The VF-14 index of visual function in recipients of a corneal graft: a 2-year follow-up study.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess visual functioning and other health-related quality of life outcomes after corneal grafting. DESIGN: A cohort study of corneal graft recipients observed for a minimum of 2 years after transplantation. METHODS: Repeated measurements were obtained by telephone interviews preoperatively and later at 1 and 2 years post-corneal transplantation in 217 patients with the following questionnaires visual function index (VF-14), visual symptom score and global measures of trouble with vision, dissatisfaction with vision, ocular pain, and discomfort. Demographic, past ocular history, repeated best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and detailed eye examination data were also collected. RESULTS: Grafted eyes gained a mean of more than four lines of vision on the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) chart 1 year after transplantation. The mean visual function index (VF-14) score improved from 68% +/- 26% preoperatively to 81% +/- 21% at 1 year. Average visual acuity (VA) and VF-14 values were unchanged at 2 years. The activities of daily living that showed the largest and most significant improvement were reading small print, driving in daytime, and watching television. A number of subjects (9%) presented with a maximum VF-14 score preoperatively, leaving no room for improvement with this outcome index. The VF-14 was especially responsive for corneal graft candidates with low levels of vision before surgery. Blurry vision, pain and discomfort scores, and the global measures of trouble and dissatisfaction with vision also improved after corneal grafting. CONCLUSION: The VF-14 index of functional visual impairment is a responsive and useful outcome index in recipients of a corneal graft.