Enzymatic reactions and microorganisms producing the various isomers of hydroxyproline.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
; 104(11): 4771-4779, 2020 Jun.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32291491
ABSTRACT
Hydroxyproline is an industrially important compound with applications in the pharmaceutical, nutrition, and cosmetic industries. trans-4-Hydroxy-L-proline is recognized as the most abundant of the eight possible isomers (hydroxy group at C-3 or C-4, cis- or trans-configuration, and L- or D-form). However, little attention has been paid to the rare isomers, probably due to their limited availability. This mini-review provides an overview of recent advances in microbial and enzymatic processes to develop practical production strategies for various hydroxyprolines. Here, we introduce three screening strategies, namely, activity-, sequence-, and metabolite-based approaches, allowing identification of diverse proline-hydroxylating enzymes with different product specificities. All naturally occurring hydroxyproline isomers can be produced by using suitable hydroxylases in a highly regio- and stereo-selective manner. Furthermore, crystal structures of relevant hydroxylases provide much insight into their functional roles. Since hydroxylases acting on free L-proline belong to the 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase superfamily, cellular metabolism of Escherichia coli coupled with a hydroxylase is a valuable source of 2-oxoglutarate, which is indispensable as a co-substrate in L-proline hydroxylation. Further, microbial hydroxyproline 2-epimerase may serve as a highly adaptable tool to convert L-hydroxyproline into D-hydroxyproline. KEY POINTS ⢠Proline hydroxylases serve as powerful tools for selectivel-proline hydroxylation. ⢠Engineered Escherichia coli are a robust platform for hydroxyproline production. ⢠Hydroxyproline epimerase convertsl-hydroxyproline intod-hydroxyproline.
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Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Escherichia coli
/
Hidroxiprolina
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Japón