RESUMEN
Nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer is of considerable significance for the sustainable development of agriculture. A pot experiment using nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer was conducted to explore the effects of different treatments on matter accumulation, physiological resistance, and fertilizer nitrogen fate in banana seedlings. Compared with conventional fertilization, a 20% reduction of nitrogen did not affect the dry weight, chlorophyll content, physiological resistance, and fertilizer utilization rate of banana seedlings, but significantly reduced the nitrogen leaching loss and increased the nitrogen soil residue. Compared with conventional fertilization, organic nitrogen substituting 20% or 30% of the nitrogen reduced by 20% significantly promoted dry matter accumulation and physiological resistance. Organic nitrogen substituting 30% of the 20% reduction of nitrogen increased the dry matter of the whole plant by 24.94%, the nitrogen uptake in the root by 30.87%, the chlorophyll content by 6.05%, the soluble sugar content by 16.88%, Peroxidase (POD) activity by 26.35%, Catalase (CAT) activity by 27.48%, and Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) activity by 22.97%. Compared with conventional fertilization, all organic substitution treatments significantly reduced fertilizer nitrogen leaching loss, apparent loss, and increased nitrogen soil residue. Compared with the 20% reduction of nitrogen, organic nitrogen substituting 30% of the 20% reduction of nitrogen significantly increased nitrogen utilization by 16.34% and soil residue rate by 13.26%, and reduced nitrogen leaching loss by 35.46%. The results of the present study revealed that a 20% reduction of nitrogen fertilizer with a 30% organic substitution application promoted matter accumulation, enhanced the physiological resistance of banana seedlings, increased the utilization and residue of nitrogen fertilizer, and reduced nitrogen pollution.