[The isolation and purification of porcine interferon-gamma]. / Poluchenie i ochistka svinogo gamma-interferona.

Porcine immune interferon (IF-gamma) was generated by stimulation with bacterial lectins. Physicochemical analysis showed porcine IF-gamma to be a glycoprotein with an isoelectric point around 8.4-8.8 and an apparent molecular weight of 28000 to 30000. A purification process used in this work included sequential steps of precipitation with ammonium sulphate and chromatographic separation on GPG-glass, con A-Sepharose and biogel P-100. This purification process gave a preparation of IF-gamma with specific activity of around 7 x 10(4) units per mg of protein.

[Basic criteria for evaluating the clinical variants of aggressive behavior disorders in epileptics]. / Osnovnye kriterii otsenki klinicheskikh variantov agressivnykh rasstroistv povedeniia u bol'nykh épilepsiei.

On the basis of the case histories of patients suffering from epilepsy with aggressive manifestations and an analysis of reported data the authors describe a syndrome of aggressive behavioural disturbances (ABD) in epileptics and the basic criteria for evaluating the numerous clinical variants of this syndrome which may be divided into the following groups: (1) criteria for assessing the degree of severity of the ABD clinical course; (2) criteria for assessing the function of patients with ABD; (3) criteria for assessing the relationship between ABD and other clinical manifestations of epilepsy. The use of these criteria makes it possible to (a) ascertain the topical-diagnostic importance of individual variants of ABD; (b) specify differential indications for surgical intervention; (c) carry out a comparative evaluation of the results of conservative and surgical treatment of epilepsy aimed at correcting ABD.

[Gamma-interferon and the antibacterial activity of mouse macrophages in a Salmonella infection]. / Gamma-interferon i antibakterial'naia aktivnost' makrofagov myshei pri sal'monelleznoi infektsii.

The influence of natural and recombinant mouse gamma-interferon (gamma-IF) on Salmonella typhimurium was experimentally studied. The preparations of gamma-IF were introduced into animals in a dose of 250 units per mouse according to different schedules before and after Salmonella inoculation. In these experiments the capacity of the animals for survival, the elimination of the infective agent from the body and the functional activity of peritoneal exudate macrophages were studied. Natural and recombinant gamma-IF was found to stimulate the ingestion activity and oxidizing metabolism of macrophages of the infected animals. At the same time the preparations of gamma-IF were not capable of enhancing the intracellular killing of salmonellae and tumor cells. Recombinant gamma-IF did not prevent the lethal outcome of S. typhimurium infection in mice and did not increase the elimination of the infective agent from the body. Natural gamma-IF, when introduced into mice in a dose of 250 units per mouse on days 1, 3 and 6 after Salmonella inoculation, ensured the survival rate of more than 80% of the animals, but did not essentially influence the dynamics of the elimination of the infective agent from the host body.

[Antibacterial effects of gamma-interferon in experimental Klebsiella infection]. / Antibakterial'nye éffekty Gamma-interferona pri éksperimental'noi klebsielleznoi infektsii.

The results of the experimental study on the effect of the natural and recombinant gamma-interferons (gamma-IFs) of mice on the process of the infection caused by Klebsiella sp. are presented. The infection was reproduced by intraperitoneal contamination of mice with a virulent culture of Klebsiella pneumoniae 5055, line SHK. The gamma-IFs were administered to the animals in a dose of 250 units per mouse on days 1 and 3 after the contamination. Survival of the animals, clearance of the pathogen from the blood and liver and functional activity of the phagocytes in the contaminated mice were investigated. It was shown that both the natural and recombinant gamma-IF stimulated the phagocytic activity and oxidative metabolism of the phagocytes in the contaminated mice. Activation of these functions after the use of the natural gamma-IF correlated with its marked protective effect and accelerated elimination of the pathogen from the host which was not observed after the use of the recombinant gamma-IF.

[The antibacterial effects of homologous interferons in an experimental staphylococcal infection]. / Antibakterial'nye éffekty gomologichnykh interferonov pri éksperimental'noi stafilokokkovoi infektsii.

Homologous interferons (IF) of the 1st and 2nd types are studied for their effect on the course of experimental staphylococcal infection. A model of intracutaneous infection of animals is used. Survival of mice, dynamics of the agent elimination from the organism, functional activity of phagocytes in dynamics of the infectious process during IF administration are studied. Only preparations of natural IF are found to possess a protective effect. The recombinant gamma-IF does not prevents from the mouse death and exerts no effect on the dynamics of elimination of agents from the organism.

[The effect of hydrodynamic conditions on the interferon-synthesizing activity of swine splenocytes in the production of alpha-interferon]. / Vliianie gidrodinamicheskikh uslovii na interferonsinteziruiushchuiu aktivnost' splenotsitov svinei pri poluchenii al'fa-interferona.

Parameters of physical constituents of the agitation process and mass-exchange characteristics of the suggested bioreactor for suspension cultivation of pig splenocytes are determined. The effect of hydrodynamic conditions on viability and interferon-synthesizing activity of cells in production of alpha-interferon of pigs has been studied. The relation existing between interferonogenesis processes proceeding under suspension and under stationary biosynthesis has been analyzed by the pair correlation method.

[Interferon activation of the production of a factor increasing the bactericidal properties of mouse macrophages]. / Aktivatsiia interferonom vyrabotki faktora, povyshaiushchego bakteritsidnost' makrofagov myshei.

It has been established that the administration of homologous interferon to mice activates the production by splenocytes of a factor increasing the bactericidal properties of macrophages in the peritoneal exudate. The activation effect was dose-dependent. The maximum production was noted on day 3 after the injection of interferon, type I, or its inducers. Cell-producers of the factor are mainly lymphocytes.

[Effects of alpha-interferon on the level of adenosine metabolism enzymes and bactericidal activity of macrophages in staphylococcal infection]. / Vliianie alfa-interferona na uroven' fermentov obmena adenozina i bakteritsidnuiu aktivnost' makrofagov pri stafilokokkovoi infektsii.

In staphylococcal infection the changes in functional ability of macrophages occur: their oxygen-depending bactericidity and adenosine-desaminase activity are depressed 5-nucleotidase ability increases. Introduction of homologous alpha-IFN in the dose of 1 x 10(3) u/mouse leads to enhancing macrophage bactericidity of the animals infected, inhibits their 5-nucleotidase activity and enhances adenosine desaminase one. Influence of alpha-IFN on the activity of adenosine metabolism enzymes in macrophages can be considered one of the most important mechanisms of its modulating effect in bacterial infections.

[The lymphokine-mediated activation of effector cells in the natural resistance system induced by gamma-interferon]. / Limfokin-oposredovannaia aktivatsiia kletok-éffektorov sistemy estestvennoi rezistentnosti, indutsirovannaia gamma-interferonom.

Some mechanisms of biologic action of gamma-interferon (INF) agents have been studied in mice systems in vivo. The obtained results testify to the possibility of existence of inductor mechanisms for activation of the effector cells of immunobiologic surveillance. It is supposed that gamma-INF is a binding chain of the natural host resistance.