Clinical, Pathological, and Immunohistochemical Predictors of Cause-Specific Mortality in Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Multivariate Analysis.

The association of clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of papillary thyroid cancer with cause-specific mortality was analyzed in a case-control study within a cohort of patients from the Altai Regional Oncology Center. According to multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of fatal outcome within 10 years after surgery in patients living in Altai region are nuclear pattern of Hsp70 expression, thyroid capsular invasion, Ki-67 expression index >7%, and patient's age >45 years for men and >50 years for women. The prognostic model based on these features contributes to a significant improvement in the individual prognostic performance for papillary thyroid cancer in the modeling sample. The model has high statistical significance (χ2=64.73; p<0.001) and discriminative power (AUC=0.950, prediction accuracy 88.5%).

Analysis of the Morphology of Monocytes and Lymphocytes from COVID-19 Patients Using Low-Voltage Scanning Electronic Microscopy.

Severe course of COVID-19 is largely determined by hyperactivation of the immune system, or cytokine storm, in which immune cells (lymphocytes, monocytes, etc.) play a major role. Using low-voltage scanning electron microscopy, we studied the morphology of lymphocytes and monocytes during cytokine storm. Monocytes and lymphocytes were isolated by fluorescence sorting from the blood of healthy volunteers (n=6) and patients with COVID-19 (n=5) during cytokine storm (IL-6>23 ng/ml, smear positive for SARS-CoV-2). For each patient, 11-32 individual cells were analyzed at magnification of 18-32,000 times. Measurements showed that monocyte size was increased during cytokine storm (p=0.0001).

[Lyudmila Antoninovna Shangina as the scientist and pedagogue].

The article is devoted to scientific biography of the prominent neuroanatomist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor L. A. Shangina, representative of the scientific school of Tonkov-Bushmakin. Her input into becoming of the chairs of normal anatomy of medical institutes in Irkutsk, Moscow, Kursk, Dushanbe (Tajikistan) and Smolensk and in organization of scientific community of neuromorphologists in the USSR in the middle and second half of the twentieth century is demonstrated. The special attention is paid to the results of scientific studies of L. A. Shangina and her post-graduate students of topography of nerves innervating human heart, of topography of accessory nerve (XI pair of cranial nerves), of structure of receptors of autonomic nervous system in walls of alimentary tract and urinary system.

Mass-selective instability and resonance ejection modes for DIT with rectangular asymmetric wave shape.

We consider the operation of a digital linear ion trap with resonance radial ejection and mass selective instability modes. Periodic wave shape has a positive part with amplitude V+=V0 and duration 0.8T and negative part with amplitude V-=-4V0 and duration 0.2T, where T is the period. The mapping of the stability diagram, calculations of the well's depth and ion oscillations spectra are presented. The process of resonant excitation of ion oscillations by a dipole sinusoidal signal is studied, as well as ion ejection at the stability boundary. The trajectory method is used for this purpose. It is shown that the mass selectivity of dipole excitation is twice as large for rectangular wave shape compared to sinusoidal wave shape. Increasing the diameter of the round rods of the linear trap gives an increase in the resolving power. The possibility of DIT operation in mass-selective instability mode at the boundary point qb=0.39 is discussed.

Modeling of a linear ion trap with driving rectangular waveforms.

We consider the operation of a digital linear ion trap with resonant radial ejection. A sequence of rectangular voltage pulses with a dipole resonance signal is applied to the trap electrodes. The periodic waveform is piecewise constant, has zero mean, and is determined by an asymmetry parameter d $$ d $$ : one value is taken on interval 0 dT $$ \left(0, dT\right) $$ and another on dT T $$ \left( dT,T\right) $$ , where T $$ T $$ is the RF period. Ion mass scanning is performed by varying the asymmetry parameter d $$ d $$ and amplitude of the negative pulse part with time. The ion oscillation frequencies and acceptance of the linear trap are calculated. The dependence of the ion mass to charge ratio m / z $$ m/z $$ on the parameter d $$ d $$ is m / z ~ d 2 $$ m/z\sim {d}^2 $$ . The maximum value is about m / z = 30 $$ m/z=30 $$  kDa for typical parameters of the linear trap: frequency 0.5 MHz, rod radius 4 mm, and negative pulse amplitude 1 kV. The dipolar excitation frequency is 0.125 MHz at which the LIT acceptance is maximal.

[Enzyme immunoassay system for serological diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome based on inactivated purified Puumala virus (Hantaviridae: Orthohantavirus)].

INTRODUCTION: Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is the most common zoonotic human viral disease in the Russian Federation. More than 98% of the HFRS cases are caused by Puumala orthohantavirus (PUU). Effective serological tests are required for laboratory diagnosis of HFRS. OBJECTIVE: Construction of an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) test system for detection of specific antibodies using standard antigen in the form of highly purified inactivated PUU virus as immunosorbent. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Preparation of PUU virus antigen, designing the ELISA for detection of specific antibodies, developing parameters of the ELISA system, parallel titration of HFRS patients sera by fluorescent antibody technique (FAT) and the new ELISA. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: For the first time, ELISA based on purified inactivated PUU virus as standard antigen directly absorbed onto immunoplate was developed. Parallel titration of 50 samples from HFRS patients blood sera using FAT and the developed ELISA showed high sensitivity and specificity of this ELISA, with 100% concordance of testing results and significant level of correlation between the titers of specific antibodies in the two assays. CONCLUSION: The ELISA based on purified inactivated PUU virus as an immunosorbent can be effectively used for HFRS serological diagnosis and for mass seroepidemiological studies.

The adjuvant effect of polymuramil, a NOD1 and NOD2 agonist, differs when immunizing mice of different inbred lines with nonstructural hepatitis C virus (Flaviviridae: Hepacivirus)proteins and is synergistically enhanced in combination with pyrogenalum, a TLR4 agonist.

INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis C is a liver disease with high chronicity, the cause of cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. The main obstacle to controlling hepatitis C is the lack of vaccines. The aim of the work was to compare the immunogenic activity of nonstructural recombinant proteins NS3, NS4 and NS5B of hepatitis C virus (HCV) as components of a subunit candidate vaccine and to analyze the adjuvant properties of two available commercial drugs, polymuramil and pyrogenalum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: BALB/c, DBA/2J and C57BL/6 mice were immunized with nonstructural proteins without adjuvants or with polymuramyl (NOD1 and NOD2 agonist) and pyrogenalum (TLR-4 agonist). The activity of antibodies was determined in ELISA, the cellular response - by antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and by production of IFN-γ in vitro. RESULTS: Recombinant proteins showed different immunogenicity. NS4 induced antibodies more efficiently than NS3 and NS5B. Significant differences were found in the immune response of three inbred lines mice: the level of IFN-γ in BALB/c and DBA/2J mice induced by NS5B protein was 30 times higher than in C57Bl/6 mice. In contrast, the induction of antibodies in BALB/c mice was lower than in C57Bl/6 and DBA/2J. Polymuramil did not increase the humoral response to NS5B and enhanced the cellular response only in C57BL/6 mice. The combined use of polymuramil with pyrogenalum significantly increased both the humoral and cellular response of mice to all recombinant HCV proteins. CONCLUSION: Different immunogenic properties and different functions of recombinant non-structural HCV proteins indicate the feasibility of their combined inclusion in subunit vaccines. It was established for the first time that immunization with HCV proteins with a complex adjuvant (polymuramyl + pyrogenalum) has a synergistic effect, significantly exceeding the effect of each of them separately.

Perfil asistencial del paciente con osteoporosis tributario de visita de telemedicina en la era post-COVID-19 / Care profile of susceptible patients with osteoporosis by telemedicine visits in the post-COVID-19 era

Definir el perfil del paciente con osteoporosis candidato y no candidato a la asistencia en la teleconsulta de osteoporosis, en la era post-COVID-19. Propuesta de un protocolo de manejo para su seguimiento ambulatorio. Métodos: Hemos realizado una revisión bibliográfica mediante una búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos de Pubmed.gov de la evidencia disponible de artículos en inglés y español con fecha de inclusión hasta octubre del 2020 siguiendo las recomendaciones del sistema GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Base de datos cuyo objetivo es la localización y recuperación de información relevante para esta revisión de forma actualizada. Resultados: El perfil del paciente candidato a teleconsulta sería aquel paciente con historia de osteoporosis, que conoce su enfermedad, con tratamiento y que precisa de seguimiento. La COVID-19 se ha dado en un contexto en el que las principales causas de mortalidad son las enfermedades crónicas y la necesidad de protegerse frente a la transmisión. Conclusiones: Proponemos un consenso del manejo de dicho paciente, con apartados diferenciados para las distintas etapas del proceso asistencial telemático, que ayude a la toma de decisiones clínicas y que sirva de ayuda en el proceso de seguimiento y adherencia terapéutica, y, por tanto, en la optimización de recursos asistenciales. (AU)

Objetive: Define the profile of the candidate and non-candidate osteoporosis patient for assistance in osteoporosis teleconsultation, in the post-COVID-19 era. Proposal of a management protocol for outpatient follow-up. Methods: We have carried out a bibliographic review through a systematic search in the Pubmed.gov databases of the available evidence of articles in English and Spanish with an inclusion date until October 2020, following the recommendations of the GRADE system (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Database is aimed at locating and accessing relevant information for this review in an updated way. Results: The profile of the patient candidate for teleconsultation would be of those who present a history of osteoporosis, previously diagnosed, with treatment and requiring follow-up. COVID-19 has occurred in a context in which the main causes of mortality are chronic diseases and the need to protect against transmission. Conclusions: We propose a consensus for managing this patient, with differentiated sections for the different stages of the telematic care process. This will help in clinical decision-making and also in the process of follow-up and therapeutic adherence and, therefore, in optimal use of healthcare resources. (AU)