Turning Copper and Aluminum Alloys with Natural Rocks as Cutting Tools.

The need for rare resources, such as tungsten or cobalt, combined with the high energy requirements to produce cutting materials, is forcing research and development to work out environmentally friendly alternatives. Natural rocks could be an alternative since they are available in large quantities worldwide, have a potentially suitable property profile, and do not require energy-intensive processes to make them usable as cutting materials. However, there are only a few studies on the usability and suitability of natural rocks as cutting materials for machining processes. Therefore, in this article, inserts made of natural rocks were ground and used in turning operations. First, the properties of various natural rocks were determined, as were the tool properties after grinding. Then, the tool load and wear during the machining process were recorded and evaluated to assess the potential applications of this alternative cutting material more accurately. It is therefore becoming apparent that flint and quartz are suitable for use as alternative cutting materials and should be further researched.