Closed loop of main duct of pancreas: a rare variant configuration.

During routine dissection, duplication of main pancreatic duct extending from body to head region of pancreas was observed in a 78-year-old formalin fixed male cadaver. Main pancreatic duct gave a prominent branch which joined back the parent duct in head resulting in the formation of a closed loop. This gave the appearance of focal duplication in the form of a closed loop, an unusual variant. This was an incidental finding. Such cases usually remain asymptomatic; however, if undetected may be the cause of postoperative pancreatic fistula following pancreaticobiliary surgery. Knowledge of variable anatomy of pancreatic duct system became important to reduce the risk of postoperative complication and during various endoscopic guided procedures like drainage of pseudocyst or placement of stent into the duct.

Bilateral bifid ureter with unilateral renal vasculature variations.

During routine dissection of 82-year-old female cadaver with no known unfavorable medical history, we observed bilateral bifid ureter and variation in arterial supply of left kidney only. Careful examination revealed that there were bifid ureters on both sides enclosed in single facial sheath. It was also observed that both the ureter have different pattern of origin. On the right side, both the ureters were seen to be emerging from the hilum, one below another and joined together at the brim of the lesser pelvis just before crossing the right external iliac artery. Right kidney was supplied by single renal artery lying anterior to both the ureters. On the left side one ureter emerged from the hilum while the second one exited the kidney from a prominent lobule present below the inferior pole.