Current opinion on dietary advice in order to preserve fat-free mass during a low-calorie diet.
Nutrition
; 72: 110667, 2020 04.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31962189
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
The loss of fat-free mass (FFM) that occurs during weight loss secondary to low-calorie diet can lead to numerous and deleterious consequences. We performed a review to evaluate the state of the art on metabolic and nutritional correlates of loss of fat free mass during low calorie diet and treatment for maintaining fat free mass.METHODS:
This review included 44 eligible studies. There are various diet strategies to maintain FFM during a low-calorie diet, including adoption of a very low carbohydrate ketogenic diet (VLCKD) and taking an adequate amount of specific nutrients (vitamin D, leucine, whey protein).RESULTS:
Regarding the numerous and various low-calorie diet proposals for achieving weight loss, the comparison of VLCKD with prudent low-calorie diet found that FFM was practically unaffected by VLCKD. There are numerous possible mechanisms for this, involving insulin and the insulin-like growth factor-1-growth hormone axis, which acts by stimulating protein synthesis.CONCLUSIONS:
Considering protein and amino acids intake, an adequate daily intake of leucine (4 g/d) and whey protein (20 g/d) is recommended. Regarding vitamin D, if the blood vitamin D has low values (<30 ng/mL), it is mandatory that adequate supplementation is provided, specifically calcifediol, because in the obese patient this form is recommended to avoid seizure in the adipose tissue; 3 to 4 drops/d or 20 to 30 drops/wk of calcifediol are generally adequate to restore normal 25(OH)D plasma levels in obese patients.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Composición Corporal
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Pérdida de Peso
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Tejido Adiposo
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Dieta Reductora
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Obesidad
Límite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Nutrition
Asunto de la revista:
CIENCIAS DA NUTRICAO
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Italia