Therapeutic Patient Education: A Multifaceted Approach to Ostomy Care.

This contribution presents a literature review of therapeutic patient education and a summary of an oral presentation given by two wound care specialists at a recent European Congress. It relates these to models of care in nursing science and other research that contributes to this approach at the core of healthcare practice.

Practice Implications from the WCET® International Ostomy Guideline 2020.

GENERAL PURPOSE: To introduce the 15 recommendations of the International Ostomy Guideline (IOG) 2020, covering the four key arenas of education, holistic aspects, and pre- and postoperative care; and to summarize key concepts for clinicians to customize for translation into their practice. TARGET AUDIENCE: This continuing education activity is intended for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurses with an interest in skin and wound care. LEARNING OBJECTIVES/OUTCOMES: After participating in this educational activity, the participant will:1. Analyze supporting evidence for the education recommendations in the IOG 2020.2. Identify a benefit of the International Charter of Ostomate Rights.3. Distinguish concepts related to pre- and postoperative ostomy-related care.4. Select a potential barrier to IOG 2020 guideline implementation.

The second edition of the WCET ® International Ostomy Guideline (IOG) was launched in December 2020 as an update to the original guideline published in 2014. The purpose of this article is to introduce the 15 recommendations covering four key arenas (education, holistic aspects, and pre- and postoperative care) and summarize key concepts for clinicians to customize for translation into their practice. The article also includes information about the impact of the novel coronavirus 2019 on ostomy care.

Cancer survivors' challenges with ostomy appliances and self-management: a qualitative analysis.

PURPOSE: An ostomy poses significant health-related quality of life (HRQOL) issues for cancer survivors. Survivors must learn to manage pouching appliances and adjust to the psychosocial consequences of living with an ostomy. We explored, through qualitative analysis, the challenges with self-management and ostomy appliances reported by cancer survivors. METHODS: Pooled data from two studies with a question on the greatest challenge of living with an ostomy and intervention session notes were analyzed using content analysis approach. The themes were reviewed and agreed upon by the research team, and counts were tallied for each theme based on the number of times they were mentioned by participants. RESULTS: Of the 928 greatest challenge responses and session notes, a total of 106 mentions (11%) were focused on ostomy appliances, associated repercussions, and time taken for ostomy care. Eight themes emerged: bleeding, pain, leakage, skin problems/irritation/rash, wafer-related issues, materials getting under the wafer, time to care for ostomy, and solutions to clean the stoma. Challenges described included poor wafer adherence, allergic reactions to adhesives, and pain around the stoma site. These challenges resulted in anxiety related to leakage, odor, and/or skin irritation, which negatively impacted on participation in social activities and self-confidence with ostomy care. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer survivors living with an ostomy experience multiple obstacles with ostomy appliances and caring for their ostomy. Continued innovation in ostomy appliance design and technology is needed to help cancer survivors with successfully managing ostomy care.

Effects of transtheoretical model-based intervention on the self-management of patients with an ostomy: A randomised controlled trial.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of a transtheoretical model (TTM)-based intervention on patients with an ostomy and provide patient-centred, accessible assistance and dynamic education to improve patient self-management. BACKGROUND: Proper self-management may promote the rehabilitation of patients with an ostomy. TTM-based interventions have resulted in positive health behavioural changes. DESIGN: Randomised controlled trial performed according to the CONSORT guidelines. SUBJECT AND SETTING: The sample comprised 55 men and 37 women (24-77 years old, mean ± SD = 52.8 ± 11.13 years). The study settings included three tertiary hospitals in Changsha, Hunan, China. METHODS: The 92 patients, recruited from August 2012 to March 2013, were randomised into a control group and an intervention group. Randomisation was done by using a block randomisation list with a block size of 4. Self-management behaviours were assessed at the baseline, 2 days before discharge and after 1, 3 and 6 months of follow-up. The chi-squared test, independent sample t test and repeated measures analysis of variance were used to analyse the data. RESULTS: Patients in the intervention group were more likely to be at the action and maintenance stages compared with those in the control group. We also observed significant improvements in the self-management ability in the process of change, the decisional balance and self-efficacy in the intervention group compared with those in the control group after four intervention sessions and up to 6 months of follow-up. No serious intervention-related adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The TTM-based intervention had positive effects on self-management behaviours of patients with an ostomy. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The TTM-based intervention had positive effects on self-management behaviours of patients with an ostomy and may provide a reference for health providers to develop behaviour promotion programmes to improve the self-management of patients with an ostomy.

The effect of an interactive follow-up program on ostomy adjustment of inpatients after their discharge from surgical wards of the hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

PURPOSE: Ostomy patients suffer from many physical and mental problems, which can be solved to a large extent with the help of education and follow-up programs. These follow-ups can be done in person or on the telephone by the nurses, or even, by sending a text message that is an easier way for the patients to adapt to their condition. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an interactive follow-up program on the adjustment of ostomy inpatients after being discharged. METHODS: This study is a clinical trial, conducted on 64 ostomy patients who were discharged from the surgical wards of the hospital affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Subjects in the experimental group participated in a 6-week follow-up program via text message. The information about the patients were collected by Olbrisch Ostomy Adjustment Scale. RESULTS: The obtained results have suggested that 34.4% of the patients in the experimental group and 28.1% of the patients in the control group were female. Before the intervention, comparing the mean score of ostomy adjustment and its dimensions in the two groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). However, a significant difference was observed between the two groups immediately after the intervention (P < 0.05) and 1 month after the intervention, except for dimension of negative acceptance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggested that using SMS can be considered as a proper tool or method for following up the ostomy patients.

Relative Tranquility in Ostomy Patients' Social Life: A Qualitative Content Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Ostomy significantly alters one's elimination pattern and can affect the individual in physiological, psychosocial and spiritual aspects. Over time, the ostomy patient's experience changes and they develop coping strategies to handle the new reality. The aims of this study sought Iranian ostomy patients' main problem, how they deal and the outcome of their efforts to manage that problem in their daily lives. METHOD: A qualitative content analysis was conducted involving twenty-seven ostomy patients that were chosen by purposeful sampling and referred to the Iranian Ostomy Association from October 2015 to June 2016. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 55 years, 15 were males, the major cause of ostomy was colorectal cancer and the colostomy was the most common type of ostomy, and nineteen of them between one and twenty years lived with an ostomy. Most of them were married, had bachelor degree and received adjuvant therapy, and few were employed. Guarantee indecisive to maintain a stable life with an ostomy and the possibility of ostomy disclosure unpredictability show relative tranquility in patients' social life. CONCLUSION: Because of the ostomy nature, there is not the possibility of full control over life with an ostomy and this issue is causing concerns in their family and social life.

Executive Summary: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: Best Practice Guideline for Care of Patients With a Fecal Diversion.

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a multimodal program developed to decrease postoperative complications, improve patient safety and satisfaction, and promote early discharge. In the province of Ontario, Canada, a standardized approach to the care of adult patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery (including benign and malignant diseases) was adopted by 15 hospitals in March 2013. All colorectal surgery patients with or without an ostomy were included in the ERAS program targeting a length of stay of 3 days for colon surgery and 4 days for rectal surgery. To ensure the individual needs of patients requiring an ostomy in an ERAS program were being met, a Provincial ERAS Enterostomal Therapy Nurse Network was established. Our goal was to develop and implement an evidence-based, ostomy-specific best practice guideline addressing the preoperative, postoperative, and discharge phases of care. The guideline was developed over a 3-year period. It is based on existing literature, guidelines, and expert opinion. This article serves as an executive summary for this clinical resource; the full guideline is available as Supplemental Digital Content 1 (available at: http://links.lww.com/JWOCN/A36) to this executive summary.

Spiritual well-being in long-term colorectal cancer survivors with ostomies.

OBJECTIVE: Spiritual well-being (SpWB) is integral to health-related quality of life. The challenges of colorectal cancer (CRC) and subsequent bodily changes can affect SpWB. We analyzed the SpWB of CRC survivors with ostomies. METHODS: Two-hundred-eighty-three long-term (≥ 5 years) CRC survivors with permanent ostomies completed the modified City of Hope Quality of Life-Ostomy (mCOH-QOL-O) questionnaire. An open-ended question elicited respondents' greatest challenge in living with an ostomy. We used content analysis to identify SpWB responses and develop themes. We analyzed responses on the three-item SpWB sub-scale. RESULTS: Open-ended responses from 52% of participants contained SpWB content. Fifteen unique SpWB themes were identified. Sixty percent of individuals expressed positive themes such as "positive attitude", "I am fortunate", "appreciate life more", and "strength through religious faith". Negative themes, expressed by only 29% of respondents, included "struggling to cope", "not feeling 'normal' ", and "loss". Fifty-five percent of respondents expressed ambivalent themes including "learning acceptance", "an ostomy is the price for survival", "reason to be around despite suffering", and "continuing to cope despite challenges". The majority (64%) had a high SpWB sub-scale score. CONCLUSIONS: Although CRC survivors with ostomies infrequently mentioned negative SpWB themes as a major challenge, ambivalent themes were common. SpWB themes were often mentioned as a source of resilience or part of the struggle to adapt to an altered body after cancer surgery. Interventions to improve the quality of life of cancer survivors should contain program elements designed to address SpWB that support personal meaning, inner peace, inter connectedness, and belonging.

Rehabilitation needs following stoma formation: a patient survey.

This article reports the findings from a patient survey which examined rehabilitation needs following stoma formation at an acute NHS trust within Greater London. Of the 203 questionnaires sent, 100 were returned (49% response rate). Two-thirds of the sample (71%) reported experiencing stoma-related complications, and a third of the sample (33%) experienced difficulties receiving their stoma prescriptions on time. Information and support requirements were reported to be most acute during the first six weeks following discharge. Additionally, return to work was a major transition for those of working age, testing their physical health and social confidence. Accessible specialist support is essential during the first few weeks of this rehabilitation process and much perceived benefit is gained from continued nursing support in the community.

Enhanced recovery after surgery: benefits for the stoma care patient.

Enhanced recovery can be seen as the use of evidence and research that when used for patients undergoing stoma-forming surgery (and other surgery) leads to a better recovery (Lassen et al, 2009; Ahmed et al, 2010). Moving patients towards adopting an opinion that 'up and mobile' immediately after surgery is the pathway to success, and is an essential element in implementing enhanced recovery after surgery. It can lead to several clinical benefits, including fewer complications (e.g. infection) and a shorter length of time in hospital (Faiz et al, 2008). While having a shorter length of stay is positive, it does result in less time being available to the ostomate (person with a stoma) to become proficient with their stoma care. Changes need to be made to nursing services to encompass this new challenge; for example, the use of preoperative training tools. These changes can result in satisfied ostomates (Bryan and Dukes, 2010) who have fewer post-discharge problems with their stoma. This article outlines the concept of enhanced recovery after surgery and its benefits for patients with a stoma.

Figuring out sex in a reconfigured body: experiences of female colorectal cancer survivors with ostomies.

Colorectal cancer survivors with ostomies can face complex concerns regarding sexuality. We used an anthropological perspective to examine the experiences of 30 female colorectal cancer survivors with ostomies to shed light on the sexual challenges and adaptations made in the wake of cancer surgery and treatment. Participants fell into four categories with regard to their sexual experience post surgery; however, not all women found their altered sexuality to be particularly problematic. This type of phenomenological examination can inform a more patient-centered, less biomedically focused paradigm for assessing and improving the sexual health of cancer survivors.

The greatest challenges reported by long-term colorectal cancer survivors with stomas.

This paper presents a qualitative analysis of the greatest challenges reported by long-term colorectal cancer survivors with ostomies. Surveys that included an open-ended question about challenges of living with an ostomy were administered at three Kaiser Permanente regions: Northern California, Northwest, and Hawaii. The study was coordinated at the Southern Arizona Veterans Affairs Health Care System in Tucson. The City of Hope Quality of Life Model for Ostomy Patients provided a framework for the study's design, measures, data collection, and data analysis. The study's findings may be generalized broadly to community settings across the United States. Results replicate those of previous research among veterans, California members of the United Ostomy Association, Koreans with ostomies, and colorectal cancer survivors with ostomies residing in the United Kingdom. The greatest challenges reported by 178 colorectal cancer survivors with ostomies confirmed the Institute of Medicine's findings that survivorship is a distinct, chronic phase of cancer care and that cancer's effects are broad and pervasive. The challenges reported by study participants should inform the design, testing and integration of targeted education, early interventions, and ongoing support services for colorectal cancer patients with ostomies.

Ostomy Care at Home.

: This article is part of a series, Supporting Family Caregivers: No Longer Home Alone, published in collaboration with the AARP Public Policy Institute. Results of focus groups, conducted as part of the AARP Public Policy Institute's No Longer Home Alone video project, supported evidence that family caregivers aren't given the information they need to manage the complex care regimens of family members. This series of articles and accompanying videos aims to help nurses provide caregivers with the tools they need to manage their family member's health care at home.The articles in this new installment of the series provide simple and useful instructions that nurses should reinforce with family caregivers who perform wound care tasks. Each article also includes an informational tear sheet-Information for Family Caregivers-that contains links to instructional videos. To use this series, nurses should read the article first, so they understand how best to help family caregivers, and then encourage caregivers to watch the videos and ask questions. For additional information, see Resources for Nurses.

Avaliação do perfil e da qualidade de vida de pessoas idosas com estomias de eliminação / Assessment of profile and quality of life of elderly people with elimination ostomies / Avaluación del perfil y calidad de vida de las personas mayores con estomas de eliminación

Objetivo:Avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e a qualidade de vida das pessoas idosas com estomias de eliminação de uma microrregião de saúde de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em um serviço público de atenção à saúde. Para descrição do perfil foram avaliados todos os prontuários de pessoas idosas com estomias. Em seguida, foi avaliada a qualidade de vida por meio do questionário City of Hope-Quality of Life-Ostomy Questionnaire. Resultados: Verificou-se uma população majoritariamente feminina (55,2%) com idade média de 67 anos (± 8,8). As estomias eram em 64% definitivas, tendo o câncer colorretal o principal diagnóstico (71%) e em 41,4% apresentavam dependência parcial para o autocuidado. Com relação à avaliação da qualidade de vida, os domínios bem-estar espiritual, físico e social apresentaram melhores indicadores de avaliação (8,1; 8,1; e 8,2 respectivamente). Evidenciou-se que o tipo de estomia e o tempo de permanência se associam negativamente com a qualidade de vida das pessoas com estomias. Conclusão: A qualidade de vida de idosos com estomia de eliminação mostrou-se bem avaliada, principalmente nos domínios bem-estar físico, social e espiritual.

Objective:The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiological profile and quality of life of elderly people with elimination ostomy in a health region in Minas Gerais. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in a public health care service. To describe the profile, all medical records of elderly people with ostomy were evaluated. Then, quality of life was assessed using the City of Hope-Quality of Life-Ostomy Questionnaire. Results:There was a mostly female population (55.2%) with a mean age of 67 years (± 8.8). In 64%, the ostomies were definitive, with colorectal cancer being the main diagnosis (71%) and in 41.4% they were partially dependent on self-care. Regarding the assessment of quality of life, the domains of spiritual, physical and social well-being had better assessment indicators (8.1; 8.1; and 8.2 respectively). It was evident that the type of ostomy and the length of stay are negatively associated with the quality of life of people with ostomies. Conclusion: The quality of life of elderly people with an elimination ostomy was well evaluated, especially in the domains of physical, social and spiritual well-being.

Objetivo:El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluación del perfil epidemiológico y la calidad de vida de los ancianos con ostomía en una región sanitaria de Minas Gerais. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado en un servicio público de salud. Para describir el perfil se evaluaron todas las historias clínicas de ancianos con ostomía. Luego, la calidad de vida se evaluó mediante el Cuestionario City of Hope-Quality of Life-Ostomy. Resultados: Se encontró una población mayoritariamente femenina (55,2%) con una edad media de 67 años (± 8,8). En el 64% las ostomías fueron definitivas, siendo el cáncer colorrectal el diagnóstico principal (71%) y en el 41,4% fueron parcialmente dependientes del autocuidado. En cuanto a la evaluación de la calidad de vida, los dominios de bienestar espiritual, físico y social presentó mejores indicadores de evaluación (8.1; 8.1; y 8.2 respectivamente). Se evidenció que el tipo de ostomía y la duración de la estancia se asocian negativamente con la calidad de vida de las personas con ostomías. Conclusión: La calidad de vida de los ancianos con ostomía de eliminación fue bien evaluada, especialmente en los dominios de bienestar físico, social y espiritual.