Association between systemic omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels, and corneal nerve structure and function.
Eye (Lond)
; 37(9): 1866-1873, 2023 Jun.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36163491
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. This study sought to determine the relationship between corneal parameters and systemic omega-3 fatty acid levels.METHODS:
Forty-seven participants with no/mild peripheral neuropathy (26 with diabetes and 21 without) underwent comprehensive ocular surface and systemic PUFA assessments. Corneal anatomical parameters were assessed using in vivo confocal microscopy. Corneal sensitivity was measured using non-contact esthesiometry. Relationships between systemic PUFA levels and corneal parameters were evaluated with multiple linear regression, adjusted for age, sex, neuropathy symptom score, and presence of diabetes and dry eye disease. The relationship between corneal nerve fibre length (CNFL) and corneal sensitivity threshold was evaluated.RESULTS:
The median Omega-3 Index, a measure of erythrocyte EPA and DHA, was 5.21% (interquartile range 4.44-5.94%) in the study population. Mean ( ± SD) CNFL was 13.53 ± 3.37 mm/mm2. Multiple linear regression showed that Omega-3 Index (ß = 0.33; p = 0.02), age (ß = -0.46; p = 0.001) and diabetes (ß = -0.30; p = 0.03) were independently associated with CNFL (R2 = 0.39, p = 0.002). In a separate model, DHA (ß = 0.32; p = 0.027) and age (ß = -0.41; p = 0.003) were associated with CNFL (R2 = 0.37, p = 0.003). Neither systemic EPA nor omega-6 fatty acid levels correlated with CNFL. There was no association between PUFA levels and corneal sensitivity or corneal immune cell density. A negative correlation was found between CNFL and corneal sensation thresholds to a cooled stimulus in diabetes participants, in the central (ρ = -0.50; p = 0.009) and peripheral (ρ = -0.50; p = 0.01) cornea.CONCLUSIONS:
A positive relationship between the systemic Omega-3 Index and corneal nerve parameters suggests omega-3 PUFA intake may influence corneal nerve architecture.
Texto completo:
1
Colección:
01-internacional
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Ácidos Grasos Omega-3
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Eye (Lond)
Asunto de la revista:
OFTALMOLOGIA
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Australia