Successful biliary cannulation using the hybrid endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous technique for bile duct stenosis after endoscopic papillectomy.

Management of papillary stenosis after endoscopic papillectomy is technically challenging. Yamamoto et al. report a case of successful biliary cannulation for bile duct stenosis after endoscopic papillectomy using the "guidewire placed in the scope" technique, which is a hybrid procedure that combines the advantages of conventional endoscopic ultrasound-guided rendezvous techniques.

The presence and outcome of biliary sphincter disorders in liver-transplant recipients according to the Rome IV classification.

BACKGROUND: Biliary sphincter disorders after liver transplantation (LT) are poorly described. We aim to describe the presence and outcome of patients with papillary stenosis (PS) and functional biliary sphincter disorders (FBSDs) after LT according to the updated Rome IV criteria. METHODS: We reviewed all endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographies (ERCPs) performed in LT recipients between January 2003 and December 2019. Information on clinical and endoscopic findings was obtained from electronic health records and endoscopy databases. Laboratory and clinical findings were collected at the time of ERCP and 1 month after ERCP. RESULTS: Among the 1,307 LT recipients, 336 underwent 849 ERCPs. Thirteen (1.0%) patients met the updated Rome IV criteria for PS [former sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) type I] and 14 patients (1.0%) met the Rome IV criteria for FBSD (former SOD type II). Biliary sphincterotomy was performed in 13 PS and 10 FBSD cases. One month after sphincterotomy, bilirubin, gamma-glutamyl transferase and alkaline phosphatase levels decreased in 85%, 61%, and 92% of those in the PS group (P = 0.019, 0.087, and 0.003, respectively) and in 50%, 70%, and 80% of those in the FBSD group (P = 0.721, 0.013, and 0.093, respectively). All the 14 patients initially suspected of having a FBSD turned out to have a different diagnosis during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: PS after LT is uncommon and occurs in only 1% of LT recipients. Our data do not support the presence of an FBSD after LT. Sphincterotomy is a safe and effective procedure in LT recipients with PS.

The role of endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy for the treatment of type 1 biliary dysfunction (papillary stenosis) with or without biliary stones.

BACKGROUND: This study assesses the safety and effectiveness of endoscopic biliary sphincterotomy (ES) in the treatment of papillary stenosis (PS) with and without biliary stones. METHODS: The records of all patients who had endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (2,689 patients) from January 1, 1991, to August 1, 2010, were reviewed. There were 117 patients with PS who had ES. RESULTS: All patients had biliary pain, a dilated common bile duct (CBD) with a maximum diameter of 10 to 25 mm, and elevated liver function tests. There were 46 patients who had prior cholecystectomy of whom 20 patients had CBD stones. The remaining 71 patients had no prior biliary surgery; there were no biliary stones in 14 patients. All patients were symptom free after ES with or without CBD stone retrieval. CONCLUSIONS: ES is the optimal treatment for PS in patients with or without biliary stones. ES eliminates pain, corrects CBD dilation, and restores LFTs to normal.

Estenosis papilar benigna: nuestra experiencia / Benign papillary stenosis

Introducción: La Estenosis papilar benigna tiene diferentes etiologías. Se presenta como dolor biliar agudo o recurrente, alteración del perfil colestásico e ictericia. La colangiografía endoscópica es el gold estándar en el diagnóstico: dilatación de la vía biliar extrahepática y disminución del colédoco intrapapilar en “punta de lápiz”. La esfinterotomía endoscópica tiene una tasa de éxito de 99 a 100%. Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes desde enero 2004 a febrero 2012 con dilatación de la vía biliar, alteración de las pruebas de colestasis y dolor tipo biliar. Resultados: De 1128 colangiografías retrógradas endoscópicas, 96 casos (6.11%) fueron estenosis papilar benigna. 64 (66.7%) sexo femenino, 45 (46.9%) vesícula in situ y 19 (19.8%) colecistectomizados. Alteración del perfil colestásico en 78 (81.3%). Endoscópicamente: papila rasgada 54 (56.3%). El acceso a la vía biliar se logró en todos los casos, 80 (83.3%) con esfinterotomo de arco. Coledocolitiasis asociada 33 (34.4%). Las complicaciones fueron: pancreatitis y hemorragia leves (5.2%). Conclusiones: La incidencia de Estenosis papilar benigna fue de 6.11%. La papila rasgada nos hace inferir la etiología traumática por el paso de los cálculos e hipertrofia de los elementos musculares del Esfínter de Oddi. La esfinterotomía endoscópica es una técnica segura y efectiva para resolver la Estenosis Papilar benigna.

Introduction: Benign papillary stenosis has different etiologies. It present as acute or recurrent biliar pain, alteration in cholestatic profi le and jaundice. Endoscopic Cholangiography is the gold standard in the diagnoses: extra hepatic biliar tract dilatation and intrapapillary narrowing of common bile duct in “pen tip”. Endoscopic sphincterotomy has a success rate from 99 to 100%. Methods: We included patients from January 2004 to February 2012 with biliary tract dilatation, alteration in cholestasis profi le and biliary pain. Results: From 1128 Retrograde cholangiography endoscopic, 96 (6.11%) were benign papillary stenosis. 64 (66.7%) female, 45 (46.9%) in situ gall bladder and 19 (19.8%) cholecistectomized. Alteration in cholestasis profi le in 78 patients (81.3%). Endoscopic fi ndings: torn sphincter 54 (56.3%). Biliary tract access in all cases, 80 (83.3%) arch sphincterotomo. Association with choledocholithiasis 33 (34.4%). The complications were mild pancreatitis and hemorrhage (5.2%). Conclusions: Benign papillary stenosis incidence was 6.11%. Torn sphincter makes us suppose a traumatic etiology by the passage of the stones and hypertrophy of the muscle elements in sphincter of Oddi. Endoscopic sphincterotomy is a safe and effective technique to resolve the benign papillary stenosis.