Progress and Disparities in Early Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorder: Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 2002-2016.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
; 61(7): 905-914, 2022 07.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34838692
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
Early identification can improve outcomes for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We sought to assess changes in early ASD identification over time and by co-occurring intellectual disability (ID) and race/ethnicity.METHOD:
Using data for 2002-2016 from a biennial population-based ASD surveillance program among 8-year-old children in the United States, we defined identification as a child's earliest recorded ASD diagnosis or special education eligibility. Unidentified children had characteristics meeting the ASD surveillance case definition but no recorded identification by age 8 years. We calculated median age at identification among identified children, median age at identification including unidentified children, and cumulative incidence of identification by age 48 months.RESULTS:
ASD identification by age 48 months was 4 times (95% CI 3.6-4.3) as likely in 2016 as in 2002, with the largest increases among children without ID. Median age at ASD identification among identified children decreased 3 months during this time. Children of every race/ethnicity were more likely to be identified over time. There were racial disparities stratified by ID in 2016, Black and Hispanic children without ID were less likely to be identified with ASD than were White children (both groups risk ratio 0.7; 95% CI 0.5-0.8), but Black children were 1.5 times (95% CI 1.3-1.9) as likely as White children to be identified with ASD and ID.CONCLUSION:
Substantial progress has been made to identify more children with ASD early, despite minimal decrease in median age at diagnosis. Considerable disparities remain in early ASD identification by race/ethnicity and co-occurring intellectual disability.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Trastorno Autístico
/
Trastorno del Espectro Autista
/
Discapacidad Intelectual
Tipo de estudio:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Child
/
Child, preschool
/
Humans
País/Región como asunto:
America do norte
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry
Asunto de la revista:
PEDIATRIA
/
PSIQUIATRIA
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article