Genetic modification of plant cell walls to enhance biomass yield and biofuel production in bioenergy crops.
Biotechnol Adv
; 34(5): 997-1017, 2016.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27269671
ABSTRACT
Plant cell walls represent an enormous biomass resource for the generation of biofuels and chemicals. As lignocellulose property principally determines biomass recalcitrance, the genetic modification of plant cell walls has been posed as a powerful solution. Here, we review recent progress in understanding the effects of distinct cell wall polymers (cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, pectin, wall proteins) on the enzymatic digestibility of biomass under various physical and chemical pretreatments in herbaceous grasses, major agronomic crops and fast-growing trees. We also compare the main factors of wall polymer features, including cellulose crystallinity (CrI), hemicellulosic Xyl/Ara ratio, monolignol proportion and uronic acid level. Furthermore, the review presents the main gene candidates, such as CesA, GH9, GH10, GT61, GT43 etc., for potential genetic cell wall modification towards enhancing both biomass yield and enzymatic saccharification in genetic mutants and transgenic plants. Regarding cell wall modification, it proposes a novel groove-like cell wall model that highlights to increase amorphous regions (density and depth) of the native cellulose microfibrils, providing a general strategy for bioenergy crop breeding and biofuel processing technology.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Pared Celular
/
Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente
/
Productos Agrícolas
/
Biomasa
/
Biocombustibles
/
Células Vegetales
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Biotechnol Adv
Año:
2016
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
China