[Pharmacogenetics, tobacco, alcohol and its effect on the risk development cancer]. / Farmacogenética, tabaco, alcohol y su efecto sobre el riesgo de desarrollar cáncer.
Rev Chil Pediatr
; 89(4): 432-440, 2018 Aug.
Article
en Es
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30571815
ABSTRACT
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world, causing 8.8 million deaths in 2015 according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Risk factors for cancer include smoking and alcohol con sumption. In Chile, 33.6% of the population and 21.2% of young people smokes. Alcohol consump tion in the Chilean population is 74.5% and 12.2% in young people. Among the physiological factors that influence the development of cancer, the genetic factor plays a relevant role. It has been shown that the presence of genetic polymorphisms that alter the ability of the body to eliminate contami nants increase the risk of developing cancer. The same applies to polymorphisms that prevent DNA repair due to damage caused by environmental pollutants such as cigarette smoke. The objective of this review is to analyze the state of the art of the relationship between pharmacogenetics, smoking, and alcohol consumption as risk factors for the development of cancer. In conclusion, the results suggest that the presence of polymorphisms that alter the function of biotransformation enzymes phase I (CYP1A1, CYP1E1) and phase II (GST), as well as polymorphisms in DNA repair enzymes (ERCC1 / ERCC2), increase the risk of cancer induced by smoking and alcohol consumption. This association is important considering that smoking and drinking alcohol are highly prevalent among the Chilean population.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas
/
Inactivación Metabólica
/
Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad
/
Fumar Tabaco
/
Neoplasias
Tipo de estudio:
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
Es
Revista:
Rev Chil Pediatr
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Chile