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1.
J Nat Prod ; 82(12): 3302-3310, 2019 12 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31789520

RESUMEN

Nine new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, uncarialins A-I (1-9), were isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla as well as 14 known analogues (10-23). Their structures were determined by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR, and experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism data. Compounds 5, 7, 15, and 22 displayed significant agonistic effects against the 5-HT1A receptor with EC50 values of 2.2 ± 0.1, 0.1 ± 0.1, 1.6 ± 0.3, and 2.0 ± 0.5 µM, respectively. The mechanisms of action of these four compounds with the 5-HT1A receptor were investigated by molecular docking, and the results suggested that amino acid residues Asp116, Thr196, Asn386, and Tyr390 played critical roles in the observed activity of the above-mentioned compounds.


Asunto(s)
Receptor de Serotonina 5-HT1A/efectos de los fármacos , Alcaloides de Triptamina Secologanina/farmacología , Agonistas de Receptores de Serotonina/farmacología , Uncaria/química , Animales , Células CHO , Cricetulus , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Estructura Molecular , Alcaloides de Triptamina Secologanina/química , Alcaloides de Triptamina Secologanina/aislamiento & purificación , Agonistas de Receptores de Serotonina/química , Agonistas de Receptores de Serotonina/aislamiento & purificación , Análisis Espectral/métodos
3.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 37(18): 2698-701, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23285912

RESUMEN

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the transition state between normal aging and AD. There are better detection and treatment methods to screen a population of patients with MCI. Through intervention, the probability of MCI conversion to AD can be significantly reduced. This paper first introduces the concept of cost-effectiveness analysis, reconsiders the concept of cost for the particularity of MCI, and uses QALY to evaluate the health effects of the quality of life. Then measure the health quality of life of elderly MCI population, and use Markov model to study the cost of intervention with traditional Chinese medicine-effectiveness analysis. Finally, according to the QALY measure and CEA results, we draw the conclusion that it's helpful to get early intervention in MCI.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Alzheimer/economía , Disfunción Cognitiva/economía , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/economía , Medicina Tradicional China/economía , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/tratamiento farmacológico , Disfunción Cognitiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Cadenas de Markov
4.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol ; 86(1): 38-42, 2011 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21161502

RESUMEN

Five higher chlorinated benzenes (CBs), include hexachlorobenzene (HCB), pentachlorobenzene (PeCB) and three isomers of tetrachlorobenzens, were analyzed in 20 outdoor dust samples collected from a fast developing city, Xinxiang. Only HCB was detected in all outdoor dust samples. The dominate part of the CBs residue in most samples was HCB and the mean HCB concentration (4.13 ng/g dry weight) in this study was in the range of global background soil HCB levels (ranging from 0.010 to 5.20 ng/g dry weight). The higher ratios of HCB/PeCB in the outdoor dust samples in the present study indicate that pesticide application may be an important source of HCB in China.


Asunto(s)
Clorobencenos/análisis , Polvo/análisis , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Contaminantes Ambientales/análisis , China , Ciudades , Hexaclorobenceno/análisis
5.
J Tradit Chin Med ; 31(3): 251-5, 2011 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21977872

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To explore the network control mechanism of the calcium signaling pathway in cerebral ischemic injury after intervention by the main components of Qingkailing (see text), i.e. Baicalin, Jasminoidin and their combination. METHODS: Thirty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, a baicalin group, a Jasminoidin group, a baicalin plus Jasminoidin group, a nimodipine group, and a model group (n = 6). The global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mouse model was established. The mice were administrated respectively by injection of baicalin, Jasminoidin, mixture of baicalin and Jasminoidin, and nimodipine into the caudal vein, with the model group given no any drug. Three hours after operation, the brain was removed and sectioned. After calculation of cerebral ischemic area by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium staining, the percentage of infarct volume was calculated. The total RNA of the mouse brain tissue was extracted to obtain the whole genome expression profile, and the differentially expressed genes related to the calcium signaling pathway was analyzed with Bayesian network structures. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, the ischemic area was significantly reduced in the baicalin group, the Jasminoidin group, the Baicalin plus Jasminoidin group (all P < 0.05). The ischemic area in the baicalin plus Jasminoidin group was smaller than the other three groups (all P < 0.01). In the gene regulatory network structures of calcium signaling pathway, the average length and equitability were the highest in the baicalin plus Jasminoidin group, followed by the nimodipine group. CONCLUSION: Compared with a single component, combination of Baicalin and Jasminoidin can more obviously intervene in the overall expression of calcium signaling pathway, and the mechanism is related with the aggregation characteristic of the gene expression network.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Señalización del Calcio/efectos de los fármacos , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/patología , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Iridoides/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Ratones , Nimodipina/uso terapéutico
6.
J Med Chem ; 64(1): 184-215, 2021 01 14.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33369424

RESUMEN

Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an α/ß hydrolase fold protein and widely distributed in numerous organs including the liver, kidney, and brain. The inhibition of sEH can effectively maintain endogenous epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) levels and reduce dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) levels, resulting in therapeutic potentials for cardiovascular, central nervous system, and metabolic diseases. Therefore, since the beginning of this century, the development of sEH inhibitors is a hot research topic. A variety of potent sEH inhibitors have been developed by chemical synthesis or isolated from natural sources. In this review, we mainly summarized the interconnected aspects of sEH with cardiovascular, central nervous system, and metabolic diseases and then focus on representative inhibitors, which would provide some useful guidance for the future development of potential sEH inhibitors.


Asunto(s)
Productos Biológicos/química , Descubrimiento de Drogas , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , Epóxido Hidrolasas/antagonistas & inhibidores , Animales , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/síntesis química , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/aislamiento & purificación , Epóxido Hidrolasas/química , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Solubilidad
7.
Phytomedicine ; 81: 153436, 2021 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33360346

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Depression is a pervasive or persistent mental disorder that causes mood, cognitive and memory deficits. Uncaria rhynchophylla has been widely used to treat central nervous system diseases for a long history, although its efficacy and potential mechanism are still uncertain. PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate anti-depression effect and potential mechanism of U. rhynchophylla extract (URE). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A mouse depression model was established using unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS). Effects of URE on depression-like behaviours, neurotransmitters, and neuroendocrine hormones were investigated in UCMS-induced mice. The potential target of URE was analyzed by transcriptomics and bioinformatics methods and validated by RT-PCR and Western blot. The agonistic effect on 5-HT1A receptor was assayed by dual-luciferase reporter system. RESULTS: URE ameliorated depression-like behaviours, and modulated levels of neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine hormones, including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA), dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), corticosterone (CORT), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), in UCMS-induced mice. Transcriptomics and bioinformatics results indicated that URE could regulate glutamatergic, cholinergic, serotonergic, and GABAergic systems, especially neuroactive ligand-receptor and cAMP signaling pathways, revealing that Htr1a encoding 5-HT1A receptor was a potential target of URE. The expression levels of downstream proteins of 5-HT1A signaling pathway 5-HT1A, CREB, BDNF, and PKA were increased in UCMS-induced mice after URE administration, and URE also displayed an agonistic effect against 5-HT1A receptor with an EC50 value of 17.42 µg/ml. CONCLUSION: U. rhynchophylla ameliorated depression-like behaviours in UCMS-induced mice through activating 5-HT1A receptor.


Asunto(s)
Antidepresivos/farmacología , Depresión/tratamiento farmacológico , Agonistas del Receptor de Serotonina 5-HT1/farmacología , Uncaria/química , Hormona Adrenocorticotrópica/sangre , Animales , Antidepresivos/química , Biología Computacional , Corticosterona/sangre , Hormona Liberadora de Corticotropina/sangre , Depresión/genética , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Receptor de Serotonina 5-HT1A , Serotonina/metabolismo , Estrés Psicológico
8.
Chin Herb Med ; 12(4): 421-429, 2020 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36120170

RESUMEN

Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is along with cognitive decline due to amyloid-ß (Aß) plaques, tau hyperphosphorylation, and neuron loss. Shenqi Xingnao Granules (SQXN), a traditional Chinese medicine, significantly ameliorated the cognitive function and daily living abilities of patients with AD. However, till date, no study has investigated the mechanism of action of SQXN on AD. The present study aimed to verify the effects of SQXN treatment on cognitive impairments and AD-like pathologies in APP/PS1 mice. Methods: Four-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic (Tg) mice were randomly divided into a model group and SQXN-treated (3.5, 7, 14 g/kg per day) groups. Learning-memory abilities were determined by Morris water maze and object recognition test. All mice were sacrificed and the brain samples were collected after 75 d. The soluble Aß contents were detected by Elisa kit; The levels of expression of NeuN, APP, phosphorylated tau and related protein were measured by Western blotting; The inflammation factors were detected by the proinflammatory panel kit. Results: Four-month-old APP/PS1 mice were administered SQXN by oral gavage for 2.5 months. Using the Morris water maze tests and Novel object recognition, we found that SQXN restored behavioral deficits in the experimental group of Tg mice when compared with the controls. SQXN also inhibited neuronal loss (NeuN marker). SQXN treatment decreased soluble Aß42 through inhibiting the expression of sAPPß and BACE-1 without regulating full-length amyloid precursor protein (FL APP). Insulin degrading enzyme (IDE), the Aß degrading enzyme, were increased by SQXN. In addition, SQXN reduced hyperphosphorylated tau protein levels and prevented excessive activation of p-GSK-3ß in the brain of APP/PS1 mice. Compared with APP/PS1 transgenic negative mice, IFN-γ, IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70, KC/GRO and TNF-α were not obviously changed in the brain of 6.5-month-old APP/PS1 transgenic (Tg) mice. However, SQXN could inhibited the expression of IL-2. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that SQXN ameliorates the cognitive impairments in APP/PS1 mice. The possible mechanisms involve its inhibition of neuronal loss, soluble Aß deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation and inflammation.

9.
Alzheimers Res Ther ; 11(1): 106, 2019 12 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31847879

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Brain amyloid deposition is one of the main pathological characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Soluble oligomers formed during the process that causes ß-amyloid (Aß) to aggregate into plaques are considered to have major neurotoxicity. Currently, drug development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease has encountered serious difficulties. Our newly proposed solution is to accelerate the aggregation of Aß to reduce the amount of cytotoxic Aß oligomers in brain tissue. This strategy differs from the existing strategy of reducing the total Aß content and the number of amyloid plaques. METHOD: In this study, we screened a small library and found that a flavonoid compound (ZGM1) promoted the aggregation of ß-amyloid (Aß). We further verified the binding of ZGM1 to Aß42 using a microscale thermophoresis (MST) assay. Subsequently, we used dot blotting (DB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thioflavin T fluorescence (ThT) measurements to study the aggregation of Aß under the influence of ZGM1. By using cell experiments, we determined whether ZGM1 can inhibit the cytotoxicity of Aß. Finally, we studied the protective effects of ZGM1 on cognitive function in APPswe/PS1 mice via behavioral experiments and measured the number of plaques in the mouse brain by thioflavin staining. RESULTS: ZGM1 can bind with Aß directly and mediate a new Aß assembly process to form reticular aggregates and reduce the amount of Aß oligomers. Animal experiments showed that ZGM1 can significantly improve cognitive dysfunction and that Aß plaque deposition in the brain tissue of mice in the drug-administered group was significantly increased. CONCLUSION: Our research suggests that promoting Aß aggregation is a promising treatment method for AD and deserves further investigation.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Disfunción Cognitiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Flavonoides/farmacología , Placa Amiloide/tratamiento farmacológico , Agregado de Proteínas/efectos de los fármacos , Precursor de Proteína beta-Amiloide/genética , Animales , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/patología , Disfunción Cognitiva/metabolismo , Disfunción Cognitiva/patología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Flavonoides/uso terapéutico , Ratones , Ratones Transgénicos , Placa Amiloide/metabolismo , Placa Amiloide/patología , Presenilina-1/genética , Resultado del Tratamiento
10.
Sci Rep ; 8(1): 8422, 2018 05 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29849078

RESUMEN

Mild stroke is a known risk factor for dementia. The relationship between cerebral white matter (WM) integrity and cognitive impairment (CI) in mild stroke patients with basal ganglia region infarcts is unknown. Total of 33 stroke patients and 19 age-matched controls underwent diffusion tensor imaging scans and a formal neuropsychological test battery. CI was defined as having a performance score 1.5 SD below the established norm. We compared the differences in Z-scores and Fraction Anisotropy (FA) values among controls, stroke with no CI (NCI) and stroke with CI groups. Multiple linear regressions were performed between FA values in affected regions and neuropsychological tests in stroke patients. The majority of stroke patients were in their 50s (56.90 ± 9.23 years). CI patients exhibited a significantly decreased Z score in visual delayed memory and remarkably decreased FA values in the right external capsule and right fornix (FWE-corrected) compared with NCI patients and controls. In stroke patients, the FA value in the right fornix was positively correlated with delayed visual memory. Mild stroke with basal ganglia region infarcts may be related to widespread abnormality of WM integrity. The lower WM integrity in the right fornix may be a marker of impaired delayed visual memory.


Asunto(s)
Ganglios Basales/patología , Infarto Cerebral/patología , Infarto Cerebral/fisiopatología , Cognición , Sustancia Blanca/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas
11.
Brain Res ; 1123(1): 188-95, 2006 Dec 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17069775

RESUMEN

To compare the individual effects of baicalin and jasminoidin with the combined effect of them on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, and test whether the combined administration of baicalin and jasminoidin can improve the therapeutic effect. Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent focal cerebral ischemia for 1.5 h and reperfusion for 24 h. Just before reperfusion, tested drugs (baicalin, jasminoidin, a drug combination consisting of baicalin and jasminoidin, or nimodipine) were intravenously treated. Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), behavior examination, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, histological examination, and real-time PCR for BDNF and caspase-3 were performed. All of the drug treatments could significantly ameliorate the results of TTC and histological examination, and the baicalin/jasminoidin combination did so most prominently. This combination could also significantly ameliorate DWI of MRI and behavior examination results, and promote the expression of BDNF and inhibit the expression of caspase-3. On the whole, both baicalin and jasminoidin have a preventive effect against ischemic stroke, although their effects are not very strong. However, the combination of baicalin and jasminoidin can significantly improve their effectiveness. This may be related to its better regulation on the BDNF and caspase-3.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Flavonoides/farmacología , Iridoides/farmacología , Piranos/farmacología , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Encéfalo/patología , Isquemia Encefálica/patología , Factor Neurotrófico Derivado del Encéfalo/metabolismo , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Combinación de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Masculino , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Nimodipina/farmacología , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Daño por Reperfusión/patología , Estadísticas no Paramétricas
12.
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi ; 26(4): 332-6, 2006 Apr.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16689002

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the therapeutic effect of single or combined use of jasminoidin and cholalic acid on focal cerebral ischemia rat with magnetic resonance-diffusion-weighted imaging (MR-DWI) technique, ultra-microscopy, and neuro-behavior scoring. METHODS: The model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury was induced by string method. Three hours after reperfusion, MR-DWI was applied with ultra-microscopy and neuro-behavior test to give evaluation on cerebral ischemic rats, and pathologic, ultramicroscopic observation of tissue were taken as adjuvant measures to comprehensively evaluate the pharmacological effect on ischemia-reperfusion rats and delimit the efficacy of the two different components and their combination. RESULTS: Compared with the model group, ADC and DCavg values of the foci in all the treated groups had the incrensing trend. There was significant difference arund the foci in the group of combined use of jasminoidin and cholalic acid (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Combined use of jasminoidin and cholalic acid had protective effects on nerve and brain. MR-DWI technique accompanied with ultramicroscopic observation of tissues and neuro-behavior test is an effective method for evaluating the effect of neuro-protective agent.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácidos Cólicos/uso terapéutico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Iridoides/uso terapéutico , Piranos/uso terapéutico , Animales , Imagen de Difusión por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Gardenia/química , Masculino , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/uso terapéutico , Fitoterapia , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Daño por Reperfusión/prevención & control , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Resultado del Tratamiento
13.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 31(11): 907-10, 2006 Jun.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17048631

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the therapeutic effect and the influence on PI3K-Akt-PKB-BAD-CREB-PCREB pathway in focal cerebral ischemia rat responses before and after treatment with baicalin and jasminoidin given alone or in combination. METHOD: Rat model of ischemia reperfusion was established with thread. Generally accepted methods were used, including TTC staining, behavior test, as well as micro and ultra microscopy which can dynamically and accurately monitor pathological and physiological changes after cerebral ischemia on earlier period, to evaluate the brain injury induced by ischemia and the attenuations by the drugs. The difference of PI3K-Akt-PKB-BAD-CREB-PCREB expression was detected by western-blot technology. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: The combination of baicalin and jasminoidin composition can be potential neuroprotective agent. TTC staining technology combined with behavior grade and ultrmicro-structure observation on brain tissue is effective method to evaluate protective agent, which is related to signal transduction PI3K-Akt-PKB-BAD-CREB-PCREB pathway. The results provide benofical basis for revealing the complex of therapeutic mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine Qingkai Ling (QKL).


Asunto(s)
Flavonoides/farmacología , Iridoides/farmacología , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Piranos/farmacología , Daño por Reperfusión , Animales , Conducta Animal/efectos de los fármacos , Encéfalo/patología , Isquemia Encefálica/complicaciones , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Isquemia Encefálica/patología , Proteína de Unión a CREB/metabolismo , Proteína de Unión a Elemento de Respuesta al AMP Cíclico/metabolismo , Combinación de Medicamentos , Flavonoides/aislamiento & purificación , Gardenia/química , Inyecciones , Iridoides/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino , Plantas Medicinales/química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Piranos/aislamiento & purificación , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Daño por Reperfusión/etiología , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismo , Daño por Reperfusión/patología , Scutellaria/química , Transducción de Señal
14.
Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi ; 25(1): 42-4, 2005 Jan.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15719750

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To explore the pharmacologic mechanism of gardenin in treating cerebral ischemia, by studying its effect on gene expression profile in brain of rats with focal cerebral ischemia (FCI). METHODS: Total RNAs were isolated from rats with FCI and those treated with gardenin. The mRNAs were reversely transcribed to cDNA with incorporation of fluorescent Cy5- or Cy3-dUTP to prepare hybridization probes. The PCR products of 4096 genes were spotted on the chip after a serial treatment. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray. Axon Genepix 4000B and GenePixPro 3.0 software were used to scan and analyze the fluorescent signals. RESULTS: In the group treated with gardenin, there were 70 genes had expression profiles different to that in the model group in the focal cerebral ischemic brain tissue, in which 68 were up-regulated and 2 down-regulated. CONCLUSION: Gardenin has regulatory effect on the gene expression in rats with focal cerebral ischemia, which elucidates part of the pharmacologic mechanism of Qingkailing in molecular level.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Piridinas/farmacología , Animales , Isquemia Encefálica/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley
15.
CNS Neurosci Ther ; 21(10): 776-83, 2015 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25809732

RESUMEN

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disease. Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is considered to represent early AD. Various aMCI clinical subtypes have been identified as either single domain (SD) or multidomain (MD). The various subtypes represent heterogeneous syndrome, indicating the different probability of progression to AD. Understanding the heterogeneous concept of aMCI can help to construct potential biomarkers to monitor the progression of aMCI to AD. This review provides an overview of various neuroimaging measures for subtypes of aMCI. Focusing on neuropsychological, structural, and functional neuroimaging findings, we found that aMCI showed differences in clinical progression and the abnormalities in MD-aMCI were distributed across temporal, frontal, and parietal cortices, which is similar to AD. This is also compatible with the notion that MD-aMCI is a transition stage between SD-aMCI and AD. Our review provided a framework for the diagnosis of clinical subtypes of aMCI and early detection and intervention of the progression from aMCI to AD.


Asunto(s)
Encéfalo/patología , Encéfalo/fisiopatología , Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Amnesia/diagnóstico , Amnesia/patología , Amnesia/fisiopatología , Amnesia/psicología , Disfunción Cognitiva/patología , Disfunción Cognitiva/fisiopatología , Disfunción Cognitiva/psicología , Humanos , Neuroimagen , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas
16.
J Colloid Interface Sci ; 437: 304-310, 2015 Jan 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25441365

RESUMEN

A simple hard template method and hydrothermal process have been employed to fabricate a self-standing hierarchical porous MnO2/graphene film. Thus-constructed electrode materials for binder-free supercapacitors exhibit a high specific capacitance of 266.3 F g(-1) at the density of 0.2 A g(-1). Moreover, the two-electrode device demonstrates an excellent rate capability and cycling stability with capacitance retention of 85.1% after 2000 charge-discharge cycles at a current density of 1 A g(-1). The porous nanostructured design can effectively improve the specific surface areas and account for the shorter relaxation time for the electrodes, resulting in a high electrochemical performance.

17.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 29(1): 83-6, 2004 Jan.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15709391

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To explore the difference of genes expression profiles between focal cerebral ischemia tissue and that treated with Baicalin using cDNA microarray. METHOD: The total RNAs were isolated from rat brains of sham-operation, vehicle (focal cerebral ischemia of rat brain) and baicalin-treated groups. mRNAs were reversely transcribed to cDNA with incorporation of fluorescent dUTP (Cy5 or Cy3 dUTP) to prepare hybridization probes. The PCR products of 4096 genes were spotted on the chip after a serial of treatment. The mixed probes were hybridized to the cDNA microarray. Axon Genepix 4000B and GenePixPro 3.0 software were used to scan and analyze the fluorescent signals. RESULT: The expressions of 199 and 12 genes were found up-regulated and down-regulated, respectively, in the vehicle group compared with the sham-operation one. But the numbers of genes whose expressions were up-regulated and down-regulated were 89 and 88, respectively, when comparing the gene expression in the Baicalin-treated rat brain with that in the vehicle group. Moreover, one down-regulated and three up-regulated genes in the vehicle group were up-regulated and down-regulated in the Baicalin-treated group, respectively. Expressions of three up-regulated genes in the vehicle group were further reinforced in the Baicalin-treatment group. CONCLUSION: Multiple pathways and nodes may be involved in the pharmacological effect of Baicalin on brain ischemia.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/genética , Isquemia Encefálica/metabolismo , Flavonoides/farmacología , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Scutellaria , Animales , Flavonoides/aislamiento & purificación , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/genética , Proteínas de Unión al GTP/metabolismo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Plantas Medicinales/química , Piruvato Quinasa/genética , Piruvato Quinasa/metabolismo , ARN Mensajero/genética , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Scutellaria/química , Vimentina/genética , Vimentina/metabolismo
18.
CNS Neurosci Ther ; 19(2): 125-31, 2013 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23279823

RESUMEN

AIMS: Working memory (WM) impairments are considered to be a main feature of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Functional brain imaging studies have revealed evidence of alterations in the frontal and temporal cortices associated with WM in MCI patients. However, some imaging methods are too expensive for routine clinical use and have a low temporal resolution. METHODS: Using a newly developed near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system, we studied the spatiotemporal dynamics of oxygenated hemoglobin (oxy-Hb) during a WM task in eight patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 16 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. RESULTS: We performed temporal and spatial correlation analyses on each group during their WM tasks. These results consistently demonstrated that, when compared with the healthy controls, the MCI patients exhibited significantly decreased activation in the left frontal, right superior frontal and left temporal lobes. We found evidence of altered frontal and temporal processing during WM tasks in the MCI patients. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirm the functional deficits in the frontal and temporal cortices and the impairment of WM and cognitive abilities in MCI patients and suggest that fNIRS may be a useful tool for evaluating brain activation in cognitive disorders.


Asunto(s)
Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Disfunción Cognitiva/metabolismo , Regulación hacia Abajo/fisiología , Lóbulo Frontal/metabolismo , Memoria a Corto Plazo/fisiología , Desempeño Psicomotor/fisiología , Espectroscopía Infrarroja Corta/métodos , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
19.
CNS Neurosci Ther ; 18(8): 674-82, 2012 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22726253

RESUMEN

AIM: Jasminoidin and ursodeoxycholic acid are 2 bioactive compounds extracted from Chinese medicine that have been proven to exert a synergistic effect as a combined administration for the treatment of stroke. The aim of this study was to reveal the pharmacogenomic mechanism of this synergistic effect of jasminoidin and ursodeoxycholic acid. METHODS: One hundred and fifteen mice with brain damage, induced by focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, were divided into 5 groups: jasminoidin-treated, ursodeoxycholic acid-treated, combination-treated, vehicle group, and sham-operated group. Comparative analysis of stroke-related gene expression profiles and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways among the 3 treatment groups were performed to reveal the mechanism of this synergistic effect. RESULTS: This study demonstrated that (1) treatment with jasminoidin alone caused similar changes in the pattern of gene expression as those treated with the combination; (2) jasminoidin treatment and the combination treatment had more overlapping changes in gene expression and activated pathways than the ursodeoxycholic acid treatment; (3) Hspa1a and Ppm1e were only up-regulated in the combination-treated group; (4) the nonoverlapping genes Fgf12, Rarα, Map3k4, paxillin (PXN) in the combination-treated group were markedly expressed, and P53 pathway was obviously activated in the combination-treated group. CONCLUSION: These findings may suggest that jasminoidin is the major component of the combination, and the combination plays an important role of the synergistic effect in up-regulating expression of gene Hspa1a, genes Fgf12, Rarα, Map3k4 and down-regulating gene PXN, as well as activating P53 pathway.


Asunto(s)
Iridoides/uso terapéutico , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Daño por Reperfusión/genética , Transducción de Señal/fisiología , Ácido Ursodesoxicólico/uso terapéutico , Animales , Análisis por Conglomerados , Colorantes , ADN Complementario/biosíntesis , ADN Complementario/genética , Bases de Datos Genéticas , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Ratones , Análisis por Micromatrices , Análisis de Componente Principal , ARN/biosíntesis , ARN/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Transducción de Señal/genética , Accidente Cerebrovascular/tratamiento farmacológico , Accidente Cerebrovascular/etiología
20.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets ; 11(8): 1070-82, 2012 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22998140

RESUMEN

Analysis of the diverse interactions of multiple signaling pathways is an emerging challenge in the era of networking pharmacology. To reveal imbalanced signaling pathways and pharmacological mechanisms involved in ischemic process, we designed systemic experiments from top-down to bottom-up for investigating the variations of multiple pathways in mouse hippocampal cells. A total of 711 focal cerebral ischemia-reperfused animals (504 mice and 207 rats), induced by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery, were obtained to conduct 4 experiments. The mice were used to analyze the pharmacological effects of four single compounds, baicalin (BA), jasminoidin (JA), ursodeoxycholic acid (UA) and concha margaritifera (CM) and two combination therapies (BA+JA, and JA+UA). Moreover, the mouse models were also used for microarray and western blotting test. The rat models were used for infarction volume test, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) test and neurological score analysis to validate the pharmacological effects in another species. The results of western blotting confirmed that the expression of the key proteins involved in the ischemiaactivated Wnt and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway was markedly altered. In addition, based on the screened gene expression profiles of ischemia hippocampus, a variety of altered genes contributed to the 9 stroke-related pathways based on literature review [Wnt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), janus kinase (JAK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)] in different groups. Thus, we believed that the 9 signaling pathways were significantly imbalanced in different groups. However, analysis of overlapping genes was insufficient to reveal the expression profiles of imbalanced pathways between or within various conditions treated with different compounds or compound mixtures. Therefore, global similarity index (GSI) is introduced to quantify the genotypic outcomes of gene expression profiles. Independent experiments in mice on the effects of infarction volume, neurologic deficit score and the results of MRI in rats showed that GSI was suitable for the spectral measurement of imbalance in those 9 biochemical pathways with a predictive accuracy of 81.0% as assessed by leave-one-out cross-validation.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Isquemia Encefálica/genética , Hipocampo/efectos de los fármacos , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/administración & dosificación , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Transcriptoma/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Isquemia Encefálica/patología , Hipocampo/patología , Masculino , Ratones , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Transducción de Señal/fisiología , Transcriptoma/fisiología , Resultado del Tratamiento
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