Spatially Confined in Situ Formed Sodiophilic-Conductive Network for High-Performance Sodium Metal Batteries.

The sodium (Na) metal anode encounters issues such as volume expansion and dendrite growth during cycling. Herein, a novel three-dimensional flexible composite Na metal anode was constructed through the conversion-alloying reaction between Na and ultrafine Sb2S3 nanoparticles encapsulated within the electrospun carbon nanofibers (Sb2S3@CNFs). The formed sodiophilic Na3Sb sites and the high Na+-conducting Na2S matrix, coupled with CNFs, establish a spatially confined "sodiophilic-conductive" network, which effectively reduces the Na nucleation barrier, improves the Na+ diffusion kinetics, and suppresses the volume expansion, thereby inhibiting the Na dendrite growth. Consequently, the Na/Sb2S3@CNFs electrode exhibits a high Coulombic efficiency (99.94%), exceptional lifespan (up to 2800 h) at high current densities (up to 5 mA cm-2), and high areal capacities (up to 5 mAh cm-2) in symmetric cells. The coin-type full cells assembled with a Na3V2(PO4)3/C cathode demonstrate significant enhancement in electrochemical performance. The flexible pouch cell achieves an excellent energy density of 301 Wh kg-1.

Highly Electrically Conductive Polyiodide Ionic Liquid Cathode for High-Capacity Dual-Plating Zinc-Iodine Batteries.

Zinc-iodine batteries are one of the most intriguing types of batteries that offer high energy density and low toxicity. However, the low intrinsic conductivity of iodine, together with high polyiodide solubility in aqueous electrolytes limits the development of high-areal-capacity zinc-iodine batteries with high stability, especially at low current densities. Herein, we proposed a hydrophobic polyiodide ionic liquid as a zinc-ion battery cathode, which successfully activates the iodine redox process by offering 4 orders of magnitude higher intrinsic electrical conductivity and remarkably lower solubility that suppressed the polyiodide shuttle in a dual-plating zinc-iodine cell. By the molecular engineering of the chemical structure of the polyiodide ionic liquid, the electronic conductivity can reach 3.4 × 10-3 S cm-1 with a high Coulombic efficiency of 98.2%. The areal capacity of the zinc-iodine battery can achieve 5.04 mAh cm-2 and stably operate at 3.12 mAh cm-2 for over 990 h. Besides, a laser-scribing designed flexible dual-plating-type microbattery based on a polyiodide ionic liquid cathode also exhibits stable cycling in both a single cell and 4 × 4 integrated cell, which can operate with the polarity-switching model with high stability.

Modulating Eco-friendly Colloidal AgGaS2 Quantum Dots for Highly Efficient Photodetection and Image Sensing via Direct Growth of Ternary AgInS2 Shell.

Tailoring the optoelectronic characteristics of colloidal quantum dots (QDs) by constructing a core/shell structure offers the potential to achieve high-performing solution-processed photoelectric conversion and information processing applications. In this work, the direct growth of wurtzite ternary AgInS2 (AIS) shell on eco-friendly AgGaS2 (AGS) core QDs is realized, giving rise to broadened visible light absorption, prolonged exciton lifetime and enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy demonstrats that the photoinduced carrier separation and transfer kinetics of AGS QDs are significantly optimized following the AIS shell coating. As-synthesized environmentally benign AGS/AIS core/shell QDs are employed to fabricate photodetectors (PDs), showing a remarkable responsivity of 38.4 A W-1 and a detectivity of 2.4 × 1012 Jones under visible light illumination (405 nm). Moreover, the fabricated QDs-PDs exhibit superior image-sensing capability to record complex patterns with high resolution (160 × 160 pixels) under visible light illumination at 405 and 532 nm. The findings indicate that the direct growth of multinary narrow-band shell materials on eco-friendly QDs holds great promise to implement future "green", cost-effective and high-performance optoelectronic sensing/imaging systems.

The downstream purification of bispecific antibodies.

Bispecific antibodies, a class of therapeutic antibodies, can simultaneously bind to two distinct targets. Compared with monospecific antibodies, bispecific antibodies offer advantages, including superior efficacy and reduced side effects. However, because of their structural complexity, the purification of bispecific antibodies is highly challenging. The purification process must strike a delicate balance between purity and productivity, eliminating a broad spectrum of contaminants, including product-related and process-related impurities, while also maximizing the yield wherever feasible. This review systematically describes the strategies for bispecific antibody capture, the elimination of product-related impurities, and the mitigation of the formation of process-related impurities, thereby, providing guidance for the development of downstream purification processes for bispecific antibodies.

Smart Wrinkled Interfaces: Patterning, Morphing, and Coding of Polymer Surfaces by Dynamic Anisotropic Wrinkling.

In contrast to traditional static surfaces, smart patterned surfaces with periodical and reversible morphologies offer limitless opportunities for encoding surface functions and properties on demand, facilitating their widespread application as functional building blocks in various devices. Advances in intelligently controlling the macroscopic properties of these smart surfaces have been accomplished through various techniques (such as three-dimensional printing, imprint lithography and femtosecond laser) and responsive materials. In contrast to the sophisticated techniques above, dynamic anisotropic wrinkling, taking advantage of dynamic programmable manipulation of surface wrinkling and its orientation, offers a powerful alternative for fabricating dynamic periodical patterns due to its spontaneous formation, versatility, convenient scale-up fabrication, and sensitivity to various stimuli. This review comprehensively summarizes recent advances in smart patterned surfaces with dynamic oriented wrinkles, covering design principles, fabrication techniques, representative types of physical and chemical stimuli, as well as fine-tuning of wrinkle dimensions and orientation. Finally, advanced applications of these smart patterned surfaces are presented, along with a discussion of current challenges and future prospects in this rapidly evolving field. This review would offer some insights and guidelines for designing and engineering novel stimuli-responsive smart wrinkled surfaces, thereby facilitating their sustainable development and progressing toward commercialization.

Multi-parametric MRI-based machine learning model for prediction of WHO grading in patients with meningiomas.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a nomogram combined multiparametric MRI and clinical indicators for identifying the WHO grade of meningioma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five hundred and sixty-eight patients were included in this study, who were diagnosed pathologically as having meningiomas. Firstly, radiomics features were extracted from CE-T1, T2, and 1-cm-thick tumor-to-brain interface (BTI) images. Then, difference analysis and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator were orderly used to select the most representative features. Next, the support vector machine algorithm was conducted to predict the WHO grade of meningioma. Furthermore, a nomogram incorporated radiomics features and valuable clinical indicators was constructed by logistic regression. The performance of the nomogram was assessed by calibration and clinical effectiveness, as well as internal validation. RESULTS: Peritumoral edema volume and gender are independent risk factors for predicting meningioma grade. The multiparametric MRI features incorporating CE-T1, T2, and BTI features showed the higher performance for prediction of meningioma grade with a pooled AUC = 0.885 (95% CI, 0.821-0.946) and 0.860 (95% CI, 0.788-0.923) in the training and test groups, respectively. Then, a nomogram with a pooled AUC = 0.912 (95% CI, 0.876-0.961), combined radiomics score, peritumoral edema volume, and gender improved diagnostic performance compared to radiomics model or clinical model and showed good calibration as the true results. Moreover, decision curve analysis demonstrated satisfactory clinical effectiveness of the proposed nomogram. CONCLUSIONS: A novel nomogram is simple yet effective in differentiating WHO grades of meningioma and thus can be used in patients with meningiomas. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: We proposed a nomogram that included clinical indicators and multi-parameter radiomics features, which can accurately, objectively, and non-invasively differentiate WHO grading of meningioma and thus can be used in clinical work. KEY POINTS: • The study combined radiomics features and clinical indicators for objectively predicting the meningioma grade. • The model with CE-T1 + T2 + brain-to-tumor interface features demonstrated the best predictive performance by investigating seven different radiomics models. • The nomogram potentially has clinical applications in distinguishing high-grade and low-grade meningiomas.

Regulating Zn2+ Migration-Diffusion Behavior by Spontaneous Cascade Optimization Strategy for Long-Life and Low N/P Ratio Zinc Ion Batteries.

Parasitic side reactions and dendrite growth on zinc anodes are formidable issues causing limited lifetime of aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs). Herein, a spontaneous cascade optimization strategy is first proposed to regulate Zn2+ migration-diffusion behavior. Specifically, PAPE@Zn layer with separation-reconstruction properties is constructed in situ on Zn anode. In this layer, well-soluble poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) can spontaneously separation to bulk electrolyte and weaken the preferential coordination between H2O and Zn2+ to achieve primary optimization. Meanwhile, poor-soluble polymerized-4-acryloylmorpholine (PACMO) is reconstructed on Zn anode as hydrophobic flower-like arrays with abundant zincophilic sites, further guiding the de-solvation and homogeneous diffusion of Zn2+ to achieve the secondary optimization. Cascade optimization effectively regulates Zn2+ migration-diffusion behavior, dendrite growth and side reactions of Zn anode are negligible, and the stability is significantly improved. Consequently, symmetrical cells exhibit stability over 4000 h (1 mA cm-2). PAPE@Zn//NH4 +-V2O5 full cells with a high current density of 15 A g-1 maintains 72.2 % capacity retention for 12000 cycles. Even better, the full cell demonstrates excellent performance of cumulative capacity of 2.33 Ah cm-2 at ultra-low negative/positive (N/P) ratio of 0.6 and a high mass-loading (~17 mg cm-2). The spontaneous cascade optimization strategy provides novel path to achieve high-performance and practical ZIBs.

Suppressed Dissolution of Fluorine-Rich SEI Enables Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anode for Stable Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries.

The instability of the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is a critical challenge for the zinc metal anodes, leading to an erratic electrode/electrolyte interface and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), ultimately resulting in anode failure. This study uncovers that the fluorine species dissolution is the root cause of SEI instability. To effectively suppress the F- dissolution, an introduction of a low-polarity molecule, 1,4-thioxane (TX), is proposed, which reinforces the stability of the fluorine-rich SEI. Moreover, the TX molecule has a strong affinity for coordinating with Zn2+ and adsorbing at the electrode/electrolyte interface, thereby diminishing the activity of local water and consequently impeding SEI dissolution. The robust fluorine-rich SEI layer promotes the high durability of the zinc anode in repeated plating/stripping cycles, while concurrently suppressing HER and enhancing Coulombic efficiency. Notably, the symmetric cell with TX demonstrates exceptional electrochemical performance, sustaining over 500 hours at 20 mA cm-2 with 10 mAh cm-2. Furthermore, the Zn||KVOH full cell exhibits excellent capacity retention, averaging 6.8 mAh cm-2 with 98 % retention after 400 cycles, even at high loading with a lean electrolyte. This work offers a novel perspective on SEI dissolution as a key factor in anode failure, providing valuable insights for the electrolyte design in energy storage devices.

d-Electrons of Platinum Alloy Steering CO Pathway for Low-charge Potential Li-CO2 Batteries.

Aprotic Li-CO2 batteries suffer from sluggish solid-solid co-oxidation kinetics of C and Li2CO3, requiring extremely high charging potentials and leading to serious side reactions and poor energy efficiency. Herein, we introduce a novel approach to address these challenges by modulating the reaction pathway with tailored Pt d-electrons and develop an aprotic Li-CO2 battery with CO and Li2CO3 as the main discharge products. Note that the gas-solid co-oxidation reaction between CO and Li2CO3 is both kinetically and thermodynamically more favorable. Consequently, the Li-CO2 batteries with CoPt alloy-supported on nitrogen-doped carbon nanofiber (CoPt@NCNF) cathode exhibit a charging potential of 2.89 V at 50 µA cm-2, which is the lowest charging potential to date. Moreover, the CoPt@NCNF cathode also shows exceptional cycling stability (218 cycles at 50 µA cm-2) and high energy efficiency up to 74.6%. Comprehensive experiments and theoretical calculations reveal that the lowered d-band center of CoPt alloy effectively promotes CO desorption and inhibits further CO reduction to C. This work provides promising insights into developing efficient and CO-selective Li-CO2 batteries.

Hierarchical-Pore-Stabilization Strategy for Fabricating 18.3 wt% High-Loading Single-Atom Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Metal single-atom catalysts (M-SACs) attract extraordinary attention for promoting oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with 100% atomic utilization. However, low metal loading (usually less than 2 wt%) limits their overall catalytic performance. Herein, a hierarchical-structure-stabilization strategy for fabricating high-loading (18.3%) M-SACs with efficient ORR activity is reported. Hierarchical pores structure generated with high N content by SiO2 can provide more coordination sites and facilitate the adsorption of Fe3+ through mesoporous and confinement effect of it stabilizes Fe atoms in micropores on it during pyrolysis. High N content on hierarchical pores structure could provide more anchor sites of Fe atoms during the subsequent secondary pyrolysis and synthesize the dense and accessible Fe-N4 sites after subsequent pyrolysis. In addition, Se power is introduced to modulate the electronic structure of Fe-N4 sites and further decrease the energy barrier of the ORR rate-determining step. As a result, the Fe single atom catalyst delivers unprecedentedly high ORR activity with a half-wave potential of 0.895 V in 0.1 M KOH aqueous solution and 0.791 V in 0.1 M HClO4 aqueous solution. Therefore, a hierarchical-pore-stabilization strategy for boosting the density and accessibility of Fe-N4 species paves a new avenue toward high-loading M-SACs for various applications such as thermocatalysis and photocatalysis.

Parallel Fourier ptychographic microscopy reconstruction method based on FPGA.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) can bypass the limitation of spatial bandwidth product to get images with large field-of-view and high resolution. The complicated sequential iterative calculation in the FPM reconstruction process reduces the reconstruction efficiency of the FPM. Therefore, we propose a parallel FPM reconstruction method based on field programmable gate array (FPGA) to accelerate the FPM reconstruction process. Using this method, multiple sub-regions in the Fourier domain can be computed in parallel and we customize a dedicated high-performance computational architecture for this approach. We deploy 4 FPM reconstruct computing architectures with a parallelism of 4 in a FPGA to compute the FPM reconstruction process, achieving the speed nearly 180 times faster than traditional methods. The proposed method provides a new perspective of parallel computing for FPM reconstruction.

Inhibition of human peptide deformylase by actinonin sensitizes glioblastoma cells to temozolomide chemotherapy.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a common intracranial primary tumor of the central nervous system with high malignancy, poor prognosis, and short survival. Studies have shown that mitochondrial energy metabolism plays an important role in GBM chemotherapy resistance, suggesting that interrupting mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) may improve GBM treatment. Human peptide deformylase (HsPDF) is a mitochondrial deformylase that removes the formylated methionine from the N-terminus of proteins encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), thereby contributing to correct protein folding and participating in the assembly of the electron respiratory chain complex. In this study, we found that the expression of mtDNA-encoded proteins was significantly downregulated after treatment of GBM cells U87MG and LN229 with the HsPDF inhibitor, actinonin. In combination with temozolomide, a preferred chemotherapeutic medicine for GBM, the OXPHOS level decreased, mitochondrial protein homeostasis was unbalanced, mitochondrial fission increased, and the integrated stress response was activated to promote mitochondrial apoptosis. These findings suggest that HsPDF inhibition is an important strategy for overcoming chemoresistance of GBM cells.

Empirically-Derived Effect Size Distributions of Interventions for Young Children on the Autism Spectrum.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to present a set of empirically derived effect size distributions to provide field-based benchmarks for interpreting the observed effects of interventions for young children on the autism spectrum, and for planning future studies. METHOD: We generated effect size distributions and reported quartile values for each by outcome domain, and by boundedness, proximity, and assessment approach using 1552 effect sizes from 144 early childhood autism intervention studies gathered for a previously published meta-analysis. RESULTS: Quartile values represent considerable heterogeneity in effect size distributions across outcome domains, as well as variability as a function of outcome boundedness, proximity, and assessment approach. CONCLUSIONS: Our results serve as field- and outcome-specific benchmarks (e.g., contextual guides for small, medium, and large effects) that will help autism intervention researchers easily incorporate information from relevant prior empirical literature when conducting power analyses to plan for future studies. Benchmarks will also assist researchers seeking to interpret the magnitude of observed effects in clinical trials relative to the broader distribution of intervention effects on similar outcomes. Nuanced discussions that contextualize study findings in light of relevant empirical benchmarks will better assist practitioners in understanding the magnitude and scope of demonstrated change relative to studies with similar outcomes and selecting interventions for clinical practice. We discuss the limitations of these data, our analyses, as well as directions for future work.

Creating a brief form of the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory in the Chinese cultural context using multilevel factor analyses.

The aim of this study was to examine the multilevel factor structure of the Supervisory Working Alliance Inventory (SWAI; Efstation et al., 1990) and shorten it for routine clinical use in the Chinese cultural context. Participants were 203 (Sample 1) and 97 (Sample 2) beginning counseling trainees from a master's level training program in China. They were given the SWAI after every supervision session, and a subset of Sample 1 trainees also completed measures of their counseling self-efficacy before every client session. With Sample 1, multilevel exploratory factory analysis (M-EFA) showed that for the original 19-item version of SWAI, two factors emerged on the within-trainee level (Rapport and Client Focus) as proposed in Efstation et al. (1990), whereas only one General Alliance factor was identifiable on the between-trainee level. After removing poorly or double-loaded items, a six-item brief version of SWAI (SWAI-Brief) was obtained. Using Sample 2, multilevel confirmatory factor analysis and multilevel bifactor models supported the factor structure found in M-EFA with Sample 1. Empirical evidence also supported the reliability of the SWAI-Brief, as well as its criterion-related concurrent and predictive validity given its significant associations with trainee's counseling self-efficacy at the same week and in the subsequent week. Results suggested that the six-item SWAI-Brief could be a reliable and valid measure for assessing supervisory working alliance in the Chinese cultural context and may be used to continuously track clinical supervision processes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The development of a Brief Working Alliance Inventory for clients and therapists using multilevel factor analysis and item response theory in the United States and China.

This study aimed to investigate the multilevel factor structure of the therapist and client versions of the 12-item Working Alliance Inventory-Short Revised (WAI; Hatcher & Gillaspy, 2006) in the United States and China, and to create a three-item brief version (WAI-B3) using multilevel factor analysis (M-FA) and multilevel item response theory (M-IRT). We gathered eight data sets from two samples each in United States and China with a total of 21,623 sessions from 376 therapists and 2,455 clients. M-FA results with the first four data sets (two American and two Chinese) suggested that the 12-item WAI across therapist and client versions, and in both United States and China showed a dominant general WA factor with three specific subgroup factors corresponding to the Goal, Task, and Bond items. We then constructed a three-item WAI-B3 by selecting items 11, 10, and 9 through M-IRT, as the best representative of Goal, Task, and Bond subscales, respectively, for both the therapist and client versions in United States and China. With the other four data sets (two American, two Chinese) to test the WAI-B3, we found adequate multilevel reliability, structural validity, and convergent validity with the original 12-item WAI scores. Multilevel measurement invariance tests provided tentative and mixed support for the equivalence of WAI-B3 between the American and Chinese data sets and between therapist and client versions. We recommend that the WAI-B3 be used in routine clinical practice to track therapy process, and that the WAI-B3 be tested with other client and therapist populations and cultures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Development of a brief therapist presence inventory in China using multilevel factor analysis and item response theory.

Objectives The aims of this study were to investigate the multilevel factor structure of the Therapist Presence Inventory-Therapist version (TPI-T) in a sample of Chinese beginning trainees, and to develop a 6-item brief version (TPI-T-Brief) using multilevel item response theory (M-IRT). Methods: Participants included 131 therapists from a master's level counseling training program in China. After every session, therapists were sent the TPI-T and measures assessing their ratings of working alliance and session quality. Results: Multilevel factor analysis indicated that though conceptually TPI-T was hypothesized as having a unidimensional structure, the positively and negative worded items emerged as two statistical artifact factors. Using M-IRT, we shortened the 21-item TPI-T into the 6-item TPI-T-Brief, with three positive and three negative items. Conclusions: Evidence was found for the multilevel reliability, convergent validity, and concurrent validity of TPI-T-Brief given its significant associations with therapist- and client-rated working alliance and session quality. Further, TPI-T-Brief had significant predictive effect of session quality above and beyond working alliance at the session level. We discussed limitations (including using only one dataset) and recommended that the TPI-T-Brief be used in routine clinical practice to track therapy process.

Ligand-Engineered Quantum Dots Decorated Heterojunction Photoelectrodes for Self-Biased Solar Water Splitting.

A cost-effective and high-efficiency photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting system based on colloidal quantum dots (QDs) represents a potential solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion technology to achieve future carbon neutrality. Herein, a self-biased PEC cell consisting of BiVO4 photoanode and Cu2 O photocathode both decorated with Zn-doped CuInS2 (ZCIS) QDs is successfully fabricated. The intrinsic charge dynamics of the photoelectrodes are efficiently optimized via rational engineering of the surface ligands capped on QDs with controllable chain lengths and binding affinities to the metal oxide electrodes. It is demonstrated that the short-chain monodentate 1-dodecanethiol ligands are beneficial to ZCIS QDs for suppressing charge recombination, which enables the construction of tight heterojunction with coupled metal oxide electrodes, leading to effective photo-induced charge transfer/injection for enhanced PEC performance. The QD decorated BiVO4 and Cu2 O photoelectrodes in pairs demonstrate a self-biased PEC water splitting process, delivering an STH efficiency of 0.65% with excellent stability under AM 1.5 G one-sun illumination. The results highlight the significance of synergistic ligand and heterojunction engineering to build highly efficient and robust QDs-based PEC devices for self-biased solar water splitting.

Solving optimal carrier frequencies of a CGH null compensator through a double-constrained searching method based on iterative ray-tracings.

Interferometry based on a computer-generated hologram (CGH) null compensator is a general method for high-precision metrology of aspherics. Because the most commonly used CGHs are the Ronchi type with only two quantization steps, tilt and defocus carrier frequencies must always be introduced to separate the disturbing diffraction orders (DDOs). Determining the amount of carrier frequencies is a pivotal but difficult issue in the CGH design process. Previous studies have only drawn qualitative conclusions or obtained some approximate results under specific conditions. This paper proposes a double-constrained searching method based on iterative ray-tracings, which can directly and accurately give the optimal combination of tilt and defocus carrier frequencies, as long as the aspheric under test is a concave one and has an analytical expression. The optimal carrier frequencies solved by the proposed method will minimize the line density of the CGH on the premise of separating all DDOs, which will reduce the cost and difficulty of fabrication as much as possible. The proposed method is almost error-free and holds a clear advantage over the previous methods in terms of versatility. Several typical design examples are presented to verify the feasibility and versatility of the proposed method. Its accuracy is also verified through making comparisons of the ray-tracing results between another method and Zemax models based on these examples.

High-performance heterogeneous FPGA data-flow architecture for Fourier ptychographic microscopy.

Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) is a recently developed computational imaging technique that can achieve both high-resolution and a wide field-of-view via a sequence of low-resolution images. FPM is a complex iterative process, and it is difficult to meet the needs of rapid reconstruction imaging with the conventional FPM deployed on general purpose processors. In this paper, we propose a high-performance heterogeneous field-programmable gate array (FPGA) architecture based on the principle of full pipeline and the data-flow structure for the iterative reconstruction procedure of FPM. By optimizing the architecture network at gate-level logic circuits, the running time of the FPGA-based FPM reconstruction procedure is nearly 20 times faster than conventional methods. Our proposed architecture can be used to develop FPM imaging equipment that meets resource and performance requirements.

Characterization of L-arabinose/D-galactose 1-dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima and its application in galactonate production.

The first hyperthermophilic L-arabinose/D-galactose 1-dehydrogenase (TmAraDH) from Thermotoga maritima was heterologously purified from Escherichia coli. It belongs to the Gfo/Idh/MocA protein family, prefers NAD+/NADP+ as a cofactor. The purified TmAraDH exhibited maximum activity toward L-arabinose at 75 °C and pH 8.0, and retained 63.7% of its activity after 24 h at 60 °C, and over 60% of its activity after holding a pH ranging from 7.0 to 9.0 for 1 h. Among all tested substrates, TmAraDH exclusively catalyzed the NAD(P)+-dependent oxidation of L-arabinose, D-galactose and D-fucose. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) towards L-arabinose and D-galactose was 123.85, 179.26 min-1 mM-1 for NAD+, and 56.06, 18.19 min-1 mM-1 for NADP+, respectively. TmAraDH exhibited complete oxidative conversion in 12 h at 70 °C to D-galactonate with 5 mM D-galactose. Modelling provides structural insights into the cofactor and substrate recognition specificity. Our results suggest that TmAraDH have great potential for the conversion of L-arabinose and D-galactose to L-arabonate and D-galactonate.