Metabolic outcomes in obese mice undergoing one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) with a long or a short biliopancreatic limb.

One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has gained importance as a simple, safe, and effective operation to treat morbid obesity. We previously found that Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery with a long compared with a short biliopancreatic limb (BPL) leads to improved weight loss and glucose tolerance in obese mice. However, it is not known whether a long BPL in OAGB surgery also results in beneficial metabolic outcomes. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks underwent OAGB surgery with defined BPL lengths (5.5 cm distally of the duodenojejunal junction for short and 9.5 cm for long BPL), or sham surgery combined with caloric restriction. Weight loss, glucose tolerance, obesity-related comorbidities, endocrine effects, gut microbiota, and bile acids were assessed. Total weight loss was independent of the length of the BPL after OAGB surgery. However, a long BPL was associated with lower glucose-stimulated insulin on day 14, and an improved glucose tolerance on day 35 after surgery. Moreover, a long BPL resulted in reduced total cholesterol, while there were no differences in the resolution of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and adipose tissue inflammation. Tendencies of an attenuated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and aldosterone were present in the long BPL group. With both the short and long BPL, we found an increase in primary conjugated bile acids (pronounced in long BPL) along with a loss in bacterial Desulfovibrionaceae and Erysipelotrichaceae and simultaneous increase in Akkermansiaceae, Sutterellaceae, and Enterobacteriaceae. In summary, OAGB surgery with a long compared with a short BPL led to similar weight loss, but improved glucose metabolism, lipid, and endocrine outcomes in obese mice, potentially mediated through changes in gut microbiota and related bile acids. Tailoring the BPL length in humans might help to optimize metabolic outcomes after bariatric surgery.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Weight loss following OAGB surgery in obese mice was not influenced by BPL length, but a longer BPL was associated with improved metabolic outcomes, including glucose and lipid homeostasis. These changes could be mediated by bile acids upon altered gut microbiota. Further validation of these findings is required through a randomized human study.

One anastomosis gastric bypass as a primary bariatric surgery: MBSAQIP database analysis of short-term safety and outcomes.

BACKGROUND: One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is described as a simpler, potentially safe, and effective bariatric-metabolic procedure that has been recently endorsed by the American Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery. OBJECTIVES: First, we aim to compare the 30-day outcomes between OAGB and other bypass procedures: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and single anastomosis duodenoileal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (SADI-S). Second, identify the odds between postoperative complications and each surgical procedure. METHODS: Patients who underwent primary OAGB, RYGB, and SADI-S were identified using the MBSAQIP database of 2020 and 2021. An analysis of patient demographics and 30-day outcomes were compared between these three bypass procedures. In addition, a multilogistic regression for overall complications, blood transfusions, unplanned ICU admissions, readmission, reoperation, and anastomotic leak stratified by surgical procedure was performed. RESULTS: 1607 primary OAGBs were reported between 2020 and 2021. In terms of patient demographics, patients who underwent RYGB and SADI-S showed a higher incidence of comorbidities. On the other hand, OAGB had shorter length of stay (1.39 ± 1.10 days vs 1.62 ± 1.42 days and 1.90 ± 2.04 days) and operative times (98.79 ± 52.76 min vs 125.91 ± 57.76 min and 139.85 ± 59.20 min) than RYGB and SADI-S. Similarly, OAGB showed lower rates of overall complications (1.9% vs 4.5% and 6.4%), blood transfusions (0.4% vs 1.1% and 1.8%), unplanned ICU admission (0.3% vs 0.8% and 1.4%), readmission (2.4% vs 4.9% and 5.0%), and reoperation (1.2% vs 1.9% and 3.1%). A multilogistic regression analysis was performed, RYGB and SADI-S demonstrated higher odds of 30-day complications. CONCLUSION: The incidence of primary OAGB has increased since its approval by ASMBS, from 0.05% reported between 2015 and 2019 to 0.78% between 2020 and 2021. OAGB had better 30-day outcomes and shorter operative times than RYGB and SADI-S and therefore, could be considered a viable alternative.

Effect of anti-reflux suture on gastroesophageal reflux symptoms after one anastomosis gastric bypass: a randomized controlled trial.

PURPOSE: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is an issue after one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and modification of OAGB with adding an anti-reflux system may decrease the incidence of postoperative GERD. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of the anti-reflux mechanism to treat preoperative GERD and prevent de novo GERD. METHODS: A prospective randomized clinical trial study was conducted on patients with a body mass index of 40 and more from August 2020 to February 2022. Patients undergoing one anastomosis gastric bypass with and without anti-reflux sutures (groups A and B, respectively). These patients had follow-ups for one year after the surgery. GERD symptoms were assessed in all the patients using the GERD symptom questionnaire. RESULTS: The mean age was 39.5 ± 9.8 years and 40.7 ± 10.2 years in groups A and B respectively. GERD symptoms remission occurred in 76.5% and 68.4% of patients in groups A and B, respectively. The incidence of de novo GERD symptoms was lower in group A, compared to group B (6.2% and 16.1% in groups A and B respectively), without any statistically significant difference (p-value: 0.239). CONCLUSION: GERD symptoms and de novo GERD after OAGB seems to be under-reported after OAGB. This study suggests that applying an anti-reflux suture can decrease de novo GERD symptoms.

Conversion of one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): who is more at risk? A multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Although gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) affects 0.6% to 10% of patients operated on for one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB), only about 1% require surgery to convert to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) [3-5]. The aim of the present study was to analyze the characteristics of OAGB patients converted to RYGB for GERD not responding to medical treatment. METHODS: This retrospective multicenter study included patients who underwent conversion from OAGB to RYGB for severe GERD. The conversion was performed with resection of the previous gastro-jejunal anastomosis and the use of the afferent loop as a new biliary loop. RESULTS: A total of 126 patients were included in the study. Of these patients, 66 (52.6%) had a past medical history of bariatric restrictive surgery (gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy). A hiatal hernia (HH) was present in 56 patients (44.7%). The association between previous restrictive surgery and HH was recorded in 33 (26.2%) patients. Three-dimensional gastric computed tomography showed an average gastric pouch volume of 242.4 ± 55.1 cm3. Conversion to RYGB was performed on average 60 ± 35.6 months after OAGB. Seven patients (5.5%) experienced an early postoperative complication (4 patients grade IIIb and 3 grade IIb), and 3 (2.4%) a late complication. Patients showed further weight loss after RYGB conversion and an average of 24.8 ± 21.7 months after surgery, with a mean % of total weight loss (%TWL) of 6.9 ± 13.6 kg. From a clinical point of view, the problem of GERD was definitively solved in more than 90% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Situations that weaken the esogastric junction appear to be highly frequent in patients operated on for OAGB and converted to RYGB for severe reflux. Similarly, the correct creation of the gastric pouch could play an important role in reducing the risk of conversion to RYGB for GERD.

ReSleeve or revisional one anastomosis gastric bypass for failed primary sleeve gastrectomy with dilated gastric tube: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Revisional bariatric surgery (RBS) has been increasingly performed due to weight loss failure (WLF). Many revisional procedures have been proposed after primary laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (pLSG) failure, including ReSleeve gastrectomy (ReLSG), and laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass (LOAGB). Choosing the RBS post-pLSG failure represents a challenge. WLF without gastric tube (GT) dilation is undoubtedly converted to a malabsorptive procedure, but the presence of GT dilation makes it more difficult to select a RBS. This study aimed to compare two relatively simple revisional procedures after pLSG failure with dilated GT to help decision making on which procedure better done to which patient. METHODS: Data of 52 patients who completed one year follow-up (FU) after their RBS (ReLSG: 27 or LOAGB: 25) for their failed pLSG were collected, assessed, correlated to weight loss (WL) and compared. RESULTS: Mean operative time was 97 ± 18.4 min. with revisional LOAGB (RLOAGB) and 62 ± 11 min. with ReLSG. Six patients (11.5%) had seven postoperative procedure-specific complications. Significant hemorrhage occurred in three patients. Two cases of leakage were encountered with each procedure. LOAGB Patients had lower mean final weight (76.2 ± 10.5 vs 85.3 ± 13), lower mean Final BMI (26.4 ± 2.5 vs 29.7 ± 2.9) and higher mean percentage of excess weight loss (EWL%) (83.6 ± 13.5% vs 60.29 ± 14.6%). All RLOAGB patients and 77.8% of ReLSG patients had EWL% > 50%. RLOAGB patients had higher EWL% compared to ReLSG (p < 0.001). Insufficient WL (IWL) patients had higher EWL% compared to weight regain (WR) patients (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: Both procedures (RLOAGB and ReLSG) were relatively safe and effective in terms of WL. RLOAGB led to higher WL compared to ReLSG in all types of patients despite higher Caloric intake. IWL patients had more WL compared to WR patients. WL was not related to GT dilation type. Large-scale longer-FU studies are still needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PACTR202310644487566 (retrospectively registered).

Midterm outcomes of one anastomosis gastric bypass for patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2 from a large single center.

BACKGROUND: One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is gaining more attention in patients with severe obesity and recently is used for patients with body mass index (BMI) < 35 kg/m2. In this 5-year single center experience we aim to report our outcomes of using OAGB for patients with BMI < 35 kg/m2. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data recorded in to our national obesity registry database. Variables including age, sex, weight, BMI, any associated disease, blood levels of metabolic markers, nutrients, and vitamins before and after surgery were extracted and analyzed. RESULTS: 173 patients with mean age and BMI of 41 ± 10 years and 33 ± 1 kg/m2 underwent OAGB and at least one of the obesity-associated medical problems was found in 88 (50.5%) of them preoperatively. The mean duration of surgery and length of hospital stay were 60.7 ± 7.4 min and 1.3 ± 1.4 days. 78% and 70% of patients had available data at 24 and 60 months, respectively. The mean BMI was 23.9 ± 2.2 kg/m2 1 year after surgery and each year after that till 5 years was 24 ± 2, 24.4 ± 2.6, 25.1 ± 2.7, and 25.5 ± 2.7 kg/m2. Significant improvement in levels of fasting blood glucose, lipid profile, and liver enzymes were observed. CONCLUSION: OAGB for BMI < 35 kg/m2 has significant effects in weight loss, helps remit diabetes and hypertension in the majority of cases, improves lipid profile, and has no increased burden of postoperative problems or deficiency in nutritional factors rather than what is known and predictable.

Laparoscopic Roux-Y-gastric bypass versus laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass for obesity: clinical & metabolic results of a prospective randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has been proposed as an effective alternative to the current standard procedure in Switzerland, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). Prospective data comparing both procedures are scarce. Therefore, we performed a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial assessing the effectiveness and safety of these 2 operative techniques. METHOD: Eighty patients were randomized 1:1. OAGB consisted of a very long gastric pouch with a 200 cm biliopancreatic limb, RYGB of a 150 cm ante-colic alimentary and a 60 cm biliopancreatic limb, respectively. Primary endpoint was the percent excess weight loss (%EWL) at 12 months after surgery. RESULTS: Mean %EWL at 12 months was 87.9% (SD24.4) in the RYGB group and 104.1% (SD24.6) in the OAGB group (p = 0.006). There was no mortality. The rate of marginal ulcers was higher in patients with OAGB compared to those with RYGB (p = 0.011), while the total number of late complications did not statistically differ between the two groups. Except for the remission of GERD, which was higher in the RYGB group compared to OAGB, there was no difference between the groups regarding the remission of comorbidities. OAGB showed improved glucose control compared to the RYGB after 1 year (p = 0.001). Furthermore, glucagon-like peptide-1 increase was significantly higher in OAGB at 6 weeks (p = 0.041) and 1 year after surgery (p = 0.029). Quality of life improved after both surgeries, without differences between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: %EWL 1 year after surgery was higher in OAGB than in RYGB. A better glycemic control with a higher increase in GLP-1 was observed after OAGB compared to RYGB. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov under the identifier NCT02601092.

Early safety outcomes of laparoscopic one anastomosis gastric bypass in patients with class III, IV, and V obesity.

BACKGROUND: The extremely obese patient deserves special consideration: significant comorbidities, technical difficulties, and increased postoperative morbidity and mortality are all expected in this patient population. The study compared early postoperative complications (≤30-day) following one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) morbidity in patients with morbid obesity class IV obesity, body mass index (BMI) ≥50-59.9 kg/m2, and class V obesity, BMI ≥60 patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed perioperative OAGB outcomes in three BMI groups. Operative time, length of stay (LOS), and overall early postoperative complication rates were studied. Patient-reported complications were ranked by Clavien-Dindo Classification (CDC). RESULTS: Between January 2017-December 2021, consecutive patients with obesity class III (n = 2950), IV (n = 256), and V (n = 23) underwent OAGB. BMI groups were comparable in sex, age, and associated comorbidities. Mean operative time was significantly longer in the higher BMI groups: class III (66.5 ± 25.6 min), IV (70.5 ± 28.7 min), and V (80.0 ± 34.7 min), respectively (p = 0.018); no difference in LOS. In respective BMI classes, ≤30-day complication rates were 3.2%, 3.5%, and 4.3% (p = 0.926). The respective number of patients with CDC grades of one to two were 45 (1.5%), 6 (2.3%), and 1 (4.3%), p = 0.500; and in grade ≥3a, 25 (0.8%), 1 (0.4%), 0 (0.0%), p = 0.669. There was 0.06% mortality (n = 2 in 3229), both in BMI class III. CONCLUSIONS: OAGB is a safe BS procedure in patients with class III, IV, and V obesity in the perioperative term with comparable ≤30-day morbidity in the three BMI groups.

The predictive relationship between early and long-term weight loss outcomes after one anastomosis gastric bypass.

BACKGROUND: Weight loss failure after bariatric surgery imposes great stress on patients and surgeons and great costs on healthcare systems. The literature review shows that weight loss failure is the most common cause of redo bariatric surgery. Therefore, identifying the predictors of weight loss failure in patients in the early stages can help bariatric surgeons. The present study aims to determine the association between primary weight loss and long-term weight loss outcomes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 329 patients undergoing OAGB who were followed for 60 months. For the prediction of short-term (24 months) and long-term (60 months) successful weight loss and weight regain, we used %TWL and BMI at any regular follow-ups. RESULTS: In preoperative indices, age, sex, DLP, hypothyroidism, and HTN were not significant to predict successful short-term and long-term weight loss but %TWL at 12 months is a significant predictor of successful weight loss in short-term and long-term follow up. In the prediction of weight regain, preoperative indices (except BMI) were not significant but 12-month %TWL was a significant predictor. CONCLUSIONS: This index can help surgeons find these patients early and provide helpful instructions to manage their issues more promptly to reach better weight loss outcomes.

Pros and cons of partial reversal with gastro-gastrostomy in patients with refractory hypoalbuminemia following one-anastomosis gastric bypass.

PURPOSE: Hypoalbuminemia following One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) surgery remains a major concern among bariatric surgeons. This study aims to assess the outcome of partial reversal to normal anatomy with gastro-gastrostomy alone in patients with refractory hypoalbuminemia following OAGB surgery. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on patients who underwent partial reversal surgery with gastro-gastrostomy alone due to refractory hypoalbuminemia post-OAGB surgery, using data from the Iran National Obesity Surgery Database, from 2013 to 2022. RESULTS: Of 4640 individuals undergoing OAGB, 11 underwent gastro-gastrostomy due to refractory hypoalbuminemia. The median time from OAGB to partial reversal was 16.6 months and the BPL length ranged from 155 to 200 cm. The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 7 years. The mean BMI was 27.3 (7.5) kg/m² before partial reversal. The mean BMI post-reversal was 30.9 (4.2) kg/m² after 1 year and 33.3 (3.8) kg/m² after 2 years. Serum albumin levels significantly increased from 3.0 (0.4) g/dL to 4.0 (0.5) g/dL following gastro-gastrostomy (p-value < 0.001). Serum liver enzymes (SGOT, SGPT, ALP) significantly decreased post-gastro-gastrostomy (p-value < 0.05). Nine individuals (81.8%) achieved resolution of hypoalbuminemia after gastro-gastrostomy with maintenance of ≥ 20% TWL and ≥ 50% EWL. No cases of anastomotic stricture, leak, bleeding, or major complications were reported after gastro-gastrostomy. CONCLUSION: Gastro-gastrostomy appears to be a safe and efficacious technique for addressing refractory hypoalbuminemia following OAGB. The procedure preserves the weight loss achieved following OAGB without significant complications. However, further studies are required to validate these findings.

One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OABG) vs. Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass (SADI) as revisional procedure following Sleeve Gastrectomy: results of a multicenter study.

PURPOSE: Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) is the most performed bariatric surgery, but a considerable number of patients may require revisional procedures for suboptimal clinical response/recurrence of weight (SCR/RoW). Conversion options include One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) and Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass (SADI). The study aims to compare SADI vs. OAGB as revisional procedures in terms of early and mid-term complications, operative time, postoperative hospital stay and clinical outcomes. METHODS: All patients who underwent OAGB or SADI as revisional procedures following SG for SCR/RoW at three high-volume bariatric centers between January 2014 and April 2021 were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed. Demographic, operative, and postoperative outcomes of the two groups were compared. RESULTS: One hundred and sixty-eight patients were identified. After PSM, the two groups included 42 OAGB and 42 SADI patients. Early (≤ 30 days) postoperative complications rate did not differ significantly between OAGB and SADI groups (3 bleedings vs. 0, p = 0.241). Mid-term (within 2 years) complications rate was significantly higher in the OAGB group (21.4% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.007), mainly anastomotic complications and reflux disease (12% of OAGBs). Seven OAGB patients required conversion to another procedure (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass-RYGB) vs. none among the SADI patients (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: SADI and OAGB are both effective as revisional procedures for SCR/RoW after SG. OAGB is associated with a significantly higher rate of mid-term complications and a not negligible rate of conversion (RYGB). Larger studies are necessary to draw definitive conclusions.

Prevention of malnutrition after one anastomosis gastric bypass: value of the common channel limb length.

PURPOSE: Hypoalbuminemia and anemia are commonly observed indications for one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) reversal and remain significant concerns following the procedure. Sufficient common channel limb length (CCLL) is crucial to minimize nutritional complications. However, limited literature exists regarding the impact of CCLL on OAGB outcomes. This study aimed to assess the effect of CCLL on weight loss and nutritional status in patients who underwent OAGB. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted from August 2021 to July 2022, involving 64 patients with a body mass index of 40-50 kg/m2. The standardized length of the biliopancreatic limb (BPLL) for all patients in this study was set at 175 cm. Additionally, the measurement of the common channel limb length (CCLL) was performed consistently by the same surgeon for all included patients. RESULTS: The mean age and BMI of the patients were 39.91 ± 10.03 years and 43.13 ± 2.43 kg/m2, respectively, at the time of surgery. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between CCLL and percent total weight loss (%TWL) at the 12-month mark after OAGB (P = 0.02). Hypoalbuminemia was observed in one patient (1.6%), while anemia was present in 17 patients (26.6%) at the one-year follow-up. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in the incidence of anemia and hypoalbuminemia between patients with CCLL < 4 m and those with CCLL ≥ 4 m. CONCLUSION: A CCLL of 4 m does not appear to completely prevent nutritional complications following OAGB. However, maintaining a CCLL of at least 4 m may be associated with a reduced risk of postoperative nutritional deficiencies.

A Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial of Primary One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass: With FundoRing or Nissen Fundoplications vs. without Fundoplication for the Treatment of Obesity and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Background and Objectives: Obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are steadily increasing world weight and antireflux surgery must be performed simultaneously with bariatric surgery in obese patients. The purpose of this study is to compare bariatric and antireflux results after OAGB with different methods of fundoplication using the excluded stomach and without fundoplication. Materials and methods: This open-label, randomized, parallel three-arm trial was conducted from March 2019 and December 2021. All patients underwent laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass and suture cruroplasty, and then had a follow-up at 24 months. Group 1 of patients had fundoplication FundoRing using the excluded stomach (FundoRingOAGB); Group 2, with Nissen fundoplication using the excluded stomach (NissenOAGB); and Group 3, without fundoplication (OAGB). We studied changes in BMI, GERD symptoms (GERD-HRQL), and the VISICK score. Results: Of 219 participants screened, 150 were randomly allocated to 3 groups: FundoRingOAGB group (n = 50), NissenOAGB group (n = 50), and OAGB group (n = 50). At post-treatment month 24, BMI changes were as follows: from 40.7 ± 5.9 (31-53) to 24.3 ± 2.8 (19-29) kg/m2 in FundoRingOAGB group; from 39.9 ± 5.3 (32-54) to 26.3 ± 2.9 (23-32) kg/m2 in Nissen group; and from 40.9 ± 6.2 (32-56) to 28.5 ± 3.9 (25-34) kg/m2 in OAGB group. The mean pre-operative GERD-HRQL heartburn score improved post-op in FundoRingOAGB group from 20.6 ± 2.24 (19.96, 21.23) to 0.44 ± 0.73 (0.23, 0,64); in NissenOAGB group from 21.34 ± 2.43 (20.64, 22.03) to 1.14 ± 1.4 (0.74, 1.53); and in OAGB group 20.5 ± 2.17 (19.9, 21.25) to 2.12 ± 1.36 (1.73, 2.5). GERD-HRQL total scores were from pre-op 25.2 ± 2.7 (24.4, 25.9) to 4.34 ± 1.3 (3.96, 4.7) post-op in FundoRingOAGB group; 24.8 ± 2.93 (24, 25.67) pre-op to 5.42 ± 1.7 (4.9, 5.9) in the NissenOAGB group; and from 21.46 ± 2.7 (20.7, 22.2) to 7.44 ± 2.7 (6.6, 8.2) in the OAGB group. The mean VISICK score improved from 3.64 ± 0.94 (3.7, 3.9) to 1.48 ± 1.26 (1.12, 1.84) in FundoRingOAGB, from 3.42 ± 0.97 (3.1, 3,7) to 2.5 ± 1.46 (2.06, 2.9) in NissenOAGB group and from 3.38 ± 0.88 (3.1, 3,69) to 2.96 ± 1.19 (2.62, 3.2) in OAGB group. Conclusions: Antireflux and bariatric results of FundoRingOAGB are better than using the NissenOAGB method and significantly better than OAGB without the use of fundoplication.

[Short-term outcomes of mechanical and hand-sewn laparoscopic one-anastomosis mini-gastric bypass]. / Sravnitel'naya otsenka blizhaishikh rezul'tatov laparoskopicheskogo minigastroshuntirovaniya s apparatnym i manual'nym sposobami formirovaniya gastroeyunoanastomoza.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the short-term outcomes of mechanical and hand-sewn laparoscopic one-anastomosis mini-gastric bypass. MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 233 patients who underwent laparoscopic one-anastomosis mini-gastric bypass. Short-term results were analyzed in groups of mechanical (the first group, n=108) and hand-sewn (the second group, n=125) gastrojejunostomy. No significant between-group differences in baseline data were detected (demographic characteristics, body mass index, comorbidity and previous abdominal surgeries). RESULTS: Surgery time and blood loss were similar in both groups. Intraoperative morbidity was 7.2-10.2% (p=0.485). All complications required no surgical conversion (Satava-Kazaryan grade I). Overall postoperative morbidity was 16.0-21.3% (p=0.314). Most events corresponded to Accordion grade I and had no significant effect on hospital-stay. CONCLUSION: This study revealed no significant differences in short-term outcomes after laparoscopic one-anastomosis gastric bypass with mechanical and hand-sewn gastrojejunostomy. Further study of long-term clinical outcomes is necessary.

Comparative analysis of 5-year efficacy and outcomes of single anastomosis procedures as revisional surgery for weight regain following sleeve gastrectomy.

BACKGROUND: It is imperative to assess the results of revisional procedures following Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG), given the substantially growing population of patients who experience weight regain within a few years after undergoing this procedure. OBJECTIVE: Examine the comparative effectiveness of the Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Bypass (SADI-S) and the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB-MGB) as revisional procedures, with respect to their impact on weight loss, resolution of comorbidities, incidence of complications, and rates of reoperation in patients who had weight regain after SG with up to or more than 5 years of follow-up. SETTING: Hamad General Hospital, Academic tertiary referral center, Qatar. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed a database of patients who underwent the Single Anastomosis Duodeno-Ileal Switch (SADI-S) or the One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass - Mini Gastric Bypass- (OAGB-MGB) as revisional procedures for weight recidivism after a primary Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG). The follow-up period was at least 5 years, during which the impact of both procedures on weight loss, comorbidities, nutritional deficiencies, complications, and outcomes were compared. RESULTS: The study comprised 91 patients, with 42 and 49 in the SADI-S and OAGB-MGB groups, respectively. Significant weight loss (measured by total weight loss percentage, TWL%) was observed at the 5-year follow-up for the SADI-S group compared to the OAGB-MGB group (30.0 ± 18.4 vs. 19.4 ± 16.3, p = 0.008). Remission of comorbidities, specifically diabetes mellitus and hypertension, was more prevalent in the SADI-S group. Notably, the OAGB-MGB group had a higher incidence of complications (28.6% vs. 21.42%) and reoperations (5 patients vs. 1 in the SADI-S group). No mortality events were reported in either group. CONCLUSION: While both the OAGB-MGB and SADI-S have demonstrated efficacy as revisional procedures for weight regain following SG, the SADI-S exhibits superior outcomes compared to the OAGB-MGB with regard to weight loss, resolution of comorbidities, complication rates, and reoperation rates.

Esophageal function and non-acid reflux evaluated by impedance-24 h-pH-metry, high-resolution manometry, and gastroscopy after one-anastomosis gastric bypass-outcomes of a prospective mid-term study.

BACKGROUND: One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass (OAGB) is the third most common bariatric operation for patients with obesity worldwide. One concern about OAGB is the presence of acid and non-acid reflux in a mid- and long-term follow-up. The aim of this study was to objectively evaluate reflux and esophagus motility by comparing preoperative and postoperative mid-term outcomes. SETTING: Cross-sectional study; University-hospital based. METHODS: This study includes primary OAGB patients (preoperative gastroscopy, high-resolution manometry (HRM), and impedance-24 h-pH-metry) operated at Medical University of Vienna before 31st December 2017. After a mean follow-up of 5.1 ± 2.3 years, these examinations were repeated. In addition, history of weight, remission of associated medical problems (AMP), and quality of life (QOL) were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 21 patients were included in this study and went through all examinations. Preoperative weight was 124.4 ± 17.3 kg with a BMI of 44.7 ± 5.6 kg/m2, total weight loss after 5.1 ± 2.3 years was 34.4 ± 8.3%. In addition, remission of AMP and QOL outcomes were very satisfactory in this study. In gastroscopy, anastomositis, esophagitis, Barrett´s esophagus, and bile in the pouch were found in: 38.1%, 28.3%, 9.5%, and 42.9%. Results of HRM of the lower esophageal sphincter pressure were 28.0 ± 15.6 mmHg, which are unchanged compared to preoperative values. Nevertheless, in the impedance-24 h-pH-metry, acid exposure time and DeMeester score decreased significantly to 1.2 ± 1.2% (p = 0.004) and 7.5 ± 8.9 (p = 0.017). Further, the total number of refluxes were equal to preoperative; however, the decreased acid refluxes were replaced by non-acid refluxes. CONCLUSION: This study has shown decreased rates of acid reflux and increased non-acid reflux after a mid-term outcome of primary OAGB patients. Gastroscopy showed signs of chronic irritation of the gastrojejunostomy, pouch, and distal esophagus, even in asymptomatic patients. Follow-up gastroscopies in OAGB patients after 5 years may be considered.

Long-term outcomes of revisional one anastomosis gastric bypass post laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

PURPOSE: Revisional bariatric surgeries following laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) have demonstrated a dramatic increase worldwide. Recently, one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has become a contender as an appropriate revisional procedure; however, no long-term data currently exist on the effectiveness of it as a revisional surgery post-LSG. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients who underwent LSG at a public hospital in Kuwait from 2008 to 2017. A list was obtained of those who underwent revisional OAGB surgery after initial LSG, after which a phone survey was performed and demographics were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 29 patients underwent revisional OAGB post-initial LSG, of which 89.7% were female. Prior to LSG, the mean weight of the patients was 127.5 kg, and the mean BMI was 49.0 kg/m2. The mean weight loss after initial LSG was 43.8 kg, while the average duration until patients underwent revisional OAGB was 5.3 years. The cause for revision was weight regain (86.2%) or inadequate weight loss (13.8%). Prior to undergoing revisional OAGB, the weight and BMI of the patients was 110.9 kg and 42.4 kg/m2, respectively. Revisional OAGB demonstrated a %excess weight loss of 14.5%, 31.9%, 48.0%, 56.3%, 57.2%, and 54.7% at 2 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, 4 years, and 5 years, respectively. Twelve morbidities were reported during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION: Revisional bariatric surgery is technically demanding and may be associated with a high complication rate. However, OAGB as a revisional procedure has proven to be safe and effective in the long-term outcomes of revisional OAGB patients post-LSG.

Clinical influence of conversion of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy to one anastomosis gastric bypass on gastroesophageal reflux disease.

PURPOSE: Assess the subjective impact of gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms on patients undergoing revision from laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) to one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) using the Reflux Disease Questionnaire for GERD (RDQ) and the GERD-health related quality of life score (GERD-HRQL), prior to- and following conversion. METHODS: Patients undergoing revision from LSG to OAGB were prospectively followed between May 2015 and December 2020. Data retrieved included demographics, anthropometrics, previous bariatric history, time interval between LSG and OAGB, weight loss, and co-morbidities. Pre- and post-OAGB RDQ and GERD-HRQL questionnaires were obtained. In the case of sleeve dilatation, sleeve resizing was performed. RESULTS: During the study period, 37 patients underwent revision from LSG to OAGB. Mean ages at LSG and pre-OAGB were 38 ± 11.74 and 46 ± 12.75, respectively. Median follow-up time was 21.5 months (range 3-65). All patients underwent sleeve resizing. RDQ and GERD-HRQL scores were obtained at a median of 14 months (range 3-51) between pre- and post-OAGB. Median RDQ score pre-OAGB vs post-OAGB was significantly reduced (30 (range 12-72) vs 14 (range 12-60), p = 0.007). All 3 parts of the GERD- HRQL questionnaires were significantly reduced between pre-OAGB and post-OAGB: Symptoms (20; 62.5% vs 10; 31.3%, p = 0.012), overall score (15 (0-39) vs 7 (0-28), p = 0.04) and subjective improvement (10; 31% vs 20; 62.5%, p = 0.025). CONCLUSION: Conversion of LSG to OAGB showed subjective improvement of GERD symptoms both in RDQ and in GERD-HRQL.

OAGB with shortened excluded ileal loop as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the cases of Caucasian men and women with obesity of the first degree (BMI 30-35 kg/m2).

INTRODUCTION: The aim of the study is to assess the effect of shortening the excluded loop of the small intestine to 150 cm on the effectiveness of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) in remission of type 2 diabetes with Io obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 25 patients with a body mass index (BMI) 30-35 kg/m2, with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), and undergoing OAGB with excluded 150 cm of the small intestine. RESULTS: There were no deaths in the study group, bleeding during the postoperative period requiring reoperation, anastomotic leakage/leakage throught mechanical stitching. The mean a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) level 12 months after surgery was 6.16 ± 0.96%, corresponding to a 2.29 ± 3.3% decrease. In more than 85% of the patients taking insulin before surgery, the insulin was discontinued in the postoperative period. Additionally, the level of glycaemia was assessed in patients on the day of surgery (163 ± 58 mg/dl) and on the day of discharge from the hospital (4.7 ± 1.3 days)-it was lower by over 18% (133 ± 39.2 mg). Over the period of 12 months following OAGB, there was a reduction in the mean BMI value from 33.5 ± 2 to 25.5 ± 2.5 kg/m2 and improvement in lipid parameters and mean values of blood pressure. CONCLUSION: OAGB with excluded 150 cm of the small intestine has beneficial effect on the remission of T2DM in patients with a BMI of 30-35kg/m2 and is associated with an acceptable level of complications. The achieved weight loss after surgery is satisfactory.

Health-related quality of life outcomes following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus one anastomosis gastric bypass.

PURPOSE: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) are effective standard bariatric surgeries with comparable weight loss and remission of obesity-related comorbidities. As procedure-specific health-related quality of life (HrQoL) outcomes have not been directly compared thus far, we conducted this questionnaire-based study. METHODS: Two hundred forty patients after undergoing either RYGB or OAGB between 2011 and 2016 were contacted and asked to fill out SF36 and BAROS questionnaires. All statistical analysis was performed with Microsoft Excel and GraphPad Prism. Primary objectives were procedure-dependent differences in HrQoL. Secondary objectives were weight loss and remission of comorbidities. RESULTS: One hundred nineteen of 240 contacted patients (49.6%) replied, 58 after RYGB (48.7%) and 61 after OAGB (51.3%). Follow-up period was < 24 months in 52 and > 24 months in 64 evaluable patients. The mean age was 46 years (range 23 to 71). Regarding the < 24 months groups, both physical and psychological SF36 sum scales were comparably high. Only the subcategory "general health perception" was significantly better after RYGB. Significantly higher excess weight loss (EWL) after RYGB (88.81%) compared to OAGB (66.25%) caused significantly better global < 24 months BAROS outcomes, whereas remission of comorbidities and HrQoL was similar. Both > 24 months groups showed high SF36-HrQoL sum scales. Global mean BAROS results after > 24 months were "very good" in both procedures. EWL in RYGB (80.81%) and in OAGB (81.36%) were comparably excellent. CONCLUSION: Concerning SF36 and BAROS evaluated HrQoL in early and late postoperative phases, both procedures demonstrated comparable and relevant improvements. Further (preferably randomized) studies should include evaluation of preoperative HrQoL.