Analytical prediction of the piezoelectric d33 response of fluoropolymer arrays with tubular air channels.

ABSTRACT

The present study is focused on tubular multi-channel arrays composed of commercial fluoropolymer (FEP) tubes with different wall thickness. After proper charging in a high electric field, such tubular structures exhibit a large piezoelectric [Formula see text] coefficient significantly exceeding the values of classical polymer ferroelectrics and being even comparable to conventional lead-free piezoceramics. The quasistatic piezoelectric [Formula see text] coefficient was theoretically derived and its upper limits were evaluated considering charging and mechanical properties of the arrays. In order to optimize the [Formula see text] coefficient the remanent polarization and the mechanical properties were taken into account, both being strongly dependent on the air channel geometry as well as on the wall thickness of the FEP tubes. The model predictions are compared with experimental d33 coefficients for two particular arrays with equal air gaps of 250 µm, but with different wall thickness of utilized FEP tubes of 50 µm and 120 µm, respectively. Analytical modeling allows for the prediction that arrays made of FEP tubes with a wall thickness of 10 µm are foreseen to exhibit a superb piezoelectric response of up to 600 pC/N if the height of stadium-like shaped air channels is reduced down to 50 µm, making them potentially interesting for application as highly sensitive sensors and energy harvesting.