Effective Absorption Mechanism of SO2 and NO2 in the Flue Gas by Ammonium-Bromide-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents.

Simultaneous capture of SO2 and NO x from flue gas is critical for coal-fired power generation. In this study, environmentally friendly and high-performance deep eutectic solvents based on ethylene glycol and ammonium bromide were designed to capture SO2 and NO2 simultaneously. The SO2 and NO2 absorption performances and absorption mechanisms were systematically investigated by 1H NMR and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy in combination with ab initio calculations using Gaussian software. The results showed that EG-TBAB DESs can absorb low concentrations of SO2 and NO2 from the flue gas simultaneously at low temperatures (≤50 °C). 1H NMR, FT-IR, and simulation results indicate that SO2 and NO2 are absorbed by forming EG-TBAB-SO2-NO2 complexes, Br- is the main active site for NO2 absorption, and NO2 is more active in an EG-TBAB-NO2-SO2 complex than SO2. EG-TBAB DESs exhibit outstanding regeneration capability, and absorption capacities remain unchanged after five absorption-desorption cycles. The fundamental understanding of simultaneous capture of SO2 and NO2 from this study enables DES structures to be rationally designed for efficient and low-cost desulfurization and denitrification reagents.

Stage IA Patients With Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Cannot Benefit From Chemotherapy: A Propensity Score Matching Study.

Purpose: Adjuvant chemotherapy following resection is recommended by clinical practice guidelines for all patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy among the staging groups of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) for PDAC. Patients and Methods: This retrospective cohort analysis was performed by the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) (2004-2015) database and multi-institutional dataset (2010-2018). Baseline clinicopathologic characteristics of PDAC patients, including age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, education level, county income level, county unemployed rate, insurance status, grade, stage, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy, were collected. Overall survival (OS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The SEER and multi-institutional data were adjusted with 1:1 ratio propensity score matching (PSM). Results: In total, 6,274 and 1,361 PDAC patients were included from the SEER database and multi-institutional dataset, respectively. Regardless of the count of resected lymph nodes, adjuvant chemotherapy prolonged the long-term OS time for stage IB, IIA, IIB, and III patients in both SEER and multi-institutional cohorts. Nevertheless, adjuvant chemotherapy did not provide additional clinical benefits even after a PSM adjustment for stage IA patients in both SEER and multi-institutional cohorts. Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy improved the long-term survival of stage IB, IIA, IIB, and III PDAC patients; however, it demonstrated no survival benefit in stage IA PDAC patients. Thus, adjuvant chemotherapy should not be recommended for stage IA PDAC patients. These would significantly reduce the economic burden of society and improve the life quality of stage IA PDAC patients.