[The effect of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in children with severe motor and intellectual disabilities with respiratory insufficiency].

ABSTRACT

We investigated the clinical course of 20 children (persons) with severe motor and intellectual disabilities (SMID) who were treated with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) for respiratory insufficiency. NPPV was effective in 10 of 11 patients treated for acute respiratory failure, and in 7 of 9 patients treated for chronic respiratory failure. Twelve patients were treated with NPPV for more than one year. There were no complications associated with NPPV in any of the patients. NPPV improved ventilation impairment soon after ventilation was started, and avoided the need for the endtracheal intubation by adjusting airway management and the choice of mask in all but one of the patients with acute respiratory failure. NPPV in combination with wearing a chin strap was highly effective in patients with open state or upper airway obstruction. Five patients were successfully weaned off the ventilator soon after recovery from acute respiratory failure using NPPV, whereas 5 patients who continued NPPV during the chronic phase after recovery did not experience recurrent episodes of acute respiratory failure. We conclude that NPPV may be an effective treatment for SMID with respiratory insufficiency.