RESUMEN
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), a highly contagious disease caused by Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), results in huge economic losses to the world pig industry. MiRNAs have been reported to be involved in regulation of viral infection. In our study, miR-320 was one of 21 common differentially expressed miRNAs of Meishan, Pietrain, and Landrace pig breeds at 9-h post-infection (hpi). Bioinformatics and experiments found that PRRSV replication was inhibited by miR-320 through directly targeting PRRSV ORF6. In addition, the expression of CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB) was also inhibited by miR-320 by targeting the 3' UTR of CEBPB, which significantly promotes PRRSV replication. Intramuscular injection of pEGFP-N1-miR-320 verified that miR-320 significantly inhibited the replication of PRRSV and alleviated the symptoms caused by PRRSV in piglets. Taken together, miR-320 have significant roles in the infection and may be promising therapeutic target for PRRS.
Asunto(s)
MicroARNs , Síndrome Respiratorio y de la Reproducción Porcina , Virus del Síndrome Respiratorio y Reproductivo Porcino , Replicación Viral , Animales , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Porcinos , Virus del Síndrome Respiratorio y Reproductivo Porcino/fisiología , Síndrome Respiratorio y de la Reproducción Porcina/virología , Proteína beta Potenciadora de Unión a CCAAT/metabolismo , Proteína beta Potenciadora de Unión a CCAAT/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) against B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has been used to treat multiple myeloma (MM). CAR-T cells co-expressing a truncated human EGFR (tEGFR) has been proposed for in vivo cell ablation. METHODS: We designed and tested a novel anti-BCMA CAR. We transduced T cells with retroviral vectors encoding CAR and tEGFR. The anti-BCMA-CAR-transduced T cells were evaluated for the functions including cytokine production, proliferation, cytotoxicity, and in vivo tumor eradication of BCMA. Cetuximab was used for in vivo cell ablation. RESULTS: The CAR-T cells could specifically recognize BCMA, and anti-BCMA CAR-T cells could exhibit interferon-γ and cytotoxicity specifically produced by BCMA and eradicate tumor in vivo. Cetuximab could mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and in vivo elimination. CONCLUSIONS: We confirm that BCMA is a suitable target for CAR- T cells and tEGFR is a effective tool for cellular ablation.
Asunto(s)
Antígeno de Maduración de Linfocitos B/inmunología , Receptores ErbB/genética , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/métodos , Adulto , Animales , Antígeno de Maduración de Linfocitos B/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Femenino , Células HEK293 , Xenoinjertos , Humanos , Células K562 , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos NOD , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/inmunología , Neoplasias/terapia , Receptores Quiméricos de Antígenos/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Transgenes , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
Exosomal long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) derived from cancer cells are implicated in various processes, including cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and immunomodulation. We investigated the role and underlying mechanism of exosome-transmitted lncRNA NEAT1 in the immune escape of multiple myeloma cells from natural killer (NK) cells. Multiple myeloma cells and samples from patients with multiple myeloma were obtained. The effects of multiple myeloma cell-derived exosomes (multiple myeloma exosomes) and exosomal NEAT1 on the functions of NK cells were evaluated using EdU staining, CCK-8, flow cytometry, and ELISA. Chromatin and RNA immunoprecipitation were performed to identify interactions between NEAT1, enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), and pre-B-cell leukemia transcription factor 1 (PBX1). A xenograft tumor model was constructed to verify the effects of exosomal NEAT1 on tumor growth. qRT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and IHC were conducted to detect related genes. NEAT1 levels were upregulated in multiple myeloma tumor tissues, multiple myeloma cells, and multiple myeloma exosomes. Multiple myeloma exosomes suppressed cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, reduced natural killer group 2, member D (NKG2D)-positive cells, and the production of TNFα) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in NK cells, whereas NEAT1-silenced exosomes had little effect. NEAT1 silenced PBX1 by recruiting EZH2. PBX1 knockdown abrogated the effects of NEAT1-silenced exosomes on NK and multiple myeloma cells. NEAT1-silenced exosomes inhibited tumor growth in mice, decreased Ki67 and PD-L1, and increased NKG2D, TNFα, and IFNγ in tumor tissues. In summary, multiple myeloma cell-derived exosomal NEAT1 suppressed NK-cell activity by downregulating PBX1, promoting multiple myeloma cell immune escape. This study suggests a potential strategy for treating multiple myeloma. IMPLICATIONS: This study reveals that exosomal NEAT1 regulates EZH2/PBX1 axis to inhibit NK-cell activity, thereby promoting multiple myeloma cell immune escape, which offers a novel therapeutic potential for multiple myeloma.