Planos de Alta na Clínica Cirúrgica de um hospital de grande porte de Salvador - Bahia. Método: Relato de experiência que descreve aspectos relacionados a elaboração, atualização e implantação de cinco planos de alta hospitalar de enfermagem para pacientes atendidos nessa clínica cirúrgica. Foram direcionados aos seguintes procedimentos cirúrgicos: hernioplastias, colecistectomia, histerectomia, amputação e prostatectomia. Resultados: Foram atualizados cinco planos de alta, os quais foram analisados pela coordenadora de enfermagem, médico cirurgião geral e supervisora do componente obrigatório; após sugestões e alterações realizadas, foram encaminhados para a Comissão de Padronização desse Hospital para serem implantados nas Unidades de Clínica Cirúrgica. Conclusão: A experiência possibilitou a afirmação dos instrumentos como um importante material didático para os pacientes sobre as condutas pós-cirúrgicas e para o enfermeiro, que através desse material consegue direcionar as orientações necessárias


Objective: To describe the process of Alta Plans deployment in the Surgical Clinic of a large hospital in Salvador (BA). Method: Experience report describing aspects of the development, updating and implementation of five hospital plans nursing for surgical patients treated in this clinic. They were directed to the following surgical procedures: hernioplastias, cholecystectomy, hysterectomy, prostatectomy and amputation. Results: Five plans have been updated high, which were analyzed by the coordinating nurse, doctor and surgeon general supervisor of the mandatory component; after suggestions and changes made, it was referred to the Standards Commission that Hospital to be deployed in Surgery Units. Conclusion: The experience allowed the affirmation of instruments as an important educational materials for patients about post-surgical procedures and for nurses, that through this material can direct the necessary


Objetivo: Describir el proceso de implementación de los Planes de Alta en la clínica quirúrgica de un gran hospital en Salvador (BA). Método: Relato de experiencia que describe los aspectos del desarrollo, actualización y aplicación de los cinco planes hospitalarios de enfermería para pacientes quirúrgicos tratados en esta clínica. Ellos se dirigieron a los siguientes procedimientos quirúrgicos: hernioplastias, colecistectomía, histerectomía, la prostatectomía y amputación. Resultados: Cinco fueron actualizados a los planes de alto, que fueron analizadas por la coordinación de la enfermera, médico y cirujano supervisor general del componente obligatorio; después sugerencias y cambios realizados, se refirió a la Comisión de Normas que el Hospital que se desplegarán en las Unidades de Cirugía. Conclusión: La experiencia permitió a la afirmación de instrumentos como un importante material educativo para los pacientes sobre los procedimientos post-quirúrgicas y para las enfermeras, que a través de este material puede dirigir la orientación necesaria


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Planificación de Atención al Paciente , Alta del Paciente , Materiales de Enseñanza , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Atención de Enfermería
11.
Rev. CEFAC ; 21(4): e18018, 2019. graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041111

RESUMEN

ABSTRACT Purpose: to carry out an integrative review of literature regarding the use of the ICF in Speech-Language-Hearing Therapy. Methods: a search was conducted on both national and international databases, for articles published between 2008 and 2018, considering the following descriptors in Portuguese, English and Spanish: "International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health", "Speech-Language-Hearing", and "Speech Therapy". Duplicated articles, as well as those introducing new ICF-based protocols and studies whose theme didn't refer exclusively to speech-language-hearing practices were excluded. Results: 36 articles were found, 9 of which met the inclusion criteria. The articles were categorized according to speech-language-hearing subareas (most belonging to the subarea of language), and to types of study (most being case studies). Conclusion: studies point out that the ICF can contribute to the development of unique therapy projects in a broader approach to health in the speech-language-hearing clinic. However, it has been perceived the need for more researches on the theme with applicability to the other fields of knowledge in speech-language-hearing sciences.


RESUMO Objetivo: realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o uso da CIF na Fonoaudiologia. Métodos: foi realizada uma busca em base de dados nacionais e internacionais, entre 2008 a 2018, considerando os descritores "Classificação Internacional de Funcionalidade, Incapacidade e Saúde", "fonoaudiologia" e "fonoterapia" em português, inglês e espanhol. Foram excluídos artigos duplicados e apresentação de novos protocolos tendo a CIF como base e estudos que não referiram exclusivamente a atuação fonoaudiológica como temática. Resultados: foram encontrados 36 artigos, e desses, 9 atendiam aos critérios de inclusão. Os artigos foram categorizados em subáreas da Fonoaudiologia, bem como quanto ao tipo de estudo, sendo em sua maioria da subárea da linguagem e do tipo estudo de caso. Conclusão: os estudos, apontam que a CIF pode contribuir para a construção de projetos terapêuticos singulares numa abordagem mais ampla de saúde na clínica fonoaudiológica, porém, entende-se ser necessário o desenvolvimento de mais pesquisas sobre o tema com aplicação nas demais áreas da Fonoaudiologia.

12.
Rev. Ciênc. Méd. Biol. (Impr.) ; 16(2): 151-156, out 27, 2017. fig
Artículo en Portugués | LILACS | ID: biblio-1342733

RESUMEN

Introdução: a proteção radiológica é campo do conhecimento que permeia os ambientes radiológicos. Sua aplicação envolve benefícios aos serviços, profissionais e usuários. Objetivo: identificar fatores intervenientes, bem como, dispositivos de proteção radiológica disponíveis em um serviço de medicina nuclear (MN), envolvidos nos testes de Controle de Qualidade em Câmaras Gama (CQCG). Metodologia: realizou-se um estudo observacional, do tipo exploratório e descritivo, em um serviço de MN conveniado com o Instituto Federal da Bahia (IFBA), com ênfase na proteção radiológica em testes de CQCG. A coleta de dados foi realizada em janeiro de 2016. Foram acompanhados testes diários de inspeção visual da integridade física, radiação de fundo da sala de exames, uniformidade intrínseca e centralização da largura da janela energética para cada radionuclídeo. Para os testes semanais, acompanharam-se os de resolução espacial e linearidade. Os dados foram analisados à luz da legislação/normativas vigentes para serviços de MN no Brasil. Resultados: referente à proteção radiológica em testes de CQCG, o serviço dispunha de três aventais plumbíferos e três protetores de tireóide com equivalência de 0,5mm de chumbo, além de pinças utilizadas para manipulação de fontes radioativas. Foi observada a presença de óculos de proteção, entretanto, os mesmos não eram plumbíferos. Os profissionais eram monitorados por dosímetros termoluminescentes de uso individual. Conclusão: de maneira geral, eram observados os fatores de proteção radiológica: tempo, distância e blindagem. O CQCG requer planejamento prévio com protocolo devidamente seguido que poderá minimizar a exposição ocupacional.


Introduction: radiation protection is a field of knowledge that permeates radiological environments. Its application involves benefits to services, professionals and patients. Objective: To identify intervening factors, as well as the radiological protection devices available in a nuclear medicine service (MN) involved in the Quality Control tests in Gamma Camera (CQCG). Methodology: an observational, exploratory and descriptive study was carried out at the MN service in partnership with Instituto Federal da Bahia (IFBA), with emphasis on radiological protection in CQCG tests. Data collection was performed in January 2016. Daily tests were conducted to visually inspect the physical integrity of the system, to test the background radiation of the examination room, and intrinsic uniformity and centralization of the energetic window width for each radionuclide were monitored. For the weekly tests, those of spatial resolution and linearity were monitored. The data was analyzed in accordance with the legislation/regulations for MN services in Brazil. Results: with regard to the radiological protection during CQCG tests, the service had three lead aprons and three thyroid protectors with a 0.5mm equivalence of lead, in addition, tweezers used to manipulate radioactive sources. The presence of protective goggles was observed, however, they did not contain lead. The professionals were monitored by thermoluminescent dosimeters for individual use. Conclusion: in general, the principles of radiation protection of time, distance and shielding were adopted. CQCG requires prior planning with a properly followed protocol that can minimize occupational exposure.


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Control de Calidad , Protección Radiológica , Cámaras gamma , Medicina Nuclear , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Recolección de Datos , Estudio Observacional
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA