Scale for the Environment Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice: Construct validation.

AIM: Testing the validity and reliability of the Scale for the Environments Evaluation of Professional Nursing Practice (SEE-Nursing Practice). BACKGROUND: The environment of professional nursing practice is key to achieve better results for clients, nurses and institutions. Therefore, instruments enabling the assessment of all its attributes are required. METHOD: Cross-sectional methodological study. The SEE-Nursing Practice, based on a previous qualitative study and literature review, was applied as a questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess construct validity. RESULTS: A total of 752 nurses participated in the study. Exploratory factor analysis of the SEE-Nursing Practice led to a factor solution with 93 items and three subscales. The Structure, Process and Outcome subscales, respectively, have 43, 37 and 13 items, loaded in 6 factors, 6 factors and 2 factors and explaining 62.6%, 59.2% and 67.4% of the total variance. Cronbach's alpha of the overall scale and of the 3 subscales was greater than 0.90. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit. CONCLUSION: SEE-Nursing Practice is a good valid and reliable instrument. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The SEE-Nursing Practice enables assessing practice environments and is a tool for nursing managers in the definition of strategies ensuring favourable environments for nursing care quality.

Behavior of nursing managers and leaders when errors are disclosed in the media. / Posicionamento de gestores e lideranças de enfermagem diante dos erros divulgados na mídia.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the behavior of nursing managers and leaders when nursing errors are disclosed in the media. METHODOLOGY: A qualitative, retrospective, documental study of the collection carried out in newspapers in Brazil and Portugal, between 2012 and 2016. Analysis performed at Atlas.ti, using a Ricoeur technique based on Habermas Theory of Communicative Action. RESULTS: Managers and caretakers focused on the workforce, continuing with the opening of internal syndication, removal of position and dismissal. How to lead the discipline process, carrying out inspections, requesting documents and questioning about the facts, as well as repudiating some disclosed notes. CONCLUSION: Leaderships in nursing played a crucial role in developing a complex problem strategy. However, this was not done efficiently.

Contributions of Paulo Freire to understanding the dialogic leadership exercise of nurses in the hospital setting. / Contribuições freirianas para entender o exercício da liderança dialógica dos enfermeiros no ambiente hospitalar.

OBJECTIVE: To know the understanding of nurses regarding the exercise of dialogic leadership in the hospital setting, and the challenges of leadership. METHODS: Qualitative and exploratory-descriptive study Thirty-five nurses of a mid-sized hospital in the city of Pelotas/RS participated in this study. Data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews, subsequently analysed using the operative proposal of Minayo. RESULTS: The results led to the following categories: exercise of dialogic leadership and challenges in the exercise of dialogic leadership. Dialogic leadership is understood as being the nurses' ability to coordinate and organise the nursing team in horizontally-oriented relationships guided by dialogue. Regarding the challenges, the nurses stressed the lack of professional experience, and relationships of hierarchy and power. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Leadership based on dialogue can facilitate the management of care, of the nursing team, and of health services.

[Conflict management: challenges experienced by nurse-leaders in the hospital environment]. / Gerenciamento de conflitos: desafios vivenciados pelos enfermeiros-líderes no ambiente hospitalar.

This study aimed to understand the main conflicts experienced by nurses-leaders in the hospital environment, as well as the strategies adopted to face them.The study reflects a qualitative descriptive type approach, which was used in the case study as research strategy. The study included 25 nurses who worked in three hospitals in the city of Florianopolis, Santa Catarina. Information where obtained in the months of May to December of 2010 through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation and dialogical workshops. Data were analyzed using the Thematic Analysis. The results demonstrated the predominant of interpersonal conflicts involving the multidisciplinary team, nurses and the nursing staff Adopting a participatory leadership, based on dialogue emerges as a strategy for coping with conflicts in the hospital environment.

Nursing care management concepts: scoping review.

OBJECTIVES: to clarify the concepts of Nursing Care Management and Nursing Care Administration in the scientific literature, highlighting approximations and distances between the terms. METHODS: scoping review as per Joanna Briggs Institute protocol and preferred reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The searches were performed in LILACS, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases. RESULTS: the qualitative analysis, through content analysis, counted 49 studies published between 2007 and 2020. Hospital care was the most evident level of care. It was identified that nursing care management aims at the macropolitical performance of nurses and mobilizes skills essentially strategic-cognitive, while Nursing Care Administration aims at the micropolitical performance of nurses, requiring essentially strategic-administrative skills. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the study allowed us to propose the conceptualization of the terms and identify the approximations and distances between them.

Nurses' Work Methods Assessment Scale: a study of content validation.

OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate the content of the Nurses' Work Methods Assessment Scale. METHODS: Methodological study conducted between January and February 2022, based on the Quality Standards for Nursing Care and Imogene King's framework. A literature review was previously undertaken to design the scale. The content validation was carried out by 23 experts. RESULTS: The initial version consisted of 40 items organized in four work methods identified in the literature. In the first dimension, from ten items, seven were considered, and one was reformulated. Seven of the initial ten items were considered in the second version. The third dimension consisted of seven items. In the fourth dimension, three items were reformulated, and three were excluded, leaving seven items. The final version ended with 28 items, whose Content Validity Index ranged between 0.83 and 1. CONCLUSIONS: The involvement of experts has become pivotal in the development and validation of the items, providing confidence to the continuity of psychometric procedures.

[Technological innovation and healthcare professionals' workloads: an ambiguous relationship]. / Inovação tecnológica e cargas de trabalho dos profissionais de saúde: uma relação ambígua.

This is an integrative review with the aim of tracing the scientific production concerning the influence of technological innovation in health care professionals' workloads. Fifty-seven (57) publications presented from 2004 to 2009 were selected from the LILACS and PubMed databases. In the selected studies field research using qualitative approaches and carried out in hospitals predominated. No study had the purpose to analyze the relationship between technological innovation and workloads. In studies involving technological innovation, publications concerning information and communication technologies and new forms of work organizations were highlighted studies concerning conditions which promote stress and Burnout predominated in the workloads theme. Results show an ambiguous relationship between technological innovation and workloads, which are either increased or diminished by innovations.

Management in the Family Health Strategy: workloads and structured institutional violence.

OBJECTIVES: to understand the relationship between workloads and institutional violence in Family Health Strategy managers' practice. METHODS: qualitative research using theoretical triangulation and data from semi-structured interviews. Participants were 35 managers of Basic Health Units in the five Regions of Brazil, who worked in the Family Health Strategy. We used thematic analysis and ATLAS.ti for data analysis. RESULTS: workloads were analyzed, showing relationships with institutional violence. Thematic categories emerged: "related to the management work itself"; "related to other instances of health system management"; "related to users and community". There was an interrelationship between increased managers' workloads and institutional violence. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the Family Health Strategy is relevant for universal access to health and requires favorable institutional conditions for its effectiveness. Adverse scenarios lead to increased workloads, approaching institutional violence.

Environments of professional nursing practice in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Although COVID-19 attracted attention to the environments of professional nursing practice, triggering a series of responses to address some of the most pressing problems, it is important to identify the size and scope of other weaknesses that have emerged. METHODS: In an observational and cross-sectional study, using the Scale for the Evaluation of the Environment of Professional Nursing Practice, 752 nurses from a Portuguese university hospital, provided socio-demographic and professional data about the components structure, process and outcome of their professional nursing environment. Data collection took place from June 1-30, 2020, immediately after the first critical period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. RESULTS: In the analysed environment of professional nursing practice, Process factors were favourable to the quality of care, while the Structure and Outcome factors had a moderately favourable effect. Structure factors related to work contexts (P < .001) and nursing functions in patient care areas with COVID-19 (P = .001). Process factors related significantly to work contexts (P < .001). A significant association was found between Outcome factors and work contexts (P < .001) and nursing functions in patient care areas with COVID-19 (P = .005). CONCLUSION: The environments of professional nursing practice in the hospital under study are moderately favourable to the quality of care. However, the need to invest in nurses' participation, involvement and professional qualification is clear. Maintenance of a sustainable nursing workforce requires attention to be given to ensuring that practice environments are conducive to the quality of care and geared to promoting professional involvement and job satisfaction among nurses.

Violence against nursing workers: repercussions on patient access and safety.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze the repercussions of violence against nursing professionals, in the access and safety of patients in Family Health Strategy. METHODS: a mixed study, with 169 nursing professionals. We used a socio-labor questionnaire, Survey Questionnaire Workplace Violence in the Health Sector, a patient safety instrument and interviews. RESULTS: verbal aggression was related to support (p=0.048), respect (p=0.021), hours of care (p=0.047) and patient safety behaviors (p=0.033) among professionals. Suffering from bullying was related to fear of questioning when something is wrong (p=0.010) and lack of support from management (p=0.016). Victims of physical violence felt that their mistakes could be used against them. Mixed data converge and confirm that violence affects professional behavior and puts Primary Health Care attributes at risk. CONCLUSIONS: violence affects workers' behavior, interferes with the care provided, weakens the access and safety of patients.

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Professional Nursing Practice in the Context of Hospitals.

The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed challenges to health systems and institutions, which had to quickly create conditions to meet the growing health needs of the population. Thus, this study aimed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on professional nursing practice environments and to identify the variables that affected their quality. Quantitative, observational study, conducted in 16 Portuguese hospitals, with 1575 nurses. Data were collected using a questionnaire and participants responded to two different moments in time: the pre-pandemic period and after the fourth critical period of COVID-19. The pandemic had a positive impact on the Structure and Outcome components, and a negative trend in the Process component. The variables associated with the qualification of the components and their dimensions were predominantly: work context, the exercise of functions in areas of assistance to COVID-19 patients, length of professional experience and length of experience in the service. The investment in professional practice environments impacted the improvement of organizational factors, supporting the development of nurses' work towards the quality of care. However, it is necessary to invest in nurses' participation, involvement and professional qualifications, which are aspects strongly dependent on the institutions' management strategies.

[Nursing workloads and working conditions: integrative review]. / Cargas de trabalho e condições de trabalho da enfermagem: revisão integrativa.

This study reviews theoretical production concerning workloads and working conditions for nurses. For that, an integrative review was carried out using scientific articles, theses and dissertations indexed in two Brazilian databases, Virtual Health Care Library (Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde) and Digital Database of Dissertations (Banco Digital de Teses), over the last ten years. From 132 identified studies, 27 were selected. Results indicate workloads as responsible for professional weariness, affecting the occurrence of work accidents and health problems. In order to adequate workloads studies indicate some strategies, such as having an adequate numbers of employees, continuing education, and better working conditions. The challenge is to continue research that reveal more precisely the relationships between workloads, working conditions, and health of the nursing team.

Workplace violence: legislation, public policies and possibility of advances for health workers.

OBJECTIVES: to discuss specific laws and public policies for workplace violence in the health sector, highlighting possibilities for the collective confrontation of this phenomenon in Brazil. METHODS: this is a reflective and argumentative study that refers to some previous experiences regarding the implementation of legal aspects to curb workplace violence directed at health professionals. RESULTS: there are experiences regarding the existence of legislation or public policies to specifically contain workplace violence in the health sector, but these are still restricted to some places or countries. The literature provides resources for developing specific strategies for managing this phenomenon, highlighting prevention programs and conducts for case management. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: implementation of legal aspects or public policies at the municipal, regional, state and/or national level is a strategy with potential to confront workplace violence in health services in a collective and sustainable way.

Strategies for changing the nursing preceptorship activity in Primary Health Care.

OBJECTIVES: to present actions to qualify preceptorship and teaching-health service integration to strengthen nursing training in PHC internship. METHODS: qualitative research, developed through the Appreciative Inquiry Research carried out with eight nurses, both from the fields of teaching and health service, within Primary Health Care. The production and documentation of information took place between April and June 2019, through five meetings that characterized the four phases that make up the "4D cycle": Discovery, Dream, Design, and Destiny. Ethical issues were respected. RESULTS: the participants dreamed of the best scenario for preceptorship and built a schedule of actions related to the qualification of preceptorship in Nursing and the strengthening of teaching-health service integration. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: it is possible, through effective participation of the actors involved in teaching and practice, the collective development of goals and actions, aiming at the qualification of nursing education.

Implementation of COVID-19 telemonitoring: repercussions in Nursing academic training.

OBJECTIVE: To report the repercussions of implementing the monitoring of suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Nursing academic training. METHOD: A descriptive experience report by 14 students and four professors of a Nursing course located in the South of Brazil, in the monitoring of COVID-19 cases throughout June and August 2020. RESULTS: Monitoring was performed by phone, and it provided repercussions on academic training in the following dimensions: care, managerial, educational and research; such dimensions fostering teaching-service integration and providing opportunities for the development of work tools that promote access to services and qualification of the nurses' clinical practice. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Monitoring reinforced the importance of the technological and technical-scientific development of nurses, focusing on the use of new devices for monitoring and supporting users, seeking to promote comprehensive health.

Nursing practices in the family health strategy in Brazil: interfaces with illness.

OBJECTIVE: To identify Nursing practices in the Family Health Strategy in Brazil and interfaces in the illness of these professionals. METHOD: Qualitative research, carried out in the five Regions of Brazil, with 79 nursing professionals from 20 health units. Data were collected from 2015 to 2017, using interviews, observation and documentary study. The analysis with the aid of the software ATLAS.ti 8.0, guided by the theorization of the Work Process and Workloads. RESULTS: The practices of the care dimension prevailed, followed by the administrative-managerial and educational dimensions. The illness resulting from workloads, predominantly psychic, was related to care practices, potentiated by overload and poor working conditions. CONCLUSION: The centrality of nursing practices in the dimension of care and administrative management characterized the professional work in Primary Care. The findings indicate that improved working conditions may minimize the wear and tear of these professionals in this scenario.

Fragilities and potentialities in the training of nurse leaders.

OBJECTIVE: To know the perception of nursing professors about the fragilities and potentialities in the training of nurse leaders. METHOD: Multiple case study, with a qualitative approach, performed with 36 nursing professors from a public university in the State of Bahia, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, interpreted in the light of Paulo Freire's theoretical framework and analyzed according to Thematic Analysis and the Nvivo®11 software. RESULTS: Were highlighted as fragilities the need to improve the transversality of leadership throughout graduation and teaching focused on the banking model. The potentialities refer to the insertion of the students in the practice scenarios, enabling the approximation with the nursing and multidisciplinary teams, the use of active methodologies and participation in research groups. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Professors consider the importance of problematizing pedagogical practices and invest in methodological strategies capable of promoting the training of nurse leaders.

The COVID-19 pandemic and nurses' attitudes toward death.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze nurses' attitudes toward death in a hospital context after the critical period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Portugal. METHOD: this quantitative, descriptive, exploratory study was conducted in a university hospital and addressed 995 nurses. Revised Death Attitude Profile (DAP-R) was used to collect data, which were analyzed using analytical and inferential statistics. RESULTS: the nurses most frequently agreed with the statements concerning the Neutral/Neutrality Acceptance and Fear. Age, marital status, profession, and unit of work influenced the nurses' attitudes toward death. During the critical pandemic period, the nurses providing care to patients with COVID-19 presented the following means: Fear (28.89/±8.521) and Avoidance Acceptance (18.35/±7.116), which were higher than the mean obtained in the Escape Acceptance dimension, with significant differences (p=0.004). CONCLUSION: the nurses held Fear and Avoidance attitudes, revealing the need to qualify and support Nursing workers to cope with the death of those they provide care and manage pandemics and catastrophes.

[Syndrome of burnout among the workers of the strategy of health of the family]. / Sindrome de burnout entre os trabalhadores da estratégia de saúde da familia.

This descriptive study was developed with sixteen Family Health Strategy teams from Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul), with the objective to identify works with the Burnout syndrome and the variables associated with this disorder. The sample consisted of 86 workers, representing 86.3% of professionals (physicians, nurses, nursing technicians, dentists and dental office assistants) and 30.2% of community health agents, who answered the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The average age of the group was 36.94 +/- 9.3 years, with a predominance of females (84.9%). Most participants had a partner (68.2%), children (69.4%), have worked in the team for, in average, 3.38 +/- 1.9 years and do not exercise regularly (62.8%). Six workers (6.9%) presented the Burnout Syndrome, which has a statistically significant association (p = 0.034) with the young age variable. Younger subjects obtained higher scores on the subscales for emotional distress and depersonalitation on the Burnout Inventory.

[Dialogical leadership in hospitals institutions]. / Liderança dialógica nas instituições hospitalares.

The aim of this study is make a theorical-reflection about the importance of using dialogical leadership in hospital institutions through Freirean referencial. The dialogical leadership pattern differs from the coercive and autocratic methods, for being reasoned on the establishment of an efficient communicational process, able to stimulate autonomy, co-responsibility and appreciation of each member from nurse team. The dialogical leadership, unlike the directive one, is a management instrument, that pursuits to minimize the conflicts and stimulate the formation of healthy interpersonal relationships, which can contribute to the improvement of organizational atmosphere and quality care provided to health services users.