RESUMEN
Dynamic palmitoylation is an important post-translational modification regulating protein localization, trafficking, and signaling activities. The Asp-His-His-Cys (DHHC) domain containing enzymes are evolutionarily conserved palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs) mediating diverse protein S-palmitoylation. Cerulenin is a natural product inhibitor of fatty acid biosynthesis and protein palmitoylation, through irreversible alkylation of the cysteine residues in the enzymes. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of a "clickable" and long alkyl chain analogue of cerulenin as a chemical probe to investigate its cellular targets and to label and profile PATs in vitro and in live cells. Our results showed that the probe could stably label the DHHC-family PATs and enable mass spectrometry studies of PATs and other target proteins in the cellular proteome. Such probe provides a new chemical tool to dissect the functions of palmitoylating enzymes in cell signaling and diseases and reveals new cellular targets of the natural product cerulenin.
Asunto(s)
Cerulenina , Lipoilación , Sondas Moleculares , Procesamiento Proteico-Postraduccional , Proteínas/metabolismo , 1-Acilglicerofosfocolina O-Aciltransferasa/química , 1-Acilglicerofosfocolina O-Aciltransferasa/metabolismo , Aciltransferasas/química , Aciltransferasas/metabolismo , Animales , Cerulenina/análogos & derivados , Cerulenina/síntesis química , Química Clic , Humanos , Sondas Moleculares/síntesis química , Sondas Moleculares/química , Proteínas/química , Tioléster Hidrolasas/química , Tioléster Hidrolasas/metabolismoRESUMEN
2,3-Epoxy-4-hydroxy-4-((E,E)-3,6-octadienyl)cyclopentanone (dl-carbacerulenin 5) was synthesized via the epoxyketones 15a and 15b as a mimic of the active form of the antibiotics cerulenin 1, a potent inhibitor of fatty acid synthetase (FAS). The monobenzyl ethers (12 and 13), synthetic intermediates of 15, were prepared by direct benzylation of the epoxycyclopentene (7). Inhibitory activity of synthesized 5 toward yeast FAS was less than that of cerulenin by a factor of 1000.