Nitrogen-Site Engineering in Covalent Organic Frameworks for H2O2 Photogeneration via Dual Channels of Indirect Two-Electron O2 Reduction.

Photocatalytic H2O2 production is a green and sustainable route, but far from meeting the increasing demands of industrialization due to the rapid recombination of the photogenerated charge carriers and the sluggish reaction kinetics. Effective strategies for precisely regulating the photogenerated carrier behavior and catalytic activity to construct high-performance photocatalysts are urgently needed. Herein, a nitrogen-site engineering strategy, implying elaborately tuning the species and densities of nitrogen atoms, is applied for H2O2 photogeneration performance regulation. Different nitrogen heterocycles, such as pyridine, pyrimidine, and triazine units, are polymerized with trithiophene units, and five covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with distinct nitrogen species and densities on the skeletons are obtained. Fascinatingly, they photocatalyzed H2O2 production via dominated two-electron O2 reduction processes, including O2-O2 •‒-H2O2 and O2-O2 •‒-O2 1-H2O2 dual pathways. Just in the air and pure water, the multicomponent TTA-TF-COF with the maximum nitrogen densities triazine nitrogen densities exhibited the highest H2O2 production rate of 3343 µmol g-1 h-1, higher than most of other reported COFs. The theoretical calculation revealed the higher activity is due to the easy formation of O2 •‒ and O2 1 in different catalytic process. This study gives a new insight into designing photocatalysis at atomic level.

Dual-Drug Nanomedicine Assembly with Synergistic Anti-Aneurysmal Effects via Inflammation Suppression and Extracellular Matrix Stabilization.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) represents a critical cardiovascular condition characterized by localized dilation of the abdominal aorta, carrying a significant risk of rupture and mortality. Current treatment options are limited, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. This study investigates the potential of a pioneering nanodrug delivery system, RAP@PFB, in mitigating AAA progression. RAP@PFB integrates pentagalloyl glucose (PGG) and rapamycin (RAP) within a metal-organic-framework (MOF) structure through a facile assembly process, ensuring remarkable drug loading capacity and colloidal stability. The synergistic effects of PGG, a polyphenolic antioxidant, and RAP, an mTOR inhibitor, collectively regulate key players in AAA pathogenesis, such as macrophages and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). In macrophages, RAP@PFB efficiently scavenges various free radicals, suppresses inflammation, and promotes M1-to-M2 phenotype repolarization. In SMCs, it inhibits apoptosis and calcification, thereby stabilizing the extracellular matrix and reducing the risk of AAA rupture. Administered intravenously, RAP@PFB exhibits effective accumulation at the AAA site, demonstrating robust efficacy in reducing AAA progression through multiple mechanisms. Moreover, RAP@PFB demonstrates favorable biosafety profiles, supporting its potential translation into clinical applications for AAA therapy.

Multicentre randomized clinical trial on robot-assisted versus video-assisted thoracoscopic oesophagectomy (REVATE trial).

BACKGROUND: Surgery for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma involves dissecting lymph nodes along the recurrent laryngeal nerve. This is technically challenging and injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve may lead to vocal cord palsy, which increases the risk of pulmonary complications. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of robot-assisted oesophagectomy (RAO) versus video-assisted thoracoscopic oesophagectomy (VAO) for dissection of lymph nodes along the left RLN. METHODS: Patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were scheduled for minimally invasive McKeown oesophagectomy were allocated randomly to RAO or VAO, stratified by centre. The primary endpoint was the success rate of left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection. Success was defined as the removal of at least one lymph node without causing nerve damage lasting longer than 6 months. Secondary endpoints were perioperative and oncological outcomes. RESULTS: From June 2018 to March 2022, 212 patients from 3 centres in Asia were randomized, and 203 were included in the analysis (RAO group 103; VAO group 100). Successful left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection was achieved in 88.3% of the RAO group and 69% of the VAO group (P < 0.001). The rate of removal of at least one lymph node according to pathology was 94.2% for the RAO and 86% for the VAO group (P = 0.051). At 1 week after surgery, the RAO group had a lower incidence of left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy than the VAO group (20.4 versus 34%; P = 0.029); permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy rates at 6 months were 5.8 and 20% respectively (P = 0.003). More mediastinal lymph nodes were dissected in the RAO group (median 16 (i.q.r. 12-22) versus 14 (10-20); P = 0.035). Postoperative complication rates were comparable between the two groups and there were no in-hospital deaths. CONCLUSION: In patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, RAO leads to more successful left recurrent laryngeal nerve lymph node dissection than VAO, including a lower rate of short- and long-term recurrent laryngeal nerve injury. Registration number: NCT03713749 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).

Oesophageal cancer often requires complex surgery. Recently, minimally invasive techniques like robot- and video-assisted surgery have emerged to improve outcomes. This study compared robot- and video-assisted surgery for oesophageal cancer, focusing on removing lymph nodes near a critical nerve. Patients with a specific oesophageal cancer type were assigned randomly to robot- or video-assisted surgery at three Asian hospitals. Robot-assisted surgery had a higher success rate in removing lymph nodes near the important nerve without permanent damage. It also had shorter operating times, more lymph nodes removed, and faster drain removal after surgery. In summary, for oesophageal cancer surgery, the robotic approach may provide better lymph node removal and less nerve injury than video-assisted techniques.

Tea polyphenol nanoparticles enable targeted siRNA delivery and multi-bioactive therapy for abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a life-threatening vascular disease, while there is a lack of pharmaceutical interventions to halt AAA progression presently. To address the multifaceted pathology of AAA, this work develops a novel multifunctional gene delivery system to simultaneously deliver two siRNAs targeting MMP-2 and MMP-9. The system (TPNs-siRNA), formed through the oxidative polymerization and self-assembly of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), efficiently encapsulates siRNAs during self-assembly. TPNs-siRNA safeguards siRNAs from biological degradation, facilitates intracellular siRNA transfection, promotes lysosomal escape, and releases siRNAs to silence MMP-2 and MMP-9. Additionally, TPNs, serving as a multi-bioactive material, mitigates oxidative stress and inflammation, fosters M1-to-M2 repolarization of macrophages, and inhibits cell calcification and apoptosis. In experiments with AAA mice, TPNs-siRNA accumulated and persisted in aneurysmal tissue after intravenous delivery, demonstrating that TPNs-siRNA can be significantly distributed in macrophages and VSMCs relevant to AAA pathogenesis. Leveraging the carrier's intrinsic multi-bioactive properties, the targeted siRNA delivery by TPNs exhibits a synergistic effect for enhanced AAA therapy. Furthermore, TPNs-siRNA is gradually metabolized and excreted from the body, resulting in excellent biocompatibility. Consequently, TPNs emerges as a promising multi-bioactive nanotherapy and a targeted delivery nanocarrier for effective AAA therapy.

A scoping review of the use of creative activities in stroke rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE: Clarifying the distinctions between art-based creative activities in the domains of occupational therapy and art therapy in the context of stroke rehabilitation, while also describing the effects of art-based creative activities on stroke rehabilitation. DESIGN: Scoping review. DATA SOURCE: A systematic search was performed in nine databases (Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and four Chinese database) from their inception to December 2023. REVIEW METHODS: The study included randomized and non-randomized controlled trials involving art-based creative activities, as well as qualitative research providing detailed intervention measures. The study focused on stroke patients, with primary outcomes related to patients' physiological recovery, psychological well-being, ADL, etc. Data extraction included information on intervention strategies and study results. RESULTS: Seventeen studies were included, extracting six similarities and differences in creative activity between two domains. Creative activities were observed to have positive impacts on daily living activities, limb motor function, fine motor ability, and emotional well-being in stroke patients. CONCLUSION: Creative activities, whether in occupational therapy or art therapy, involve providing participants with tangible crafting materials for the creation of artistic works. Future stroke rehabilitation practices should tailor activities and intervention focus based on patients' rehabilitation needs, preferences, and cultural background. The current comprehensive analysis provides initial support for the potential positive role of creative activities in stroke rehabilitation, but further in-depth research is needed to confirm their effectiveness.

Regulating the Topology of Covalent Organic Frameworks for Boosting Overall H2O2 Photogeneration.

Photocatalytic oxygen reduction reactions and water oxidation reactions are extremely promising green approaches for massive H2O2 production. Nonetheless, constructing effective photocatalysts for H2O2 generation is critical and still challenging. Since the network topology has significant impacts on the electronic properties of two dimensional (2D) polymers, herein, for the first time, we regulated the H2O2 photosynthetic activity of 2D covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by topology. Through designing the linking sites of the monomers, we synthesized a pair of novel COFs with similar chemical components on the backbones but distinct topologies. Without sacrificial agents, TBD-COF with cpt topology exhibited superior H2O2 photoproduction performance (6085 and 5448 µmol g-1 h-1 in O2 and air) than TBC-COF with hcb topology through the O2-O2⋅--H2O2, O2-O2⋅--O2 1-H2O2, and H2O-H2O2 three paths. Further experimental and theoretical investigations confirmed that during the H2O2 photosynthetic process, the charge carrier separation efficiency, O2⋅- generation and conversion, and the energy barrier of the rate determination steps in the three channels, related to the formation of *OOH, *O2 1, and *OH, can be well tuned by the topology of COFs. The current study enlightens the fabrication of high-performance photocatalysts for H2O2 production by topological structure modulation.

Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy was associated with better short-term survival of patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma compared to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

INTRODUCTION: The chemotherapy and immunotherapy combination is currently the primary strategy to treat metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCIT) is being intensively investigated for treating locally advanced ESCC. OBJECTIVE: We compared the efficacy and safety of NCIT and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) to treat locally advanced ESCC. METHODS: We included 214 locally advanced ESCC patients who were administered neoadjuvant therapy from May 2014 to April 2022. The patients were grouped according to two neoadjuvant protocols (NCIT and NCRT) routinely used at our institution. Perioperative findings, pathological results, and survival data were compared between the two groups by conducting unmatched and 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analyses. RESULTS: Following 1:1 PSM analysis of the confounders, 66 patients were allocated to each of the two groups. Time span between neoadjuvant therapy completion and esophagectomy was significantly longer after NCRT than that after NCIT (47.1 ± 13.2 days vs. 34.7 ± 8.8 days; p < 0.001). The NCIT group exhibited significantly greater number of harvested lymph nodes than the NCRT group (33.6 ± 12.7 vs. 21.7 ± 10.2; p < 0.001). The pathological complete response and major pathological response rates were similar between the two groups [NCIT group: 25.8% (17/66) and 62.1% (41/66), respectively; NCRT group: 27.3% (18/66) and 56.1% (37/66), respectively (p > 0.05)]. The overall incidence of pneumonia, anastomotic leakage, or postoperative complications did not differ significantly between the two groups. The 2-year cumulative overall survival rates and the 2-year disease-free survival rates of the NCIT and NCRT groups were 80.2% and 62.2%, respectively (p = 0.029) and 70.0% and 50.8%, respectively (p = 0.023). CONCLUSION: In locally advanced ESCC patients, short-term survival after NCIT is superior to that after NCRT, with similar perioperative and pathological outcomes.

Oxidized sodium alginate hydrogel-mouse nerve growth factor sustained release system promotes repair of peripheral nerve injury.

In recent years, mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF) has emerged as an important biological regulator to repair peripheral nerve injury, but its systemic application is restricted by low efficiency and large dosage requirement. These limitations prompted us to search for biomaterials that can be locally loaded. Oxidized sodium alginate hydrogel (OSA) exhibits good biocompatibility and physicochemical properties, and can be loaded with drugs to construct a sustained-release system that can act locally on nerve injury. Here, we constructed a sustained-release system of OSA-mouse nerve growth factor (mNGF), and investigated the loading and release of the drug through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and drug release curves. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that OSA-mNGF significantly promoted the biological activities of RSC-96 cells and facilitated the recovery from sciatic nerve crush injury in rats. This observation may be attributed to the additive effect of OSA on promoting Schwann cell biological activities or its synergistic effect of cross-activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) through extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) signaling. Although the specific mechanism of OSA action needs to be explored in the future, the current results provide a valuable preliminary research basis for the clinical application of the OSA-mNGF sustained-release system for nerve repair.

Efficacy of Spleen-and-Stomach-Tonifying, Yin-Fire-Purging, and Yang-Raising Decoction Derived from the Trimethylamine N-Oxide Metabolic Pathway of Intestinal Microbiota on Macrovascular Lesions Caused by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: We aimed to analyze the mechanisms underlying spleen-and-stomach-tonifying, yin-fire-purging, and yang-raising decoction derived from the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) metabolic pathway of intestinal microbiota in the treatment of macrovascular lesions caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Hartley-guinea pigs were randomly divided into 3 groups-the blank, model, and intervention groups. The T2DM combined with atherosclerosis guinea pig models were established in the model and intervention groups. After successful modeling, spleen-and-stomach-tonifying, yin-fire-purging, and yang-raising decoction were administered intragastrically to the intervention group, while the same volume of normal saline was administered via gavage to the blank and model groups. After 6 weeks of continuous gavage, guinea pigs were sacrificed in all groups, the colon contents were obtained, and the diversity and structural differences of intestinal microbiota were analyzed via bioinformatics. Serum was collected to detect differences in lipids, TMAO, oxidative stress, and inflammation markers between groups. Results: Compared to the blank group, the species diversity of the intestinal microbiota in the model and intervention groups was significantly reduced. Based on the results of Analysis of Similarities and Multiple Response Permutation Procedure, the microbiota structure of the intervention group was closer to that of the blank group. After modeling, the blood lipid levels of guinea pigs increased significantly, and drug intervention significantly reduced the levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C (P < 0.05). TMAO expression was significantly increased after modeling (P < 0.05), while drug intervention reduced TMAO expression (P < 0.05). Compared to the model group, drug intervention significantly increased the concentrations of SOD while decreasing the concentrations of MDA, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-6, and hs-CRP. Conclusion: Spleen-and-stomach-tonifying, yin-fire-purging, and yang-raising decoction can reduce the risk of macrovascular lesions in T2DM, and its mechanism may be associated with its ability to regulate the TMAO metabolic pathway of intestinal microbiota.

In vitro assessment of cytotoxicity of spent fluid catalytic cracking refinery catalysts on cell lines and identification of critical toxic metals.

The Purpose of the present study was to quantify the responses of ten cell lines (HeLa, HepG2, HEK293, MDA-MB-231, A498, A549, A357, 3 T3, BALB-C3 T3, and NIH-3 T3) to spent fluid catalytic cracking catalysts (SFCCCs) from different petroleum refineries, and relate these responses to metal concentrations of SFCCC leachates (SFCCCLs). Cytotoxicity of SFCCCs were significantly different depending on cell lines. A357 and 3 T3 cell were the most sensitive, and A498 and HeLa cells were the least sensitive. HEK293 cells showed the least fluctuation in toxic response to different SFCCCLs among all cells. Cytotoxic IC50 values of SFCCCs to 7 kinds of cells were the most correlated with vanadium (V) concentration in SFCCCLs. V is the most critical toxic factor of SFCCC. Glutathione synthesis was induced in HepG2 cells exposed to higher concentrations of SFCCCLs. SFCCCLs with low concentration of V can induce the decrease of GSH/GSSG ratio in HepG2 cells, suggesting that high concentration of V inhibits the detoxification of glutathione.

Discovery of a Potent and Orally Bioavailable Xanthine Oxidase/Urate Transporter 1 Dual Inhibitor as a Potential Treatment for Hyperuricemia and Gout.

The main uric acid-lowering agents in clinical use for hyperuricemia and gout are xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors or urate transporter 1 (URAT1) inhibitors. While these therapies can partially control the disease, they have various limitations. The development of XO/URAT1 dual inhibitors offers the potential to enhance therapeutic potency and reduce toxicity compared with single-target inhibitors. Through scaffold hopping from the XO inhibitor febuxostat (2) and the URAT1 inhibitor probenecid (3), followed by structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies, we identified compound 27 as a potent dual inhibitor of XO and URAT1. Compound 27 demonstrated significant dual inhibition in vitro (XO IC50 = 35 nM; URAT1 IC50 = 31 nM) and exhibited favorable pharmacology and pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles in multiple species including monkeys. Furthermore, toxicity studies in rats and monkeys revealed general safety profiles, supporting that compound 27 emerges as a promising novel drug candidate with potent XO/URAT1 dual inhibition for the treatment of gout.

A hybrid quantum computing pipeline for real world drug discovery.

Quantum computing, with its superior computational capabilities compared to classical approaches, holds the potential to revolutionize numerous scientific domains, including pharmaceuticals. However, the application of quantum computing for drug discovery has primarily been limited to proof-of-concept studies, which often fail to capture the intricacies of real-world drug development challenges. In this study, we diverge from conventional investigations by developing a hybrid quantum computing pipeline tailored to address genuine drug design problems. Our approach underscores the application of quantum computation in drug discovery and propels it towards more scalable system. We specifically construct our versatile quantum computing pipeline to address two critical tasks in drug discovery: the precise determination of Gibbs free energy profiles for prodrug activation involving covalent bond cleavage, and the accurate simulation of covalent bond interactions. This work serves as a pioneering effort in benchmarking quantum computing against veritable scenarios encountered in drug design, especially the covalent bonding issue present in both of the case studies, thereby transitioning from theoretical models to tangible applications. Our results demonstrate the potential of a quantum computing pipeline for integration into real world drug design workflows.

Remediation of petroleum-contaminated site soil by bioaugmentation with immobilized bacterial pellets stimulated by a controlled-release oxygen composite.

Bioaugmentation techniques still show drawbacks in the cleanup of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) from petroleum-contaminated site soil. Herein, this study explored high-performance immobilized bacterial pellets (IBPs) embed Microbacterium oxydans with a high degrading capacity, and developed a controlled-release oxygen composite (CROC) that allows the efficient, long-term release of oxygen. Tests with four different microcosm incubations were performed to assess the effects of IBPs and CROC on the removal of TPHs from petroleum-contaminated site soil. The results showed that the addition of IBPs and/or CROC could significantly promote the remediation of TPHs in soil. A CROC only played a significant role in the degradation of TPHs in deep soil. The combined application of IBPs and CROC had the best effect on the remediation of deep soil, and the removal rate of TPHs reached 70%, which was much higher than that of nature attenuation (13.2%) and IBPs (43.0%) or CROC (31.9%) alone. In particular, the CROC could better promote the degradation of heavy distillate hydrocarbons (HFAs) in deep soil, and the degradation rates of HFAs increased from 6.6% to 33.2%-21.0% and 67.9%, respectively. In addition, the IBPs and CROC significantly enhanced the activity of dehydrogenase, catalase, and lipase in soil. Results of the enzyme activity were the same as that of TPH degradation. The combined application of IBPs and CROC not only increased the microbial abundance and diversity of soil, but also significantly enhanced the enrichment of potential TPH-biodegrading bacteria. M. oxydans was dominant in AP (bioaugmentation with addition of IBPs) and APO (bioaugmentation with the addition of IBPs and CROC) microcosms that added IBPs. Overall, the IBPs and CROC developed in this study provide a novel option for the combination of bioaugmentation and biostimulation for remediating organic pollutants in soil.

Reflections of functional training on shooters' grip stability / Reflexos do treinamento funcional sobre a estabilidade da empunhadura dos atiradores / Reflejos del entrenamiento funcional en la estabilidad de agarre de los tiradores

ABSTRACT Introduction: Shooting is a technical sport demanding much control and accuracy from the athletes. Physical fitness is a critical factor for the sport's skill level, and it is believed that functional training can effectively improve the shooter's technical level, ensuring greater athlete stability. Objective: Analyze the results of functional abdominal core physical training on the grip stability of sport shooters. Methods: Random sampling was used to select 26 volunteer shooters as research pairs. An intervention trial was conducted for eight weeks of functional physical training with these athletes. The subjective perception scale of RPE and the exercise intensity comparison table were used for analysis. Muscle contraction data were measured at 3 s before target shooting. SPSS 19.0 software was used to statistically conduct a t-test on the data collected before and after the experiment. Results: There were significant differences in muscle stability and tolerance before and after physical training (P<0.01). The shooter's flexion stability before the test was not as good as during relaxation. The reduced sustained distance before and after physical training significantly improved the tolerance and stability of the abdominal core muscles. The average amplitude of the biceps electromyography was statistically significant compared to before the test (P<0.05). Conclusion: After eight weeks of functional physical training, the shooting stability of pistol shooters was significantly improved. The lack of physical training, especially in the core abdominal muscles, negatively affects the shooters' stability, limiting the quality of the sport. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O tiro esportivo é um esporte técnico, exigindo dos atletas muito controle e precisão. A aptidão física é um fator crítico para o nível de habilidade esportivo e acredita-se que o treinamento funcional possa efetivamente melhorar o nível técnico do atirador, garantindo maior estabilidade do atleta. Objetivo: Analisar os resultados do treinamento físico funcional do centro abdominal sobre a estabilidade da empunhadura dos atiradores esportistas. Métodos: Utilizou-se uma amostragem aleatória para selecionar 26 atiradores voluntários como pares de pesquisa. Um ensaio de intervenção com esses atletas foi conduzido por oito semanas de treinamento físico funcional. A escala de percepção subjetiva da RPE e a tabela de comparação de intensidade do exercício foram utilizadas para análise. Os dados de contração muscular foram aferidos em 3 s antes de atirar com mira. O software SPSS 19.0, foi usado para conduzir estatisticamente um teste-t nos dados coletados antes e depois do experimento. Resultados: Houveram diferenças significativas na estabilidade e na tolerância dos músculos antes e depois do treinamento físico (P<0,01). A estabilidade de flexão do atirador antes do teste não foi tão boa quanto no relaxamento. A distância sustentada antes e depois do treinamento físico foi reduzida, a tolerância e estabilidade dos músculos do centro abdominal foram significativamente aperfeiçoadas. A amplitude média da eletromiografia do bíceps foi estatisticamente significativa em comparação com antes do teste (P<0,05). Conclusão: Após oito semanas de treinamento físico funcional, a estabilidade de tiro dos atiradores com pistolas foi significativamente melhorada. A falta de treinamento físico, principalmente na musculatura do centro abdominal, afeta negativamente a estabilidade dos atiradores, limitando a qualidade do resultado esportivo. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El tiro es un deporte técnico, que exige mucho control y precisión a los deportistas. La aptitud física es un factor crítico para el nivel de habilidad deportiva y se cree que el entrenamiento funcional puede mejorar eficazmente el nivel técnico del tirador, garantizando una mayor estabilidad del atleta. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados del entrenamiento físico del núcleo abdominal funcional sobre la estabilidad de agarre de los tiradores deportivos. Métodos: Se utilizó un muestreo aleatorio para seleccionar a 26 tiradores voluntarios como parejas de investigación. Se realizó un ensayo de intervención con estos atletas durante ocho semanas de entrenamiento físico funcional. Para el análisis se utilizó la escala de percepción subjetiva del RPE y la tabla de comparación de la intensidad del ejercicio. Los datos de la contracción muscular se midieron 3 s antes del tiro al blanco. Se utilizó el programa informático SPSS 19.0 para realizar una prueba t sobre los datos recogidos antes y después del experimento. Resultados: Hubo diferencias significativas en la estabilidad y tolerancia muscular antes y después del entrenamiento físico (P<0,01). La estabilidad de la flexión del tirador antes de la prueba no era tan buena como en la relajación. La distancia sostenida antes y después del entrenamiento físico se redujo, la tolerancia y la estabilidad de los músculos del núcleo abdominal mejoraron significativamente. La amplitud media del electromiograma del bíceps fue estadísticamente significativa en comparación con antes de la prueba (P<0,05). Conclusión: Tras ocho semanas de entrenamiento físico funcional, la estabilidad de tiro de los tiradores de pistola mejoró significativamente. La falta de entrenamiento físico, principalmente en los músculos del núcleo abdominal, afecta negativamente a la estabilidad de los tiradores, limitando la calidad del resultado deportivo. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Associations of high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products with acute lung injury in patient with acute aortic dissection

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To investigate the associations of high-mobility group box 1 and its specific receptor, receptor for advanced glycation end products with acute lung injury in patients with acute aortic dissection. METHODS: A total of 96 acute aortic dissection patients were divided into acute aortic dissection with acute lung injury group (38 cases) and acute aortic dissection without acute lung injury group (58 cases), according to partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen. In addition, 44 healthy individuals were selected for the control group. The blood samples were taken. The serum high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen was measured. RESULTS: 24 h after admission, the high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products levels in acute aortic dissection with acute lung injury and acute aortic dissection without acute lung injury groups were significantly higher than those in the control group, respectively (p<0.05), and each index in acute aortic dissection with acute lung injury group was significantly higher than that in acute aortic dissection without acute lung injury group (p<0.05). At each time point within 96 h after admission, compared with acute aortic dissection without acute lung injury group, in acute aortic dissection with acute lung injury group, the high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products levels were increased, respectively, and the partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen was decreased. The correlation analysis showed that, in acute aortic dissection patients, the high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products levels were negatively correlated with partial pressure of oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen, respectively (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The serum high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products levels may be associated with the occurrence of acute lung injury in acute aortic dissection patients. Monitoring the high-mobility group box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end products levels can evaluate the risk of acute aortic dissection with acute lung injury.