The Effect of Testicular Torsion Duration on Testicular Steroidogenesis in the Rat Model.

BACKGROUND: Testicular torsion is an emergency condition in which spermatogenesis may be irreversibly damaged. There have been controversial results about the effect of testicular torsion on steroidogenesis. We aimed at investigating the effect of testicular torsion on steroidogenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 40 adult male rats were divided into 4 groups. Left testicles were removed in all groups. Right testicles were torsioned and remained in the torsion position for 1, 3 and 5 h in study groups, whereas no torsion was performed in control. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and total testosterone (TT) levels were measured on the 3rd and 30th days of surgery and orchiectomy was performed on the 30th day of testicular torsion for histopathological evaluation. RESULTS: TT levels of study groups were significantly lower than that of the control group on the 3rd day of torsion. LH of study groups was higher than that of the control group, but the difference was significant only in the 5 h-torsion group. The total number of Leydig cells increased in 1- and 3-h groups, whereas it decreased in the 5-hour group. CONCLUSION: Testosterone production and Leydig cell functions significantly decreased after 5 h torsion in the rat model. The duration of torsion less than 5 h yielded partial dysfunction on steroidogenesis.

Re-evaluation of cases with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors between 2004 and 2012 according to the 2010 criteria.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: We re-evaluated the clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) diagnosed in our pathology laboratory between 2004 and 2012 and re-classified them according to the WHO-2000 and WHO-2010 criteria. METHODOLOGY: The study included NET samples of 106 patients having gastroenteropancreatic and hepatobiliary tumors. The histopathological findings were re-assessed. The cases were re-appraised based on the WHO-2000 and WHO-2010 criteria. The association between survival and Ki-67 index was analysed. RESULTS: The most frequent localization was the stomach. The average tumor size was 3.0±4.1 cm. Differentiation was poor in 17 cases (16.0%). Lymphovascular invasion was detected in 16.1% (n = 17) and necrosis was identified in 15.1% (n = 16). The average number of Ki-67 was 9.1±19.9. Ki-67 measurements were significantly higher in patients who died compared to those who survived (p <0.01). In ROC analysis, the cut-off point for Ki-67 was 5. CONCLUSIONS: Our study is a single-center study comprising patients from Turkey for a period of 8 years. We found that the most frequent localization is the stomach. This ratio is associated with common use of endoscopy in our center. The specimens were re-evaluated according to the WHO-2000 and WHO-2010 classification systems the data and terminology have been updated.

Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: a case series of 9 patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Solid pseudopapillary tumor is a rare exocrine tumor of the pancreas. There is no clear consensus on its etiology, origin and treatment. In this study, the clinical, pathological and immunohistochemical features of nine patients with solid pseudopapillary tumor were re-evaluated in view of the current literature findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied nine cases diagnosed with solid pseudopapillary tumor between 2005 and 2010. The clinical, pathological and laboratory data were analyzed. RESULTS: On microscopy, all tumors had well-defined borders and were separated from surrounding pancreatic tissue by a thick fibrous capsule. The tumor consisted mainly of pseudopapillary structures with focal solid areas accompanied by wide hemorrhagic and cystic regions. The typical morphological features were present to varying degrees. Of the nine cases, one relapsed approximately two years after the diagnosis, and our laboratory also evaluated the surgical specimen of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: While some new light has been shed on the clinicopathological features of solid pseudopapillary tumor concerning its etiology, origin and treatment methods, there is much to be understood. Further studies focusing on genetics, pathogenesis and prognosis are needed for a better understanding of this entity.