Interplay between compartmentalized NAD+ synthesis and consumption: a focus on the PARP family.
Genes Dev
; 34(5-6): 254-262, 2020 03 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32029457
ABSTRACT
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cofactor for redox enzymes, but also moonlights as a substrate for signaling enzymes. When used as a substrate by signaling enzymes, it is consumed, necessitating the recycling of NAD+ consumption products (i.e., nicotinamide) via a salvage pathway in order to maintain NAD+ homeostasis. A major family of NAD+ consumers in mammalian cells are poly-ADP-ribose-polymerases (PARPs). PARPs comprise a family of 17 enzymes in humans, 16 of which catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD+ to macromolecular targets (namely, proteins, but also DNA and RNA). Because PARPs and the NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes are subcellularly localized, an emerging concept is that the activity of PARPs and other NAD+ consumers are regulated in a compartmentalized manner. In this review, I discuss NAD+ metabolism, how different subcellular pools of NAD+ are established and regulated, and how free NAD+ levels can control signaling by PARPs and redox metabolism.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Transducción de Señal
/
Poli(ADP-Ribosa) Polimerasas
/
Espacio Intracelular
/
NAD
Límite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Genes Dev
Asunto de la revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos