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1.
J Endocrinol Invest ; 2024 Feb 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38300501

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: While it is common for menstrual cycles to cease within the initial 6 months of treatment, there are instances where some transgender men may not experience this cessation. We analyzed transgender men undergoing gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) with testosterone who experienced breakthrough bleeding in order to identify the factors associated with this condition. METHODS: In this case-control study, 24 transgender men in the case group and 48 in the control group were assessed for clinical, sociodemographic, hormonal, and body composition variables using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. All participants had been on GATH for at least 6 months. RESULTS: A few transgender men experienced persistent breakthrough bleeding, which was associated with decreased testosterone levels and free androgen index (FAI) compared with controls (p = 0.002 and p = 0.008, respectively). Among individuals with breakthrough bleeding, 50% had testosterone levels below the lowest tertile calculated for the sample, compared with 18.8% on controls (p = 0.007). After therapy adjustment, testosterone levels increased compared with the values obtained in the initial bleeding episode (p = 0.031). Eight transgender men required the addition of an oral progestogen to achieve amenorrhea, and these individuals had higher BMI than those in whom the adjustment of the parenteral testosterone dose was adequate (p = 0.026). A univariate prevalence ratio analysis revealed a negative association of persistent bleeding with testosterone levels (p = 0.028) and FAI levels (p = 0.019). CONCLUSION: Higher BMI and lower levels of testosterone and FAI were the main factors associated with breakthrough bleeding in transgender men.

2.
Mol Biol Rep ; 50(5): 4011-4015, 2023 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36849857

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomer cis-9, trans-11 is an anticarcinogen that inhibits cell proliferation and/or induces apoptosis of tumor cells. The objective of this study was to evaluate the expression of genes responsible for cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in tumor explants of mammary anaplastic carcinoma (AC) and mammary tubulopapillary carcinoma (TC) cultured in vitro with the CLA isomers cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12. METHODS: In this study we used mammary explants from two adult female dogs that revealed two types of malignant tumors: (a) anaplastic mammary carcinoma (AC) and (b) mammary tubulopapillary carcinoma (TC). The explants (n = 6 per treatment) had an average weight of 80.0 ± 2.0 mg and were cultured for 24 h in 35 mm culture plates under the following treatments: (a) Control: Culture medium + fatty acid free bovine serum albumin (BSA); (b) Culture medium + cis-9, trans-11 CLA (75 µM) diluted with fatty acid free bovine serum albumin (BSA), and; (c) Culture medium + trans-10, cis-12 CLA (75 µM) diluted with fatty acid free bovine serum albumin (BSA). After that, total RNA was extracted, complementary DNA was synthesized (cDNA), and quantitative analysis by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was conducted. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. RESULTS: Compared with the Control, the CLA trans-10, cis-12 treatment decreased expression of the gene encoding the p53 by 20% (P = 0.02), Caspase-3 by 25% (P = 0.06) and Bax by 51% (P = 0.001) in AC. The CLA cis-9, trans-11 increased the gene expression of proapoptotic protein Bax in TC by 68% (P = 0.01), but increased the expression of the antiapoptotic Bcl2 gene in AC by 72% (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: The CLA cis-9, trans-11 stimulates apoptotic genes in mammary tubulopapillary carcinoma, but has a contrary effect on the anaplastic carcinoma, and the CLA trans-10, cis-12 stimulates cell cycle progression genes and may have an antiapoptotic effect, mainly in mammary anaplastic carcinoma.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados , Femenino , Perros , Animales , Ácidos Linoleicos Conjugados/farmacología , Albúmina Sérica Bovina , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2 , División Celular
3.
Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal ; 26(6): e778-e785, 2021 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34023843

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) are defined as lesions with a greater likelihood of progressing to cancer. Population-based studies that evaluate the prevalence of OPMDs are scarce in Brazil. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of OPMDs and associated risk factors in a semi-urban Brazilian population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study, whose universe included individuals aged 40 years or older residing in a medium-sized city of northeastern Brazil. Data collection was divided into two steps: interview and oral examination. The outcome variable was the presence of OPMDs. The predictor variables were sociodemographic characteristics and risk habits. The bivariate analysis was performed through chi-square test. The crude prevalence ratios (PR) and its respective 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Poisson regression analysis with robust variance was used to calculate adjusted PRs and 95% CI. RESULTS: Three hundred fourteen individuals were included in the study. When asked about risk habits, 58.9% reported being current smokers or ex-smokers and 62.2% reported being current drinkers or ex-drinkers. The prevalence of OPMDs was 7.6% and was significantly higher among individuals with black skin color (p < 0.001), alcohol users (p = 0.017), and individuals with both tobacco and alcohol habits (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, the population in the present study had a high frequency of risk habits associated with PMDs of the oral cavity.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Boca , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Neoplasias de la Boca/epidemiología , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo
4.
Exp Parasitol ; 177: 13-21, 2017 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28351683

RESUMEN

Absence of a drug that kills adult filarial parasites remains the major challenge in eliminating human lymphatic filariasis (LF); the second leading cause of long-term and permanent disability. Thus, the discovery of novel antifilarial natural products with potent adulticidal activity is an urgent need. In the present study, methanol extracts of leaves, bark and winged seeds of Dipterocarpus zeylanicus (Dipterocarpaceae) were investigated for macro and microfilaricidal activity. Two antifilarial triterpene saponins were isolated from winged seed extracts by bioactivity guided chromatographic separation and identified using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and mass spectroscopic analysis as oleanolic acid 3-O-ß-D- glucopyranoside (1) (IC50 = 20.54 µM for adult worms, 19.71 µM for microfilariae ) and oleanolic acid 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranoside (2) (IC50 = 29.02 µM for adult worms, 25.99 µM for microfilariae). Acid hydrolysis of both compounds yielded oleanolic acid (3) which was non or least toxic to human peripheral blood mono nuclear cells (Selectivity index = >10) while retaining similar macrofilaricidal (IC50 = 38.4 µM) and microfilaricidal (IC50 = 35.6 µM) activities. In adult female worms treated with 50 and 100 µM doses of oleanolic acid, condensation of nuclear DNA, apoptotic body formation and tissue damage was observed by using Hoechst 33342 staining, TUNEL assay and Hematoxylin and Eosin staining respectively. A dose dependent increase in caspase 3/CED3 activity and decrease in total protein content were also observed in these parasites. A dose dependant DNA fragmentation was observed in adult parasites and microfilariae. Decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and elevated levels of glutathione S transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also observed in parasites treated with oleanolic acid indicating an oxidative stress mediated apoptotic event. Compound 3/oleanolic acid was thus identified as a potent and safe antifilarial compound in vitro.


Asunto(s)
Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Embryophyta/química , Ácido Oleanólico/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Saponinas/química , Setaria (Nematodo)/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Fragmentación del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Etiquetado Corte-Fin in Situ , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Ácido Oleanólico/aislamiento & purificación , Corteza de la Planta/química , Extractos Vegetales/aislamiento & purificación , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Hojas de la Planta/química , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Semillas/química , Setaria (Nematodo)/citología , Setaria (Nematodo)/metabolismo , Setariasis/tratamiento farmacológico , Setariasis/parasitología , Coloración y Etiquetado , Triterpenos/química
5.
Exp Parasitol ; 167: 50-60, 2016 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27174667

RESUMEN

Human lymphatic filariasis (LF) is mainly caused by filarial parasite Wuchereria bancrofti and is the second leading cause of long term and permanent disability in tropical countries. To date, incapability to eliminate long lived adult parasites by current drugs remains the major challenge in the elimination of LF. Hence, in the current study, the efficacy of rhizome extracts of Curcuma zedoaria (a plant traditionally used in Sri Lanka in the management of LF) was evaluated as an effective filaricide in vitro. Sequential solvent extracts of C. zedoaria rhizomes were screened for in vitro antifilarial activity at 0.01-1 mg/mL concentrations by motility inhibition assay and 3-(4, 5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay using cattle parasite Setaria digitata as a model organism. Exposure of parasites to hexane and chloroform extracts of C. zedoaria caused a dose dependant reduction in motility and viability of microfilariae (IC50 = 72.42 µg/mL for hexane extract, 191.14 µg/mL for chloroform extract) and adult parasites (IC50 = 77.07 µg/mL for hexane extract, 259.87 µg/mL for chloroform extract). Both extracts were less toxic to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells when compared to filariae. A dose dependant increase in caspase 3/CED 3 and a decrease in total protein content, cyclooxygenase (COX) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activities were observed in adult parasites treated with hexane or chloroform extract. A significant degree of chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation were also observed in these worms by Hoechst 33342 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining respectively. Dose dependant chromosomal DNA laddering was observed in treated adult worms but not in microfilariae in response to both extracts. Oxidative stress parameters such as reduction in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels and increase in glutathione s transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities, increased reactive oxygen levels (ROS) and lipid peroxidation were also observed indicating that an apoptotic event is induced by reactive oxygen species.


Asunto(s)
Curcuma/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Piroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Rizoma/química , Setaria (Nematodo)/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Bovinos , Fragmentación del ADN , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Femenino , Humanos , Etiquetado Corte-Fin in Situ , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Leucocitos Mononucleares/efectos de los fármacos , Cavidad Peritoneal/parasitología , Extractos Vegetales/toxicidad , Setaria (Nematodo)/citología , Setaria (Nematodo)/metabolismo
6.
Nat Genet ; 25(3): 289-93, 2000 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10888875

RESUMEN

Complete achromatopsia is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by photophobia, low visual acuity, nystagmus and a total inability to distinguish colours. In this disease, cone photoreceptors, the retinal sensory neurons mediating colour vision, seem viable but fail to generate an electrical response to light. Achromatopsia, or rod monochromatism, was first mapped to 2p11-2q12 (MIM 216900; ref. 3), where it is associated with missense mutations in CNGA3 (ref. 4). CNGA3 encodes the alpha-subunit of the cone cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel, which generates the light-evoked electrical responses of cone photoreceptors. A second locus at 8q21-q22 has been identified among the Pingelapese islanders of Micronesia, who have a high incidence of recessive achromatopsia (MIM 262300). Here we narrow the achromatopsia locus to 1.4 cM and show that Pingelapese achromatopsia segregates with a missense mutation at a highly conserved site in CNGB3, a new gene that encodes the beta-subunit of the cone cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel. Two independent frameshift deletions establish that achromatopsia is the null phenotype of CNGB3. Combined with earlier findings, our results demonstrate that both alpha- and beta-subunits of the cGMP-gated channel are essential for phototransduction in all three classes of cones.


Asunto(s)
Defectos de la Visión Cromática/genética , Canales Iónicos/genética , Adolescente , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Secuencia de Bases , Mapeo Cromosómico , Cromosomas Humanos Par 8 , Canales Catiónicos Regulados por Nucleótidos Cíclicos , ADN Complementario , Femenino , Ligamiento Genético , Humanos , Masculino , Micronesia , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Linaje , Polimorfismo Genético
7.
Parasite Immunol ; 34(1): 1-7, 2012 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21929686

RESUMEN

The present work describes the isolation and purification of two Leishmania chagasi (= syn. Leishmania infantum) recombinant proteins, rLci2B and rLci1A, and their use in the development of an immunoassay for the diagnostic of canine leishmaniasis. After protein expression and cell disruption, rLci2B was purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography followed by size exclusion chromatography, whereas rLci1A, expressed as an inclusion body, was treated with urea and purified by anion-exchange chromatography. Homogeneities were ascertained by denaturing gel electrophoresis (MW (rLci2B) = 46,370; MW(rLci1A) = 88,400), isoelectric focusing (pI (rLci2B) = 5·91; pI (rLci1A) = 6·01) and Western blot. An indirect ELISA was developed using the purified antigens rLci2B and rLci1A and a leishmaniasis canine serum panel (n = 256). The ELISA showed 100% sensitivity and 95% specificity for rLci2B and 96% sensitivity and 92% specificity for rLci1A. The purified proteins did not present cross-reactivity with sera from dogs infected with Trypanosoma caninum, Babesia canis and Ehrlichia canis. Cross-reaction was verified with sera from dogs infected with Leishmania brasiliensis (11·7% for rLci2B and 2·9% for rLci1A). Based on ELISA results, it is suggested the use of rLci2B and rLci1A as antigens in an alternative serological assay for diagnostic of canine leishmania.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Antígenos de Protozoos , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Leishmania infantum/inmunología , Leishmaniasis/veterinaria , Animales , Antígenos de Protozoos/genética , Antígenos de Protozoos/aislamiento & purificación , Cromatografía de Afinidad/métodos , Cromatografía por Intercambio Iónico/métodos , Reacciones Cruzadas , Perros , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/métodos , Leishmania infantum/genética , Leishmaniasis/diagnóstico , Proteínas Recombinantes , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
8.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 50(3): 349-355, 2021 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33139173

RESUMEN

Throat packs are commonly used in maxillofacial surgeries. However, the evidence to support the benefits of their use is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of throat packs in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting, and their influence on the incidence of sore throat and dysphagia in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. This was a prospective double-blind randomized study with 54 patients, who were randomized to two groups: with throat pack (n=27) and without throat pack (n=27). Fifty patients (25 in each group) were included in the analysis; 66% female and 34% male, mean age 29.44±8.53 years. Postoperative nausea and vomiting (Kortilla scale), sore throat (visual analogue scale), and dysphagia were evaluated. Statistically significant differences in favour of the without-pack group were found for the variables throat pain at 24hours (P=0.002) and dysphagia at 2 hours (P=0.007) and 24 hours (P<0.001). There was no difference between the groups regarding postoperative nausea and vomiting (P=1.00). The results of this study indicate that throat packs as utilized here do not prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting and are associated with worse sore throats and postoperative dysphagia.


Asunto(s)
Cirugía Ortognática , Faringitis , Adulto , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Faringitis/etiología , Faringitis/prevención & control , Faringe , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Náusea y Vómito Posoperatorios/prevención & control , Estudios Prospectivos , Adulto Joven
9.
Scand J Immunol ; 72(6): 529-39, 2010 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21044127

RESUMEN

The clinical manifestations of human Chagas disease are associated with distinct and complex host-parasite interactions that directly involve the host's immune system. In this study, we analysed the relationship between the production of intracytoplasmic cytokines after in vitro stimulation with the recombinant antigens CRA (cytoplasmatic repetitive antigen) or FRA (flagellar repetitive antigen) from Trypanosoma cruzi and the chronic cardiac or indeterminate clinical forms of Chagas disease. The chagasic patient groups consisted of 39 individuals, selected at the Chagas Disease Unit of the Oswaldo Cruz University Hospital, whom presented either a cardiac form without cardiac dilatation (CARD 1), cardiac form with cardiac dilatation (CARD 2) or indeterminate form (IND). Blood samples were obtained from these patients and cultured in the presence of CRA or FRA. The cytokines produced by lymphocytes and monocytes after antigen stimulation were analysed by flow cytometry. Our results showed that the IFN-γ and TNF-α, produced by CD8+ T lymphocytes after in vitro stimulation with CRA, differed among chagasic patients with CARD 1, CARD 2 or IND. We propose that these cytokines could be utilized as immunological markers for clinical cardiac forms of Chagas disease. In a prospective study of patients presenting IND and CARD 1, the assay performed in this paper could serve as a tool to monitor therapeutic interventions, thus improving the patient's quality of life.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Protozoos/inmunología , Cardiomiopatía Chagásica/inmunología , Citocinas/biosíntesis , Trypanosoma cruzi/inmunología , Adulto , Anciano , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Cardiomiopatía Chagásica/diagnóstico , Progresión de la Enfermedad , Femenino , Flagelos/inmunología , Humanos , Linfocitos/inmunología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Monocitos/inmunología , Proteínas Recombinantes/inmunología
10.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 246: 112158, 2020 Jan 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31421182

RESUMEN

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Sri Lanka is known to have very diverse flora. Many of these species are used for plant-based remedies, which form the integral part of two Sri Lankan systems of traditional medicine, Ayurveda and Deshiya Chikitsa. Despite their widespread use, only a limited number of studies have probed into the scientific evidence for bioactivity of these medicinal plants. Such studies rarely progress to the identification of bioactive natural products. AIM OF THE STUDY: The primary aim was to develop a bioactivity screening method and apply it to 50 Sri Lankan medicinal plants where antimicrobial properties could be relevant for its traditional use. The subsequent aim was the progression into defining and characterising potent isolates within targeted compound classes from such plants, i.e. Derris scandens and its antimicrobial flavonoids. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The plant collection comprised 24 species of Fabaceae, 15 Rubiaceae, 7 Solanaceae and 4 Cucurbitaceae plants. These 50 species were collected based on their ethnopharmacological importance and use in Sri Lankan traditional medicine. Crude extracts from each species were initially subjected to radial disc diffusion and microdilution assays. Subsequently, aqueous extracts of all plants were microfractionated in deep well plates using reversed-phase HPLC. Fractions were tested for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities and masses of target bioactive compounds were identified using mass spectrometry. Bioactive compounds with the masses identified through microfractions were isolated from Derris scandens using reversed-phase HPLC. The isolated pure compounds were characterised using LC-MS and NMR. RESULTS: Crude aqueous extracts from 19 species showed activity against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) in the radial disc diffusion assay. Crude aqueous extracts from 34 plant species and organic extracts from 46 plant species were active against S. aureus (≤4 mg mL-1) in the microdilution assay. Microfractionation demonstrated antibacterial activity for 19 plants and cytotoxicity for 6 plants. Furthermore, target bioactive compounds and their molecular ions were identified during microfractionation. Dalpanitin and vicenin-3, two of the flavonoids isolated from Derris scandens gave MICs of 23 µg mL-1 against S. aureus. Dalpanitin also exhibited relevant MICs on Gram-negative bacteria (94 µg mL-1 against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa). CONCLUSION: The microfractionation protocol developed in this study enabled time-efficient screening of many plants species, using a small quantity of sample material. In addition, microfractionation served as a guiding tool for identifying individual antimicrobial compounds. Through this process, flavonoids were isolated from Derris scandens, out of which dalpanitin and vicenin-3 showed activity in the low micromolar range. The high hit rate for in vitro antibacterial properties from this ethnopharmacologically guided sample collection gives credence to Sri Lankan traditional herbal medicine as a source for drug discovery.


Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/aislamiento & purificación , Flavonoides/aislamiento & purificación , Magnoliopsida/metabolismo , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias/crecimiento & desarrollo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Fraccionamiento Químico , Flavonoides/farmacología , Humanos , Extractos Vegetales/química , Plantas Medicinales/metabolismo , Metabolismo Secundario , Sri Lanka
11.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 37(1): 41-6, 2008 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17881191

RESUMEN

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS), a dentistry specialty recognized by the Federal Dentistry Board in the mid-1960s, is responsible for the diagnosis, and clinical and surgical treatment of traumatic, congenital, developmental and iatrogenic lesions in the maxillofacial complex. Even today, difficulties are experienced owing to the lack of knowledge of the general public and health professionals concerning the scope of OMFS. To investigate recognition of the scope of OMFS, 400 questionnaires were sent to dentistry students, medical students, dentists and doctors, in 4 equal groups. The questionnaire covered 26 clinical situations in four different specialties (OMFS, Plastic Surgery, Ear Nose and Throat Surgery, Head and Neck Surgery) and an option with no specialty specified. Each interviewee had to correlate the clinical situation with the respective specialist. For facial trauma, dento-facial deformities, mandibular reconstruction and temporomandibular joint surgery, most respondents would consult the OMF surgeon for treatment (mean, 90%). In cases of oral biopsy and treatment of benign mandibular tumours the mean referral rate to OMFS was low (48%). On the basis of the questionnaire responses, a good level of knowledge of the scope of OMFS was found. In order to ensure the correct referral of all patients, the specialty needs to broaden its horizons.


Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Derivación y Consulta/estadística & datos numéricos , Cirugía Bucal/psicología , Adulto , Anciano , Odontólogos/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Otolaringología , Estudiantes de Odontología/psicología , Estudiantes de Medicina/psicología , Cirugía Plástica/psicología , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
12.
Vet Parasitol ; 137(1-2): 11-6, 2006 Apr 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16446034

RESUMEN

This study evaluated the performance of the EIE-leishmaniose-visceral-canina-Bio-Manguinhos (EIE-LVC) kit and to compare it with that of the IFI-leishmaniose-visceral-canina-Bio-Manguinhos (IFI-LVC) kit. Four groups of dogs were studied: group 1 (G1), dogs with clinical signs indicative of CVL and testing positive for the parasite (n = 25); group 2 (G2), dogs with only a presumed diagnosis of CVL (n = 62); group 3 (G3), dogs that had never lived in an area where CVL is endemic and never received a blood transfusion (n = 16); group 4 (G4), dogs carrying other parasites: such as babesiosis (n = 4), ehrlichiosis (n = 6) and demodicosis (n = 1). G1 and G3 were used for the calculation of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. The EIE-LVC showed a sensitivity of 72% (IC 95%: 50.4-87.1%) and a specificity of 87.5% (IC 95%: 60.4-97.8%). The value of the kappa index was 0.975 (CI 95%: 0.926-1.024), which represents an excellent fit. For IFI-LVC, the sensitivity was 68.0% (CI 95%: 46.4-84.3%) and the specificity 87.5% (CI 95%: 60.4-97.8%). When the tests were conducted in parallel, sensitivity was 92.0% (CI 95%: 72.5-98.6%) and specificity 75.0% (CI 95%: 47.4-91.7%). However, when conducted consecutively, the tests showed a sensitivity of 48.0% (CI 95%: 28.3-68.2%) and a specificity of 100.0% (CI 95%: 75.9-99.4%). The analysis of clinically suspected dogs using IFI-LVC and EIE-LVC kits in parallel, revealed that 26/62 animals were positive. Cross-reaction was observed in a dog with demodicosis. These results lead to the following conclusions: (1) the performance of the EIE-LVC kit is not statistically different from the IFI-LVC and (2) the kits must be used in parallel if higher sensitivity is required, reducing the number of false-negative results.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/sangre , Antígenos de Protozoos/inmunología , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Leishmania donovani/inmunología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/veterinaria , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico/veterinaria , Animales , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Reacciones Cruzadas , Perros , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/normas , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/veterinaria , Reacciones Falso Negativas , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas/métodos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas/veterinaria , Leishmaniasis Visceral/diagnóstico , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico/normas , Proteínas Recombinantes/inmunología , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Especificidad de la Especie
13.
J Neuroimaging ; 3(4): 216-9, 1993 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10146412

RESUMEN

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis, endemic in South and Central America, that affects the central nervous system (CNS) in almost 10% of patients. Neurological involvement includes two different clinical forms: meningeal and granulomatous, also known as the pseudotumor form. Five patients with biopsy-proved systemic paracoccidioidomycosis and neurological complaints were studied by magnetic resonance imaging. CNS involvement was detected in all patients in the form of multiple round or lobulated lesions, predominantly hypointense on T2-weighted images and ring or nodular enhancement on post-gadolinium T1-weighted images. The lesions were distributed diffusely, with a slight predominance in the supratentorial compartment, although infratentorial lesions were also observed, mainly in the cerebellum. Hypointense lesions on T2-weighted images persisted in all 3 patients reexamined after treatment, whereas enhancing lesions on post-gadolinium T1-weighted images turned isointense in 2 patients. Magnetic resonance imaging is a sensitive method in documenting CNS paracoccidioidomycosis, most frequently as supratentorial and infratentorial multiple, round or lobulated hypointense lesions on T2-weighted images.


Asunto(s)
Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Paracoccidioidomicosis/diagnóstico , Adulto , Encefalopatías/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
14.
Vet Parasitol ; 109(1-2): 1-8, 2002 Oct 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12383620

RESUMEN

A fast agglutination screening test (FAST) for the detection of anti-Leishmania antibodies in serum samples from dogs with visceral leishmaniosis was developed. The test is based on the direct agglutination test (DAT), but combines a higher parasite concentration with a smaller test volume. In contrast to the DAT, the FAST makes use of only one serum dilution and the results can be read within 3 h as opposed to 18-20 h for the DAT. The FAST was evaluated using serum samples of confirmed cases of the disease and healthy controls collected in the most important endemic regions of canine visceral leishmaniosis, import cases of canine leishmaniosis in a non-endemic country, from non-endemic healthy controls and from dogs with other diseases. The performance of the FAST was compared with standard DAT. In the present study, the FAST had a sensitivity of 93.6% and a specificity of 89.0%. The DAT had a sensitivity of 88.6% and a specificity of 96.7%. Furthermore, using a large panel of serum samples of previously examined DAT positive or negative dogs it was shown that degree of agreement between the two tests was high (95.7%; kappa value = 0.91). The FAST offers the advantages of the DAT based on freeze-dried antigen with respect to stability of the antigen, sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the FAST allows the rapid screening of a large number of samples, which makes the test very useful for epidemiological screening of large populations of dogs.


Asunto(s)
Pruebas de Aglutinación/métodos , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/análisis , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Perros/inmunología , Perros/parasitología , Leishmania donovani/inmunología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/diagnóstico , Pruebas de Aglutinación/veterinaria , Animales , Anticuerpos Antiprotozoarios/inmunología , Antígenos de Protozoos/inmunología , Reservorios de Enfermedades/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/inmunología , Enfermedades de los Perros/parasitología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/inmunología , Leishmaniasis Visceral/veterinaria , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Tamizaje Masivo/veterinaria , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Factores de Tiempo
15.
Arq Neuropsiquiatr ; 35(2): 156-62, 1977 Jun.
Artículo en Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-869739

RESUMEN

A case of chondrosarcoma of the orbit is reported. The patient complained of marked deterioration of her vision, pain and presented exophatalmus of the left eye. Chondrosarcoma of the orbit are rare and this is the first case reported in the Brazilian literature. Diagnostic and prognostic are discussed.


Asunto(s)
Condrosarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Orbitales/diagnóstico por imagen , Arterias Carótidas/diagnóstico por imagen , Arterias Carótidas/cirugía , Condrosarcoma/cirugía , Craneotomía , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias Orbitales/cirugía , Radiografía
16.
Rev Port Cardiol ; 10(12): 953-6, 1991 Dec.
Artículo en Portugués | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1807300

RESUMEN

The authors report a case of right ventricle endomyocardial fibrosis in a 6-year-old boy. Particular attention is paid to the discussion of the new methods for diagnosing and treating these conditions, namely echocardiography, endomyocardial biopsy and surgery.


Asunto(s)
Fibrosis Endomiocárdica , Niño , Fibrosis Endomiocárdica/complicaciones , Fibrosis Endomiocárdica/diagnóstico , Fibrosis Endomiocárdica/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Masculino
17.
Neotrop Entomol ; 43(2): 183-8, 2014 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27193526

RESUMEN

The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is commonly found on strawberry crops (Fragaria x ananassa). Strawberry plants have defensive mechanisms, which in turn influence the behavior of herbivores. The oviposition and development of the two-spotted spider mite were evaluated on the leaf disks of the cultivars 'Aromas,' 'Camarosa,' 'Camino Real,' 'Diamante,' 'Diamante 10,' 'Diamante 50,' 'Festival,' and 'Seascape.' It was observed that on cultivars such as 'Aromas,' 'Camarosa,' and 'Seascape,' immature survivorship was higher, but no difference was found during the developmental period from egg to adult of T. urticae. The immature development time was also longer on 'Camarosa.' Females laid more eggs on 'Seascape' (8.4 eggs/day), and the least on 'Camarosa' (1.0 egg/day). Mortality was higher at the larval stage and reached more than 50% in three cultivars 'Camarosa,' 'Diamante,' and 'Seascape.' Thus, the cultivars 'Camarosa,' 'Diamante,' and 'Seascape' were the ones that mostly affected the survival, development, and reproduction of T. urticae.


Asunto(s)
Fragaria , Herbivoria , Oviposición , Tetranychidae , Animales , Femenino , Larva , Dinámica Poblacional , Reproducción
19.
Braz J Med Biol Res ; 45(10): 929-34, 2012 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22735179

RESUMEN

Lopap, found in the bristles of Lonomia obliqua caterpillar, is the first exogenous prothrombin activator that shows serine protease-like activity, independent of prothrombinase components and unique lipocalin reported to interfere with hemostasis mechanisms. To assess the action of an exogenous prothrombin activator reversing the anticoagulant and antihemostatic effect induced by low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), male New Zealand rabbits (N = 20, weighing 3.8-4.0 kg) allocated to 4 groups were anticoagulated with 1800 IU/kg LMWH (iv) over 2 min, followed by iv administration of saline (SG) or recombinant Lopap (rLopap) at 1 µg/kg (LG1) or 10 µg/kg (LG10), 10 min after the injection of LMWH, in a blind manner. Control animals (CG) were treated only with saline. The action of rLopap was assessed in terms of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin fragment F1+2, fibrinogen, and ear puncture bleeding time (BT) at 5, 10, 15, 17, 20, 30, 40, 60, and 90 min after initiation of LMWH infusion. LG10 animals showed a decrease of aPTT in more than 50% and BT near to normal baseline. The level of prothrombin fragment F1+2 measured by ELISA had a 6-fold increase with rLopap treatment (10 µg/kg) and was inversely proportional to BT in LMWH-treated animals. Thus, Lopap, obtained in recombinant form using E. coli expression system, was useful in antagonizing the effect of LMWH through direct prothrombin activation, which can be a possible strategy for the reversal of bleeding and anticoagulant events.


Asunto(s)
Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Hemorragia/tratamiento farmacológico , Antagonistas de Heparina/farmacología , Heparina de Bajo-Peso-Molecular/antagonistas & inhibidores , Protrombina/efectos de los fármacos , Serina Endopeptidasas/farmacología , Animales , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Masculino , Conejos
20.
Neotrop Entomol ; 40(4): 415-20, 2011.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21952955

RESUMEN

Cultivation of temperate-climate fruits is economically important for Brazil. Grapholita molesta Busck is a pest that causes damage to apples, peaches, plums, and pears growing in different micro-regions of southern Brazil, and understanding its reproductive behavior is essential to develop control strategies. The objective of this study was to ascertain the influence of different temperatures (13, 16, 19, 22, and 25ºC) on the oviposition behavior of G. molesta. Females of G. molesta were placed in individual plastic containers, and the pre-oviposition period and the number of eggs laid were assessed until adult death. Temperature influenced the pre-oviposition period, and females kept at 22º were the first to lay their eggs. Oviposition occurred over a longer period of time at 13ºC than at the higher temperatures. The highest total number of eggs was obtained at 19ºC, with the mean daily oviposition being directly proportional to the temperature. There was a negative interaction between the pre-oviposition period and the total number of eggs laid by females. The most suitable temperature for oviposition of G. molesta was 19ºC.


Asunto(s)
Lepidópteros/anatomía & histología , Oviposición , Animales , Conducta Animal/fisiología , Oviposición/fisiología , Temperatura
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