Inhibitory effect of 5-Fluorouracil on the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with cisplatin on the proliferation of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro. METHODS: Three groups of human osteosarcoma U2OS cells were cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with the following drugs 20 µg/mL 5-FU, 50 µg/mL 5-FU and 50 µg/mL 5-FU in combination with 0.5 mg/L cisplatin. After culture at 24, 48 and 72 h, the inhibition of proliferation rate of U2OS cells was calculated by CCK-8 cell kit. Cell invasiveness was assessed by Transwell assay. Flow cytometry was used for monitoring the cell apoptosis. RESULTS: 5-FU inhibited the growth of osteosarcoma cells, and the results of different concentrations of 5-FU were significantly different. The growth of U2OS cells decreased significantly within 24-72 h, and the concentration of 5-FU increased with time. The inhibition of the shift was more obvious, and the combined drug inhibition was significantly higher than the 20µg/ml 5-FU Group, 0.5mg/L Cisplatin Group and 50µg/ml 5-FU Group. After 72 h, the mean inhibitory rates of 20 µg/mL 5-FU, 50 µg/mL 5-FU, 50 µg/ml 5-FU in combination with 0.5 mg/L cisplatin, and 0.5 mg/L cisplatin were 12.54±1.26%, 22.17±0.59%, 32.54±1.25%, 20.84±0.83% respectively, and the difference was significant (p<0.05). Results of cell invasion assay showed that after culturing for 48 h, the mean number of cells penetrating the membrane was 22.84±5.27 in the culture group of 0.5 mg/L cisplatin, 30.57±5.68 in the culture group of 20 µg/mL 5-FU, 18.68±4.88 in the culture group of 50 µg/mL 5-FU, and 9.84±3.64 in the culture group of 50 µg/mL 5-FU in combination with 0.5 mg/L cisplatin, respectively, and 72.00±7.52 in the control group, showing statistical differences in each group (p<0.05). The apoptosis of the control group was significantly lower than that of the other groups (p<0.05). Apoptosis rate of the 20µg/mL 5-FU group was significantly lower than that of the 0.5mg/L cisplatin group, the 50µg/mL 5-FU group and the 50 µg/ml 5-FU group in combination with 0.5mg/L cisplatin (p<0.05). There was no difference in apoptosis between 0.5mg/L cisplatin and 50µg/mL 5-FU group (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: 5-FU in combination with cisplatin exerts an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and invasion of human osteosarcoma cells in vitro, and can promote cell apoptosis.