Alzheimer's Targeted Treatments: Focus on Amyloid and Inflammation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major cause of dementia that is now threatening the lives of billions of elderly people on the globe, and recent progress in the elucidation of the pathomechanism of AD is now opening venue to tackle the disease by developing and implementing "disease-modifying therapies" that directly act on the pathophysiology and slow down the progression of neurodegeneration. A recent example is the success of clinical trials of anti-amyloid b antibody drugs, whereas other therapeutic targets, e.g., inflammation and tau, are being actively investigated. In this dual perspective session, we plan to have speakers from leading pharmas in the field representing distinct investments in the AD space, which will be followed by the comment from scientific leadership of the Alzheimer's Association who will speak on behalf of all stakeholders. Neuroscientists participating in the Society for Neuroscience may be able to gain insights into the cutting edge of the therapeutic approaches to AD and neurodegenerative disorders, and discuss future contribution of neuroscience to this field.

[Amyloid ß related angitis without marked leukoencephalopathy].

An 86-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with headache and acute detarioration of consciousness. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) dominated the occipital lobe on the head MRI, revealing white matter lesions. It was accompanied by gadolinium (Gd) imaging effect in the leptomeninges and some CMBs. She was clinically diagnosed with amyloid ß-related vasculitis and a good outcome was obtained with steroid therapy. Even when symptoms re-exacerbated, exacerbation of the contrast effect of CMBs was observed, but no white matter lesions appeared, and leptomeningeal enhancement did not change remarkably throughout the entire course.