Clostridium difficile Infection.
Microbiol Spectr
; 4(3)2016 06.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27337475
ABSTRACT
Clostridium difficile is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, spore-forming, toxin-secreting bacillus that has long been recognized to be the most common etiologic pathogen of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. C. difficile infection (CDI) is now the most common cause of health care-associated infections in the United States and accounts for 12% of these infections (Magill SS et al., N Engl J Med3701198-1208, 2014). Among emerging pathogens of public health importance in the United States, CDI has the highest population-based incidence, estimated at 147 per 100,000 (Lessa FC et al., N Engl J Med372825-834, 2015). In a report on antimicrobial resistance, C. difficile has been categorized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as one of three "urgent" threats (http//www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/). Although C. difficile was first described in the late 1970s, the past decade has seen the emergence of hypertoxigenic strains that have caused increased morbidity and mortality worldwide. Pathogenic strains, host susceptibility, and other regional factors vary and may influence the clinical manifestation and approach to intervention. In this article, we describe the global epidemiology of CDI featuring the different strains in circulation outside of North America and Europe where strain NAP1/027/BI/III had originally gained prominence. The elderly population in health care settings has been disproportionately affected, but emergence of CDI in children and healthy young adults in community settings has, likewise, been reported. New approaches in management, including fecal microbiota transplantation, are discussed.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Enterocolitis Seudomembranosa
/
Clostridioides difficile
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Microbiol Spectr
Año:
2016
Tipo del documento:
Article