Thioridazine Enhances P62-Mediated Autophagy and Apoptosis Through Wnt/ß-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Glioma Cells.
Int J Mol Sci
; 20(3)2019 Jan 22.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30678307
ABSTRACT
Thioridazine (THD) is a common phenothiazine antipsychotic drug reported to suppress growth in several types of cancer cells. We previously showed that THD acts as an antiglioblastoma and anticancer stem-like cell agent. However, the signaling pathway underlying autophagy and apoptosis induction remains unclear. THD treatment significantly induced autophagy with upregulated AMPK activity and engendered cell death with increased sub-G1 in glioblastoma multiform (GBM) cell lines. Notably, through whole gene expression screening with THD treatment, frizzled (Fzd) proteins, a family of G-protein-coupled receptors, were found, suggesting the participation of Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. After THD treatment, Fzd-1 and GSK3ß-S9 phosphorylation (inactivated form) was reduced to promote ß-catenin degradation, which attenuated P62 inhibition. The autophagy marker LC3-II markedly increased when P62 was released from ß-catenin inhibition. Additionally, the P62-dependent caspase-8 activation that induced P53-independent apoptosis was confirmed by inhibiting T-cell factor/ß-catenin and autophagy flux. Moreover, treatment with THD combined with temozolomide (TMZ) engendered increased LC3-II expression and caspase-3 activity, indicating promising drug synergism. In conclusion, THD induces autophagy in GBM cells by not only upregulating AMPK activity, but also enhancing P62-mediated autophagy and apoptosis through Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. Therefore, THD is a potential alternative therapeutic agent for drug repositioning in GBM.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Autofagia
/
Tioridazina
/
Cateninas
/
Glioma
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Mol Sci
Año:
2019
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Taiwán