RESUMEN
Diabetic heart disease (DHD) is a serious complication in patients with diabetes. Despite numerous studies on the pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets of DHD, effective means of prevention and treatment are still lacking. The pathogenic mechanisms of DHD include cardiac inflammation, insulin resistance, myocardial fibrosis, and oxidative stress. Macrophages, the primary cells of the human innate immune system, contribute significantly to these pathological processes, playing an important role in human disease and health. Therefore, drugs targeting macrophages hold great promise for the treatment of DHD. In this review, we examine how macrophages contribute to the development of DHD and which drugs could potentially be used to target macrophages in the treatment of DHD.
Asunto(s)
Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas , Macrófagos , Estrés Oxidativo , Transducción de Señal , Humanos , Macrófagos/efectos de los fármacos , Macrófagos/inmunología , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas/inmunología , Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Cardiomiopatías Diabéticas/etiología , Animales , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Fibrosis , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Miocardio/patología , Miocardio/metabolismo , Miocardio/inmunología , Resistencia a la Insulina , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Terapia Molecular DirigidaRESUMEN
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the critical role played by macrophages and their underlying mechanisms in the progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). It begins by discussing the origins and diverse subtypes of macrophages, elucidating their spatial distribution and modes of intercellular communication, thereby emphasizing their significance in the pathogenesis of DCM. The review then delves into the intricate relationship between macrophages and the onset of DCM, particularly focusing on the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms employed by macrophages in the context of DCM condition. Additionally, the review discusses various therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting macrophages to manage DCM. It specifically highlights the potential of natural food components in alleviating diabetic microvascular complications and examines the modulatory effects of existing hypoglycemic drugs on macrophage activity. These findings, summarized in this review, not only provide fresh insights into the role of macrophages in diabetic microvascular complications but also offer valuable guidance for future therapeutic research and interventions in this field.