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1.
Pan Afr Med J ; 40: 266, 2021.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35251460

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is common in developing countries such as Benin. This germ may cause the development of gastroduodenal diseases, ranging from gastritis to gastric cancer. Several studies on this bacterium carried out in Benin have used serology, anatomopathological examination of biopsies or antigen detection test on stool sample collections. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection and factors associated with H. pylori infection using a respiratory test. The bacterium could cause chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa and peptic ulcer disease or, more rarely, gastric cancer or lymphoma. METHODS: we conducted a prospective, descriptive study of 150 patients who performed carbon-14 urea breath test. Only patients admitted for respiratory test and who gave their consent were included. A survey was completed by all patients during the study. Simple univariate logistic regression analysis identified factors associated with H. pylori infection at a threshold of 0.05. Multivariate analysis included in the model all variables with a p-value less than 0.20. Manual top-down procedure was used until the final model was obtained, which allowed the retention of adjusted odds ratios for factors associated. RESULTS: the average age of patients was 44.4±15.8 years, ranging from 5 to 84 years; men accounted for 54% of the study population. Of the 150 subjects, 82 (57.8%) had higher education level, compared with 8 (5.6%) who were not educated, 116 (80.6%) lived with a partner, 24 (36%) lived in a room with more than 10 people and 84 (59.6%) were christians. The main reasons why respiratory tests were performed were: poorly systematized abdominal pain (53.3%; 70/150), epigastric induced pain (35.3%; 53/150), epigastralgia (20.7%; 31/150), ulcer syndrome (16%; 24/150). Respiratory test showed that the prevalence of H. pylori in the study population was 34.7% (52/150). In multivariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with H. pylori infection were: mean age [aOR (95% CI) = 1.02; OR (95% CI) = 1.00-1.05 and p = 0.01] and prior treatment for H. pylori eradication [aOR (95% CI) = 4.79; OR (95% CI) = 1.50-13.86 and p = 0.006]. No comorbidity was associated with H. pylori infection in our series. CONCLUSION: the prevalence of H. pylori using this method was low (34.7%). It was significantly associated with mean age and prior treatment for H. pylori eradication.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Helicobacter , Helicobacter pylori , Adulto , Pruebas Respiratorias , Radioisótopos de Carbono , Infecciones por Helicobacter/complicaciones , Infecciones por Helicobacter/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Helicobacter/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Urea/análisis
2.
Pan Afr Med J ; 39: 18, 2021.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34394809

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: cancer is a major cause of death in the world. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, therapeutic and prognostic features of cancers of the pancreas (CP) at the National Hospital and University Center of Cotonou. METHODS: we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study with a prospective and retrospective data collection over a period of ten years, from 1 October 2009 to 31 October 2019. RESULTS: out of 15.102 hospitalizations, we identified 72 cases of CP, reflecting a hospitalization rate of 0.5%. The average age of patients was 59 years. The sex-ratio (H/F) was 1.5. The main reason for consultation was abdominal pain. More than half (51.4%) of patients had metastatic tumor at the time of diagnosis. Histological evidence of adenocarcinoma was only reported in 15.1% of cases. The rate of operable patients was 37.5% while the rate of resectable patients was 2.7%. Palliative chemotherapy was given to 13.9% of patients. The average cost of treatment was 955.882,4 FCFA (23.9 times the Guaranteed Interprofessional Minimum Wage in Benin). Median overall survival was 6 months. Mortality rate was 86.9% (53/61), survival rate at one year was 31.4%, and zero at five years. Palliative surgery (p = 0.021) and chemotherapy (p = 0.023) improved patient survival. CONCLUSION: cancer of the pancreas, due to its non-specific signs and insidious outcome, is often diagnosed at a late stage. A metastatic tumor and the limited individual and institutional therapeutic possibilities lead to more pejorative prognosis.


Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/epidemiología , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/epidemiología , Adenocarcinoma/patología , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Benin , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/patología , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/terapia , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia
3.
Pan Afr Med J ; 39: 167, 2021.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34539963

RESUMEN

Multifocal tuberculosis is rare in immunocompetent subjects. It is characterized by the involvement of at least two extra-pulmonary sites, associated or not with lung disease. It is often difficult to diagnose. We here report a case of multifocal tuberculosis in a non-immunocompromised black African subject at the Hubert Koutoukou Maga National Hospital and University Center (CNHU-HKM) in Cotonou, Benin. The study involved a 23-year-old man, with no particular previous history, admitted with diffuse abdominal pain associated with alteration of general state. Clinical examination showed severe malnutrition and medium-volume ascites. Imaging tests (chest X-ray, ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) scan) showed multiple lung, liver, pancreatic, bone, lymph nodes and colic lesions suggesting multimetastatic tumor. Colonoscopy then showed budding lesion of the cecum. GeneXpert test showed Koch´s bacilli. The anatomo-pathological examination of colic biopsies and GeneXpert sputum test confirmed multifocal tuberculosis. The patient received antituberculosis treatment and nutritional support. However he died. Multifocal tuberculosis is a serious disease that is difficult to diagnose. Then it is frequently mis-diagnosed in tropical areas, especially when it occurs in immunocompetent patients.


Asunto(s)
Antituberculosos/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias del Colon/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis/diagnóstico , Dolor Abdominal/etiología , Benin , Población Negra , Neoplasias del Colon/patología , Colonoscopía , Resultado Fatal , Humanos , Inmunocompetencia , Masculino , Desnutrición/diagnóstico , Apoyo Nutricional/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Tuberculosis/terapia , Adulto Joven
4.
Pan Afr Med J ; 40: 30, 2021.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34733398

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: hepatitis C is a public health problem worldwide, in particular in sub-Saharan Africa. The purpose of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies and associated factors during a voluntary general population screening program in Benin. METHOD: we conducted a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study in 4 big cities of 4 different departments in Benin in July 2016. All volunteers of all ages, residing in these targeted cities, who gave their informed consent were included in the study. ImuMed HCV Rapid Diagnostic Test (Healgen Scientific LLC, USA) was used. Logistic regression analysis was also used to identify factors associated with hepatitis C virus infection. RESULTS: a total of 2809 volunteers with an average age of 25.9 ± 16.5 years (ranging from 0 to 86 years) were included in the study; 53.9% (1514/2809) of them were men and 46.1% (1295/2809) were women. More than half of the study population consisted of single (59.1%; 1612/2726); 41.3% (1074/2809) were pupils or students. VHC Seroprevalence was 1.5% (42/2809). In multivariate analysis, the variables significantly associated with anti-HCV carriage were: be 60 years old and older (aOR: 46.9, 95% CI 10.2-216.0; p<0.0001) and a history of alcoholism (aOR: 6.3; 95% CI 95% 3.3-12.1; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: in the general population, the seroprevalence of anti-HCV antibodies was 1.5%. HCV infection mainly occurred in people aged 60 years and older and in those with a history of alcoholism.


Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis C/sangre , Hepatitis C/epidemiología , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Alcoholismo/epidemiología , Benin/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Hepatitis C/diagnóstico , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Adulto Joven
5.
Pan Afr Med J ; 37: 247, 2020.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33552365

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: hepatitis B is a global public health problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its associated factors based on data from a mass screening in several localities across Benin. METHOD: we conducted a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study with prospective data collection. Data collection was carried out during voluntary free hepatitis B screening organized by the Rotary Club in 23 localities across Benin from the 20th to 28th July 2019. Rapid test for diagnostic orientation was used for the detection of HBs antigen. RESULTS: a total of 9035 volunteers were included in the study. They were mostly of Benin origin (99%), with a mean age of 27 years; 51.1% of them were singles, mainly schoolchildren, pupils or students (37.9%). HBV seroprevalence was 6% (545/9035) [95%CI=5.5%-6.5%]. In univariate analysis, factors associated with HBs Ag colonization were: age, sex, marital status, education level, occupation and a history of diabetes, scarification and hepatitis C, while in multivariate analysis they were: sex, age and education level. CONCLUSION: HBV seroprevalence is 6% in the study population. HBV infection mainly affects male subjects over 17 years of age with secondary-level education.


Asunto(s)
Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B/sangre , Hepatitis B/epidemiología , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Benin/epidemiología , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Hepatitis B/diagnóstico , Hepatitis C/epidemiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Estudios Prospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Estudios Seroepidemiológicos , Adulto Joven
6.
Pan Afr Med J ; 34: 210, 2019.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32180884

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Constipation is rare in sub-Saharan Africa, due to the high intake of dietary fiber. The purpose of this work was to describe the different clinical features of functional constipation in the general population in Cotonou and to determine the impact of diet on its occurrence. METHODS: This study was conducted from July to August 2017. Subjects were considered affected by functional constipation when criteria for Rome IV or Bristol stool scale were completed. RESULTS: In total, 1058 participants were enrolled: (574 men, sex-ratio 1.2; average age 29 years). The prevalence of functional constipation was 24.2% (Rome IV) and 20.4% (Bristol stool scale). Clinical manifestations were dominated by the emission of hard or fragmented stools (90.6%), pushing efforts during defecation (78.9%), and feeling of incomplete evacuation (76.2%). Dietary habits among people affected by constipation were: at breakfast, maize meal + donut/peanuts (39.1%), lunch, corn dough (38.7%), at dinner, corn dough (57.4%), and as a snack banana (35.5%). There was no statistically significant relationship between constipation and morning meal (p=0.09), lunch meal (p=0.901), snack (p=0.09) or dinner (p=0.75) respectively. CONCLUSION: The emission of hard or fragmented stools was the most common clinical manifestation among people affected by constipation living in Cotonou. Dietary habits do not influence the occurrence of functional constipation in our case series.


Asunto(s)
Estreñimiento/epidemiología , Heces , Conducta Alimentaria , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Benin/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Adulto Joven
7.
Pan Afr Med J ; 31: 121, 2018.
Artículo en Francés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31037181

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: the association between the kidneys and hepatitis B is complex. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with renal disease in people living with hepatitis B virus (PLHBV) in Cotonou. METHODS: we conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study in the Hepatogastroenterology Department at the National University Hospital Center in Cotonou over the period May -August 2017. All the patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) test hospitalized in the study period were included. The diagnosis of renal failure was retained in patients with glomerular filtration rate less than 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 (estimated with MDRD Equation). RESULTS: the study involved 105 patients with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBS Ag) test Among them, 65 (61.9%) were under anti-HBV treatment ( 62 of them were under tenofovir ); 41 patients had renal failure (39%) with tubular involvement (2 cases) and glomerular involvement (4 cases). Renal function had got progressively worse over time in 22 patients (21%) and had improved in 6 patients (5.7%). Univariate analysis showed that factors associated with the occurrence of renal failure were: age greater than 50 years (p = 0.0125), high blood pressure (p = 0.0037), initially abnormal renal function (p < 0.0003) and co-medications (p = 0.0007). Anti-HBV treatment wasn't associated with the occurrence of renal failure (p = 0.2887). CONCLUSION: the prevalence of renal failure in PLHBV was high (39%). Age, arterial hypertension, pre-existing renal failure and co-medications were identified as factors associated with decline in renal function in PLHBV.


Asunto(s)
Antivirales/administración & dosificación , Antígenos de Superficie de la Hepatitis B/sangre , Hepatitis B/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Renal/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Benin/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Hospitales Universitarios , Humanos , Hipertensión/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Tenofovir/administración & dosificación , Adulto Joven
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