Antimicrobial profile of some novel keto esters: Synthesis, crystal structures and structure-activity relationship studies.

Rapid increase in bacterial resistance has become a major public concern by escalating alongside a lack of development of new anti-infective drugs. Novel remedies in the battle against multidrug-resistant bacterial strains are urgently needed. So, in this context, the present work is towards the investigation of antimicrobial efficacy of some novel keto ester derivatives, which are prepared by the condensation of substituted benzoic acids with various substituted phenacyl bromides in dimethylformamide at room temperature using triethylamine as a catalyst. The structural build-up of the target compounds was accomplished by spectroscopic techniques including FTIR, (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The purity of the synthesized compounds was ascertained by elemental analysis. The molecular structures of compounds (4b) and (4l) were established by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The prepared analogues were evaluated for their antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus leuteus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas picketti, Salmonella setuball) bacteria and two fungal pathogenic strains (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus), respectively. Among the screened derivatives, several compounds were found to possess significant activity but (4b) and (4l) turned out to be lead molecules with remarkable antimicrobial efficacy. The structure-activity relationship analysis of this study also revealed that structural modifications on the basic skeleton affected the antimicrobial activity of the synthesized compounds.

Lipedematous Alopecia: Clinical, Histopathological, and Trichoscopic Findings of a Single Case and Review of the Literature.

A 66-year-old African woman suffered from a boggy thickening of the scalp in the frontoparietal area and the vertex accompanied by headache since infancy. In her thirties, she developed diffuse hair loss in the same area. Clinical and trichoscopic examination were unhelpful, but the histopathological and radiologic findings led to a diagnosis by demonstrating thick subcutaneous adipose tissue. First described in 1935 by Cornbleet [Arch Dermatol Syphilol. 1935; 32: 688], lipedematous scalp is a rare scalp disease marked by a soft thickening of the scalp. A similar clinicopathologic entity associated with nonscarring but permanent acquired alopecia was described in 1961 by Coskey et al. [Arch Dermatol. 1961 Oct; 84(4): 619-22] and termed lipedematous alopecia. In this article, we report a rare case of lipedematous alopecia with emphasis on a trichoscopic and histopathological description with review of the literature. Our case highlights the importance of palpation during the clinical examination. It remains to be determined whether this is actually a specific disease entity or a combination of 2 separate conditions. Symptomatic treatment is advisable given the lack of robust published data on treatment. Only 40 cases of lipedematous alopecia and 52 cases of lipedematous scalp have been published in the literature. Our case is the 93rd.

Structures of the hydrate and dihydrate forms of the DNA-binding radioprotector methyl-pro-amine.

Methyl pro-amine {N,N,3-trimethyl-4-[6-(4-methyl-piperazin-1-yl)-1H,3'H-[2,5'-bibenzo[d]imidazol]-2'-yl]aniline}, C28H35N7O2, crystallized as both a dihydrate, C28H31N7·2H2O, and monohydrate, C28H31N7·H2O, form from water in the presence of ß-cyclo-dextrin, in the P21/c and P21/n space groups, respectively. The two structures adopt different conformations and tautomeric forms as a result of the differing crystal packing as dictated by hydrogen-bonding inter-actions. The dihydrate crystallizes as a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network, while the monohydrate crystallizes as a two-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network.

The effects of σ(C-Se)-π hyperconjugation in 1-methoxy- and 1-nitro-4-[(phenylselanyl)methyl]benzene.

The structures of 1-methoxy-4-[(phenylselanyl)methyl]benzene, C14H14OSe, (1), and 1-nitro-4-[(phenylselanyl)methyl]benzene, C13H11NO2Se, (2), were determined at 130 K. The two structures, which differ in that (1) contains an electron-rich aromatic ring and (2) contains an electron-deficient aromatic ring, both adopt conformations which allow for σ(C-Se)-π hyperconjugation. However, although there are significant differences in the (77)Se chemical shifts for these two compounds, they do not display significantly different H2C-Se or H2C-C(ar) bond lengths, suggesting that the effects of σ(C-Se)-π hyperconjugation in (1) and (2) are not strong enough to be manifested in measurable differences in the structural parameters.