RESUMEN
4'-n-Butoxy-2,4-dimethoxy-chalcone (MBC) has been described as protecting mice from an otherwise lethal infection with Plasmodium yoelii when dosed orally at 50 mg/kg/dose, daily for 5 days. In contrast, we found that oral dosing of MBC at 640 mg/kg/dose, daily for 5 days, failed to extend the survivability of P. berghei-infected mice. The timing of compound administration and metabolic activation likely contribute to the outcome of efficacy testing in vivo. Microsomal digest of MBC yielded 4'-n-butoxy-4-hydroxy-2-methoxy-chalcone and 4'-(1-hydroxy-n-butoxy)-2,4-dimethoxy-chalcone. We propose that the latter will hydrolyze in vivo to 4'-hydroxy-2,4-dimethoxy-chalcone, which has greater efficacy than MBC in our P. berghei-infected mouse model and was detected in plasma following oral dosing of mice with MBC. Pharmacokinetic parameters suggest that poor absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion properties contribute to the limited in vivo efficacy observed for MBC and its analogs.
Asunto(s)
Antimaláricos/farmacocinética , Chalconas/farmacocinética , Malaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Microsomas Hepáticos/metabolismo , Plasmodium berghei/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Antimaláricos/sangre , Antimaláricos/farmacología , Antimaláricos/uso terapéutico , Biotransformación , Chalconas/sangre , Chalconas/farmacología , Chalconas/uso terapéutico , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Resistencia a Medicamentos , Semivida , Humanos , Concentración 50 Inhibidora , Malaria/sangre , Malaria/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Estructura Molecular , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray , Análisis de Supervivencia , Espectrometría de Masas en TándemRESUMEN
Investigation of a series of 1-phenyl-3-aryl-2-propen-1-ones resulted in the identification of nine inhibitors with submicromolar efficacy against at least one Plasmodium falciparum strain in vitro. These inhibitors were inactive when given orally in a Plasmodium berghei infected mouse model. Significant compound degradation occurred upon their exposure to a liver microsome preparation, suggesting metabolic instability may be responsible for the lack of activity in vivo.